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Ways of Living: Work, Community and Lifestyle Choice PDF

339 Pages·2009·2.64 MB·English
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Ways of Living 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd i 10/20/2009 8:56:05 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 This page intentionally left blank 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Ways of Living Work, Community and Lifestyle Choice Edited By Paul Blyton Professor of Industrial Relations and Industrial Sociology, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, UK Betsy Blunsdon Senior Lecturer, School of Management, Deakin University, Australia Ken Reed Associate Professor, School of Management, Deakin University, Australia Ali Dastmalchian Dean, Faculty of Business, University of Victoria, Canada 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd iii 10/20/2009 8:56:05 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Selection and editorial content © Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 2010 Individual chapters © the contributors 2010 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2010 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–0–230–20228–3 hardback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd iv 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Contents List of Tables vii List of Figures viii Preface ix Contributors x 1 Social Change and Ways of Living: An Introduction 1 Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed, Paul Blyton and Ali Dastmalchian Part I Lifestyle and Identity 2 A n Analysis of Time Use to Reveal National Differences in Lifestyle Patterns 17 Ken Reed and Guy Cucumel 3 Households, Work, Time Use and Energy Consumption 33 Steven McEachern 4 Longer to Launch: Demographic Changes in Life-Course Transitions 75 Rosemary A. Venne 5 Fortunate Lives: Professional Careers, Social Position and Life Choices 99 Tanya Castleman and Rosslyn Reed 6 ‘ Live to Work or Work to Live?’ The Search for Work-life Balance in Twenty-first Century Japan 120 Tim Craig Part II Community 7 Personal Communities and Lifestyle: The Role of Family, Friends and Neighbours 147 Betsy Blunsdon and Nicola McNeil 8 T o Downshift or Not to Downshift? Why People Make and don’t Make Decisions to Change their Lives 175 Carmel Goulding and Ken Reed v 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd v 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 vi Contents 9 W ays of Life after Redundancy: Anatomy of a Community Following Factory Closure 202 Paul Blyton and Jean Jenkins Part III Work and Organisations 10 W hat Do (And Don’t) We Know About Part-Time Professional Work? 223 Vivien Corwin 11 W ork Values Across Cultures: The Role of Affect and Job Outcomes among Young Executives in Canada, Iran and Turkey 241 Hayat Kabasakal, Pinar Imer and Ali Dastmalchian 12 D esigning for Well-Being: The Role of the Physical Work Environment 267 Claudia Steinke, Rei Kurosawa and Ali Dastmalchian 13 S hifting Responsibility for Health and Healthy Lifestyles: Exploring Canadian Trends 288 A ngela Downey, Ali Dastmalchian, Helen M. Kelley, David Sharp and Kristene D’Agnone Index 311 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd vi 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Tables 2.1 S ample sizes and numbers within each socio- demographic group, by country 24 2.2 L ist of activities 25 2.3 S ocio-demographic differences in activity, by country 31 3.1 D escriptive statistics for data used in analysis 46 3.2 Linear regression of time spent on other activities, by household type 51 3.3 L inear regression of log (gross household income) on time use activities, by household type 52 4.1 E ducation enrolment (full and part-time) of 20–29 year olds (as a per cent of 20–29 year olds) 84 4.2 P ercentage of population aged 25–34 with post-secondary education 84 4.3 P er cent of young adults living at home: Canada, U.S., and U.K. 86 4.4 M ean or median age at first marriage 88 4.5 T otal fertility rate 89 4.6 K ey population statistics – Canada, U.S., U.K. and Sweden, 2008 89 6.1 W orkers’ compensation claims, 2002–0632 131 7.1 Coding schema for content analysis of interviews 157 8.1 D emographic details of study sample 183 11.1 Loadings from factor analysis of items assessing work values 250 11.2 Means, standard deviations, Cronbach alphas and intercorrelations among study variables* (n=20) 253 11.3 Regression analyses results for job satisfaction as the dependent variable 254 11.4 Regression analyses results for performance as the dependent variable 256 11.5 M eans comparisons (analysis of variance) and multiple comparisons (Scheffé tests) between Turkey, Iran and Canada 257 12.1 R esults of the principal components analysis (n=180) 281 12.2 Descriptive statistics (aggregated measures; n=180) 283 13.1 T he incidence of workplace health activities, 1996 and 2006 303 vii 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd vii 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Figures 2.1 All four countries – dimensions 1 X 2 27 2.2 All four countries – dimensions 1 X 3 28 2.3 Age and gender differences in activity – Canada 29 2.4 Age and gender differences in activity – U.K. 29 2.5 Age and gender differences in activity – Australia 30 2.6 Age and gender differences in activity – France 30 3.1 A model of time use, income and energy consumption 34 3.2 P roportion of time spent in different locations in an average day by Australians 36 3.3 P roportion of time spent with particular groups in different locations in an average day by Australians 38 3.4 H ousehold expenditure on electricity per annum by gross household income level 50 3.5 R elationships between time use, income and electricity expenditure – all households 55 3.6 R elationship between time use, income and electricity expenditure – by household type 56–57 3.7 R elationship between time use, income and expenditure on motor vehicle fuel – by household type 58–59 4.1 M edian age of first marriage in the U.S. 1950–2006 87 6.1 G eneric model of the influences and outcomes of individuals’ work-life choices 122 6.2 Applied model: the influences and outcomes of individuals’ work-life choices in Japan 125 8.1 Key influences on lifestyle change 191 8.2 T he life trajectory of a lifestyle changer – common themes and patterns 194 viii 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd viii 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14 Preface The chapters in this volume were presented at an international c olloquium held in Melbourne in December 2008. Four years earlier the same editorial team organised a similar event which resulted in the publication of Work-Life Integration: International Perspectives on the Balancing of Multiple Roles (Palgrave Macmillan, 2006). We found the experience of bringing the chapter authors together for discussion and reflection prior to chapter finalisation to be both productive and mean- ingful, and therefore wanted to utilise this approach again. However, unlike the earlier publication, which was squarely focused on the issue of work-life balance, what we became increasingly aware of in the inter- vening period was the greater need to situate continuing work-life dis- cussions within a broader context. We have sought to do this by inviting contributors to write chapters on a series of issues which help shape the contexts within which people develop and experience the relationship between their paid work lives and their lives outside work. These include chapters that explore values, identity and community, ones that examine how people use their time, and ones that consider the role that work organisations – their policies, practices and physical design – play in individual well-being. Overall we hope that this combination stimulates further interest in exploring the broader contexts within which the relationship between work and non- work lives are located. Paul Blyton Betsy Blunsdon Ken Reed Ali Dastmalchian Cardiff, Melbourne and Victoria, May 2009 ix 10.1057/9780230273993 - Ways of Living, Edited by Paul Blyton, Betsy Blunsdon, Ken Reed and Ali Dastmalchian 9780230_202283_01_prexiv.indd ix 10/20/2009 8:56:06 AM Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of California-CDL - PalgraveConnect - 2011-04-14

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