Way Down in the Hole: Race, Intimacy, and the Reproduction of Racial Ideologies in Solitary Confinement PDF
Preview Way Down in the Hole: Race, Intimacy, and the Reproduction of Racial Ideologies in Solitary Confinement
Way Down in the Hole Critical Issues in Crime and Society Raymond J. Michalowski and Luis A. Fernandez, Series Editors Critical Issues in Crime and Society is oriented t oward critical analy sis of con temporary prob lems in crime and justice. The series is open to a broad range of topics including specific types of crime, wrongful be hav ior by eco nom ically or po liti cally power ful actors, controversies over justice system practices, and issues related to the intersection of iden- tity, crime, and justice. It is committed to offering thoughtful works that w ill be accessible to scholars and professional criminologists, general readers, and students. For a list of titles in the series, see the last page of the book. Way Down in the Hole Race, Intimacy, and the Reproduction of R acial Ideologies in S olitary Confinement Angela J. Hattery and Earl Smith Rutgers University Press New Brunswick, Camden, and Newark, New Jersey, and London Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Hattery, Angela, author. | Smith, Earl, 1946– author. Title: Way down in the hole: race, intimacy, and the reproduction of racial ideologies in solitary confinement / Angela J. Hattery and Earl Smith. Description: New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, [2023] | Series: Critical issues in crime and society | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021058190 | ISBN 9781978823785 (paperback) | ISBN 9781978823792 (cloth) | ISBN 9781978823808 (epub) | ISBN 9781978823815 (mobi) | ISBN 9781978823822 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Solitary confinement. | Prisoners— Social conditions. | Minorities— Effect of imprisonment on. Classification: LCC HV8728 .H37 2022 | DDC 365/.644— dc23/eng/20211213 LC rec ord available at https:// lccn . loc . gov / 2021058190 A British Cataloging- in- Publication rec ord for this book is available from the British Library. Copyright © 2023 by Angela J. Hattery and Earl Smith All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, elec- tronic or mechanical, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without writ- ten permission from the publisher. Please contact Rutgers University Press, 106 Somerset Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901. The only exception to this prohibition is “fair use” as defined by U.S. copyright law. References to internet websites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor Rutgers University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992. www. rutgersuniversitypress. o rg Manufactured in the United States of Amer i ca We dedicate this book to Correctional Officers Travis, Porter, and Daniel; and to Dr. Emma, Marina, and to all of the people we met in solitary confinement— those incarcerated and those who work t here. You touched us in ways unimaginable. We hope we have done justice to your stories and your lives. We w ill never forget you. To the tens of thousands of p eople incarcerated and working in solitary confinement units across the United States. We hope our book renders you vis i ble. To our children: Travis, Emma, Porter and Marina. You are our inspiration. To Earl: I w ouldn’t have survived solitary confinement without you. To Angela: I only survived solitary because of you! Contents Foreword by Terry A. Kupers, M.D., M.S.P. xi Introduction 1 Part I The Hole 1 A Day in the Hole 7 2 Solitary Confinement in Context 33 3 Ideal Types 43 Part II Scholar’s Story 4 Recruiting People Incarcerated in Solitary Confinement 51 5 Fox News or CNN? 55 6 Racism in Solitary Confinement 58 7 The Cell Assignment: Race is the First Consideration 63 8 It’s “Culture” not “Race” 66 Part III CO Porter and Dr. Emma 9 Locating Prisons in Rural Settings 75 10 Prison Town— Larrabee 78 11 Dr. Emma and the Professional Staff 81 12 The Hotel 85 13 It’s Either This or the Coal Mine 88 14 CO Porter: “Sometimes I Sleep in My Car” 95 vii viii Contents Part IV Fifty’s Story 15 Dehumanization 101 16 Language 104 17 Studies with Monkeys 107 18 Hygiene Products 110 19 The Mirror 116 20 Food 119 21 Time 122 22 Mail 125 23 Choosing the Hole 127 24 Freelimo: The Silencing of the Po liti cal Prisoner 131 25 Extreme Vio lence 135 Part V Marina’s Story 26 Welcome to SCI- Women 143 27 The Women’s Hole 150 28 Meeting the Mass Killer: Solitary Confinement Is Her “Home” 155 29 The BMU 157 30 Sally 162 31 CO Lisa 165 32 Wendi 167 33 “Do You Think I’ll Die Here?”— Marina 170 Part VI CO Travis 34 We Are the Essential Workers 179 35 Solitary Confinement Isn’t a Daycare! 181 36 Correctional PTSD 186 37 “Therapy” with Dr. Emma 190 38 The Grift: Faking Mental Illness to Get a Candy Bar 195 39 The Flipped Script: TVs, Trays, and [Flush] Toilets 199 40 Not Always in Sync: The Job of the CO and the Work of the CO 203 41 Intimate Interracial Contact and Intimate Surveillance 205 Contents ix White Supremacy and the Lies Part VII White P eople Tell Themselves 42 The “Origin” Lie: The Negro Is the Prob lem 213 43 Emancipated Slaves and the White Sharecropper 218 44 Strangers in Their Own Land 222 45 Dying by Whiteness 225 46 Bending the Rules: Creating Humanity in Inhumane Spaces 228 47 The Lies the COs Tell Themselves 235 48 “Anything But Race” Theories 237 49 January 6, 2021: The Big Lie 240 Epilogue 245 Abbreviations and Terms 249 Acknowle dgments 251 Notes 255 Bibliography 265 Index 275
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