Table Of Content

Colo WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN COLONIAL NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK NATIONAL PARK SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Please do not remove NATIONAL 1'AKK SERV1CI WaterResources Division this item from FortCoillitf, Coloradc Resource Room ^escuice Poom Property WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN COLONIAL NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK Prepared by Center for Coastal Management and Policy Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and Mary Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Colonial National Historical Park P.O. Box 210 Yorktown, Virginia 23690 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Water Resources Division 1201 Oak Ridge Drive, Suite 250 Ft. Collins, Colorado 80525 September, 1994 under cooperative agreement number CA4000-1-0018 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/waterresourcemanOOhers WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN COLONIAL NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK Recommended by: perintendent, Galonial National Historical Park' Date ZMtf Approved by: lantic Date TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY /vii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1. II Purpose of the Plan IX Legislative and Planning Issues IX Water Resources Management Objectives II Identification of Water Resource Issues /4 CHAPTER 2. USES, AND REGULATORY RELATIONSHIPS II Land Status and Uses II Regulatory Relationships II Federal Programs, Laws, and Regulations 19 National Park Service Organic Act (1916) 19 Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act) 19 Coastal Zone Management Act /10 National Environmental Policy Act /10 Floodplain Management (Executive Order 11988) IXX Protection of Wetlands (Executive Order 11990) IX X National Park Service Management Policies and Guidelines IXX State and Local Programs 1X2 Virginia Water Quality Standards 1X2 Virginia Wetlands Act /13 Virginia Water Protection Permit /14 Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act /15 Erosion and Sediment Control Law /15 Storm Water Management Act 1X6 Groundwater Management Act /18 CHAPTER THE HYDROLOGIC ENVIRONMENT 3. /19 Introduction /19 Description of the Area /19 Watersheds and Sub-basin Delineation /21 Climate 111 Topography 114 Stratigraphy /26 Soils3 /30 Surface Water Resources /33 Water Quality /33 Erosion and Sedimentation /34 Floodplains /35 Groundwater Resources /37 Water Uses 139 Status of Water Rights /39 Underground Storage Tanks /40 A External Spills and Leaks /40 External Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites /41 Commonwealth of Virginia Emergency Fuel Storage Facility /41 U.S. Navy Yorktown Fuel Depot /42 U.S. Navy Yorktown Naval Weapons Station (NWS) /42 CHAPTER 4. AQUATIC BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND HABITATS /43 Introduction /43 Flora /43 Wetlands /44 Fauna /46 Rare, Threatened and Endangered (RTE) Species /48 Exotic Species /49 Species of Special Interest /49 CHAPTER SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED WATER RESOURCES 5. MANAGEMENT PROGRAM /52 Introduction /52 Overview of Existing Activities 152 Inventory and Monitoring /55 Research /55 Protection, Management and Mitigation /56 Education and Administration 156 CHAPTER 6. WATER RESOURCES PROJECT STATEMENTS 151 Adjacent Land Use Protection Activities /58 Groundwater Monitoring /61 State Regulatory Process/Permit Review /63 Establishing Land Subsidence/Climate Change Baseline 165 Inventory and Site Assessment of Erosion and Sedimentation Related Problems /66 Development of Geological Maps /68 Shallow Aquifer Delineation 169 Inventory and Monitoring - Springs, Seeps, Streams, and USTs 110 & Determination of the Functions Values of Park Wetland Environments 112 Surface Water Quality Trends Monitoring/Risk Assessment II Shoreline Stability/Erosion Monitoring 116 li ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE /78 REVIEW COMMENTS 11% LITERATURE CITED 119 LIST OF PREPARERS /83 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS /84 CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION /85 COPIES DISTRIBUTED FOR REVIEW /87 in . LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Colonial National Historical Park and Environs 12 Figure 2. Area Map /5 Figure 3. Adjacent Landuse /8 Figure 4. Chesapeake Bay Resource Protection Areas and Resource Management Areas /17 Figure 5. Surface Water Hydrology /22 Figure 6. Sub-basin Drainage Boundaries /23 Figure 7 Geologic Cross Section /25 Figure 8. Aquifers /27 Figure 9. Geology /28 Figure 10. Soils Map /32 Figure 11. Floodplains /36 Figure 12. Vegetation /45 Figure 13. Wetlands /47 Figure 14. RTE/Critical Habitat /51 IV