Water Quality and Systems - Guide for Facility Managers PDF
Preview Water Quality and Systems - Guide for Facility Managers
Water Quality and Systems: A Guide for Facility Managers 2nd Edition Robert N. Reid, PE THE FAIRMONT PRESS, INC. MARCEL DEKKER, INC. Lilburn, Georgia New York and Basel iii ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Reid, Robert N., 1949- Water quality and systems : a guide for facility managers/Robert N. Reid.- -2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-88173-332-6 (print) -- ISBN 0-88173-463-2 (electronic) 1. Plumbing. 2. Water quality management. 3. Water supply. I. Title TH6126.R32 2003 696’.1--dc2l 2003054958 Water quality and systems : a guide for facility managers/Robert N. Reid. ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Published by The Fairmont Press, Inc. 700 Indian Trail, Lilburn, GA 30047 tel: 770-925-9388; fax: 770-381-9865 http://www.fairmontpress.com Distributed by Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 tel: 212-696-9000; fax: 212-685-4540 http://www.dekker.com Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0-88173-332-6 (The Fairmont Press, Inc.) 0-8247-4010-6 (Marcel Dekker, Inc.) While every effort is made to provide dependable information, the publisher, authors, and editors cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions. ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Dedication This book is dedicated to Katherine Jane Schow Reid. ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Contents Preface Introduction Chapter 1 Water Management Planning Use Rate Delivery Disposal Utility Billing Metering Water Treatment Common Complaints Lab Tests Case Study: Environmental Spill Chapter 2 Water: Supply and Disposal Resources Natural Lakes and Rivers Reservoirs Springs Wells Wastewater Storm Water Rainfall Stormwater Ponds Erosion Control Utility Interface Chapter 3 Law and Regulations Federal Water Laws Hazardous Waste Laws Local Implementation of Federal Standards Codes and Standards ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Water Rights Chapter 4 Water Impurities Turbidity Dissolved Salts Dissolved Metals Radionuclides Organic Compounds Micro-organisms and Pathogens Laboratories Public Right to Know Chapter 5 Scale and Corrosion of Water Systems Impurities leading to scale and corrosion Scale Symptoms of Scale Langelier Saturation Index Treatment of Scale and Water with Scale Impurity Corrosion Tests for Corrosion The Ryznar Index Treatment for Corrosion Chapter 6 Upgrades and Renovations Renovation Strategies Conduct a Needs Assessment Conduct a Utility Survey Constructing a Model of Water Use Compare Alternatives and Decide The U.S. EPA’s WAVE Saver Program Chapter 7 Pipe and Fittings Piping Pipe Fittings Pipe Materials Remodeling/New Pipe Water Supply Piping Wastewater Piping Storm water Piping ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Sanitary Sewer Piping Buried Pipe Double Walled Pipe Pipe Joints Chapter 8 Pumps and Tanks Pump and Pump Cost Tradeoffs Pump Operational Problems Pump Suction and Priming Tanks Chapter 9 Valves and Fixtures Valves Fixtures Showers Chapter 10 Instrumentation, Hydraulics, Plumbing Instrumentation (Meters & Gauges) Calibration Hydraulics How to Quickly Estimate Pipe Flow Capacities Plumbing Drain Pipe Sizing Chapter 11 Water Supply Systems Water Softeners Filters Chlorinators Chlorine Gas Material Safety Data Sheet Reverse Osmosis Units Deionizer Stills Water Coolers Chapter 12 Hot Water Systems Options Available to the Facility System Sizing and Design Heat Piping ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Insulation Safety Valves Instruments Maintenance Case Study: Deadly Bath Draws VA Scrutiny Chapter 13 Wastewater Systems Sewage Treatment Wastewater Treatment Methods Other Sewer Treatment Facilities Soil Conditions Chapter 14 Applications Combining Systems Lavatories Kitchens Mechanical Rooms Swimming and Bathing Pools Spas Fountains Clinics Laboratories Chapter 15 Project Management Planning Design Final Cost Estimate Fast Track Construction Hiring Contractors Types of Contracts Field Work Inspection of the Work Payment of Contractors Shop Inspection Bonds and Bonding Chapter 16 Performance Testing ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Field Testing Disinfecting Pipes Chapter 17 Maintenance Elements of Maintenance Work Order System Staffing for Maintenance Maintenance Tips and Short Cuts Camera Inspection Leak Detection Chapter 18 Managing your Team The Facility Manager Water Professionals Safety Managing Shift Work Keeping Abreast of Technology Chapter 19 Trade Groups and Associations Appendix I Bibliography of Sources Appendix II Primary Drinking Water Standards ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. Preface W ater Quality & Systems: A Guide for Facility Managers is written for facility managers and other building professionals—such as maintenance executives, consultants and technical professionals—who have been given the responsibility for water supply and wastewater drainage systems. This book is designed to help the facility man- ager perform the core job of integrating people into their physical environment. Managers want to know how to improve their water system quality and how to save money on water and wastewater costs. This book provides simple distinct steps that enable managers to keep occupants satisfied and productive. At the same time, facility managers will learn how to control and maintain operating and repair costs and how to implement the requirements of new regu- lations into the systems. For management professionals who are confused by technical lingo, this book cuts through the jargon and shows facility man- agers how to reduce costs and make water systems safe and effi- cient in a straightforward, non-technical reference. It has been specifically formatted to provide the manager with the most im- portant, most comprehensive amount of information in the least amount of time, thereby optimizing the reader’s investment in the information, not in the writing. The material covered in this book will also be useful for tech- nical professionals who want to be able to communicate more effectively on a non-technical level with their clients and custom- ers. It will provide a bridge of communication between facility managers and technical staffs and/or consultants optimizing time and staff investment. The text is divided into problem segments with immediate response. It is not a textbook designed to be covered over the stan- dard 13-16 week course. Instead, it is designed to provide, at quick reading, the assessment of the problem, drive to the root of it, and quickly determine for the manager the actions to be taken to solve ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved. them in the near term and long term. Water supply and wastewater are the two broad types dis- cussed in this book. The basic important elements in each category are presented. The book addresses significant problems faced by managers of water systems. It also explains analysis of water sup- plies, treatment costs and methods of saving money in treatment, remodeling, construction and operations. Managers of water systems will profit from the books current information about new and dynamic water regulations and will be able to pass this information along to their employees in order to operate the system effectively and safely. At the completion of the book, the facility manager will have learned how to provide occupants with high quality water supply and wastewater systems and minimum costs without compromis- ing safety. In addition, managers will be able to communicate ef- fectively with semi-technical people about his or her water system. New and more effective methods of treatment, installation and operation will be learned. The reader of this book will know how to keep water safe for its consumers-how to make drainage and sewer systems safely carry away waste. The reader will also understand how to test the systems, who to contact in order to check and verify the tests, how to determine the cost of improvements and how to analyze the costs to determine if they are effective. Lastly, managers will ob- tain knowledge of recent laws and regulations concerning water and wastewater systems. Finally, the book can be used as a guide to increase awareness among future managers, the facility management staff and/or stu- dents studying water systems. ©2004 by The Fairmont Press. All rights reserved.
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