Water Quality and Food Safety in Aquaponic Fish and Vegetable PDF
Preview Water Quality and Food Safety in Aquaponic Fish and Vegetable
Water Quality and Food Safety in Aquaponic Fish and Vegetable Production Systems International Aquaponics Conference: Aquaponics and Global Food Security, June 19th 2013 1Bradley ‘Kai’ Fox, 1Clyde S. Tamaru, 2James Hollyer, 3Luisa Castro, 4Jorge M. Fonseca, 5Michele Jay-Russell, and 6Todd Low 1Department of Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering, CTAHR 2Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, CTAHR 3Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, CTAHR University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa 4College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona 5Western Center for Food Safety, University of California, Davis 6Aquaculture Development Program, Hawai‘i Department of Agriculture Introduction • About me – Aquaculture training – CTAHR Assistant Specialist • About the talk – Background – Research – Future Challenges and Opportunities ‘ for Aquaponics in Hawai i • Tropical climate, year- round growing season – Pests • Outdoor: slugs (rat lungworm infection), mammals, birds • Indoor: controlled- environment Certifying Food-Safe Aquaponic Systems • Initiated discussions with 3rd party certifiers – Challenges: GAPs CA- focused • Concerns – River verses system water – Biofilters, fish manure, fish food, etc. • Lack of science- based information What is Food Safety? • Preventing foodborne illness • Recognizing responsibility – Food safety is about people • Chemical, physical, microbiological • Focus: microbiological Foodborne Illness • Human and economic costs – U.S.:~$77B annually – Many factors involved • Indicator microbes in irrigation water – Fecal contamination? • E. coli: warm-blooded origin – Birds/mammals (humans) – Fish are cold-blooded Symbiotic Relationships in an Aquaponic System • Aquaponics system water: (excretes) (NH ) 3 – Irrigation Fish Ammonia – Fertilizer (water returns) • Uncomposted fish poop (manure) is www.vedicsciences. net (Nitrosoma spp.) purposefully and persistently present Plant Nitrite (NO ) • Water remains below plants in con2 tact with roots (uptake) Nitrate www. gopaultech.com (NO ) (Nitrobacter spp.) 3 Challenges and Opportunities • Food safety certification – Large vendors • Third party certifiers – Audits based on industry and science – “Auto-failure” • Currently: USDA is unwilling to support food safety for aquaponics – Lack of scientific information Audit Criteria • Questions weighted differently • Growers: >85% • Example: raw manure
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