Water and Development: Good Governance after Neoliberalism PDF
Preview Water and Development: Good Governance after Neoliberalism
About CROP CROP, the Comparative Research Programme on Poverty, is a response from the academic community to the problems of poverty. The programme was initiated in 1992, and the CROP Secretariat was officially opened in June 1993 by the Director General of UNESCO, Dr Frederico Mayor. In recent years, poverty alleviation, poverty reduction and the eradica tion of poverty have moved up on the international agenda, with poverty eradication now defined as the greatest global challenge facing the world today. In cooperation with its sponsors, the International Social Science Council (ISSC) and the University of Bergen (UiB), CROP works in collaboration with knowledge networks, institutions and scholars to establish independent, alternative and critical poverty research in order to help shape policies for longterm poverty prevention and eradication. The CROP network comprises scholars engaged in povertyrelated research across a variety of academic disciplines. Researchers from more than a hundred different countries are represented in the network, which is coordinated by the CROP Secretariat at the University of Bergen, Norway. The CROP series on International Studies in Poverty Research presents expert research and essential analyses of different aspects of poverty worldwide. By promoting a fuller understanding of the nature, extent, depth, distribution, trends, causes and effects of poverty, this series will contribute to knowledge concerning the reduction and eradi cation of poverty at global, regional, national and local levels. For more information contact: CROP Secretariat PO Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, NORWAY Phone: +47 55 58 97 44 Email: [email protected] Visiting address: Jekteviksbakken 31 www.crop.org Series editors Juliana Martínez Franzoni, associate professor of political science, University of Costa Rica Thomas Pogge, Leitner professor of philosophy and international affairs, Yale University CROP INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN POVERTY RESEARCH Published by Zed Books in association with CROP David Gordon and Paul Spicker (eds), The International Glossary on Poverty, 1999 Francis Wilson, Nazneen Kanji and Einar Braathen (eds), Poverty Reduction: What Role for the State in Today’s Globalized Economy?, 2001 Willem van Genugten and Camilo PerezBustillo (eds), The Poverty of Rights: Human Rights and the Eradication of Poverty, 2001 Else Øyen et al. (eds), Best Practices in Poverty Reduction: An Analytical Framework, 2002 Lucy Williams, Asbjørn Kjønstad and Peter Robson (eds), Law and Poverty: The Legal System and Poverty Reduction, 2003. Elisa P. Reis and Mick Moore (eds), Elite Perceptions of Poverty and Inequal ity, 2005 Robyn Eversole, JohnAndrew McNeish and Alberto D. Cimadamore (eds), Indigenous Peoples and Poverty: An International Perspective, 2005 Lucy Williams (ed.), International Poverty Law: An Emerging Discourse, 2006 Maria Petmesidou and Christos Papatheodorou (eds), Poverty and Social Deprivation in the Mediterranean, 2006 Paul Spicker, Sonia Alvarez Leguizamón and David Gordon (eds), Poverty: An International Glossary, 2nd edn, 2007 Santosh Mehrotra and Enrique Delamonica, Eliminating Human Poverty: Macroeconomic and Social Policies for Equitable Growth, 2007 David Hemson, Kassim Kulindwa, Haakon Lein and Adolfo Mascarenhas (eds), Poverty and Water: Explorations of the Reciprocal Relationship, 2008 Forthcoming titles Abraar Karan and Geeta Sodhi (eds), Protecting the Health of the Poor: Social Movements in the South, 2015 Einar Braathen, Julian May and Gemma Wright (eds), Poverty and Inequality in Middle Income Countries: Policy Achievements, Political Obstacles, 2016 Alberto D. Cimadamore, Gabriele Koehler and Thomas Pogge (eds), Poverty and the Millennium Development Goals: A Critical Look Forward, 2016 Alberto D. Cimadamore, Gro Therese Lie, Maurice B Mittelmark and Fungisai P. Gwanzura Ottemöller (eds), Development and Sustainability Science: The Challenge of Social Change, 2016 Julio Boltvinik and Susan Archer Mann (eds), Peasant Poverty and Persis tence, 2016 WATER AND DEVELOPMENT GOOD GOVERNANCE AFTER NEOLIBERALISM edited by Ronaldo Munck, Narathius Asingwire, Honor Fagan and Consolata Kabonesa Zed Books LONdON Water and Development: Good governance after neoliberalism was first published in 2015 by Zed Books Ltd, Unit 2.8, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way, London, SE11 5RR, UK www.zedbooks.co.uk Editorial copyright © CROP 2015 The right of CROP to be identified as the organization of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 Set in Monotype Plantin and ffKievit by Ewan Smith, London NW5 Index: [email protected] Cover designed by www.kikamiller.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of Zed Books Ltd. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library iSbN 9781783604937 hb iSbN 9781783604920 pb iSbN 9781783604944 pdf iSbN 9781783604951 epub iSbN 9781783604968 mobi CONTENTS Figures and tables | vii Acknowledgements | ix Abbreviations and acronyms | x Part one context Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1 Water, development and good governance. . . . . . . . . . . 11 Ronaldo Munck 2 Liquid dynamics: challenges for sustainability in the water domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Lyla Mehta and Synne Movik 3 Can IWRM float on a sea of underdevelopment? Reflections on twentyplus years of ‘reform’ in subSaharan Africa . . . . . . . 60 Larry A. Swatuk 4 Water politics in eastern and southern Africa . . . . . . . . . 84 Sobona Mtisi and Alan Nicol Part two case study 5 Integrated water management and social development in Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 Gloria Macri, Firminus Mugumya and Áine Rickard 6 Governance and safe water provisioning in Uganda: theory and practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135 Firminus Mugumya and Narathius Asingwire 7 Woman water keeper? Women’s troubled participation in water resource management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152 Richard Bagonza Asaba and G. Honor Fagan 8 Women and water politics: an ethnographic gender perspective 172 Joyce Mpalanyi Magala, Consolata Kabonesa and Anthony Staines 9 Understanding adaptive capacity on the ground: a case of agro pastoralists in a rural parish, Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Mavuto D. Tembo 10 Functional sustainability of hand pumps for rural water supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198 Michael Lubwama, Brian Corcoran and Kimmitt Sayers Part three balance sheet 11 Beyond the MDGS: can the water crisis for the poor finally be resolved? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213 David Hemson Notes on contributors | 246 Index | 251 FIGURES AND TABLES Figures 2.1 A heuristic for understanding liquid dynamics . . . . . . . . . 41 5.1 The age distribution of survey respondents . . . . . . . . . .113 5.2 Marital status of survey respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 5.3 Household size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 5.4 Head of household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115 5.5 Household’s major source of income . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 5.6 Estimated monthly household income . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 5.7 Map of those households within and outside of a 1kilometre catchment area of working improved water sources. . . . . . .118 5.8 The main source of drinking water for the household . . . . . .119 5.9 Map of household participants using an unprotected water source as their main water source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 5.10 Major problems in collecting water from the main water source 122 5.11 The reason for using alternative sources . . . . . . . . . . . 124 5.12 Forms of waterrelated expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 5.13 Diseases suffered by at least one member of the household . . .127 5.14 Trend in prevalence of diseases in the household.. . . . . . . 128 5.15 Reason for not being satisfied with the way water is used in the household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 5.16 Map of those who rated the provision of safe water in their community as ‘bad’ or ‘very bad’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131 6.1 Water sector actors and their relationships visàvis CBMS of rural safe water facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 10.1 Wornout piston seals showing identifiers of wear mechanisms (a) on the base of seal and (b) on the underside. . . . . . . . 207 11.1 Rural water: change over the MDG period, 1990–2012 . . . . . 223 11.2 Annual rates of percentage change in rural water coverage, 1990–2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 11.3 Annual rate of percentage change over two periods: 1990–99; 2001–12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 11.4 Drinking water coverage by wealth quintiles, urban and rural. . 226 Tables 1.1 Percentage increase in delivery of water and of population benefited in developing countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.1 Selected country access to improved sanitation and improved water supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.2 Surface water resources in the subregions of Africa . . . . . . 68 3.3 Selected transboundary rivers in Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.1 Targets and achievements for rural safe water supply (2004–15) . 111 5.2 Estimated monthly household income and size of household. . .117 5.3 Main source of water used and reason for using it as the main source of water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 5.4 Main source of water used and major problems in using/collecting water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123 5.5 Type of transport mainly used by the following categories of people in the household to collect water. . . . . . . . . . . .125 5.6 Length of time needed for the following categories of people in the household to fetch water from the nearest water source . . .125 5.7 Litres of water collected per visit by the following categories of people in the household . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 5.8 Rating of the way safe water service delivery programmes in volve locals in deciding what service to provide and where they are to be provided. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 10.1 Percentage representation of problems different categories of respondents face in operating hand pumps. . . . . . . . . . 204 11.1 Numbers of people gaining coverage, water and sanitation over two periods: 1990–2000; 2000–12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 11.2 Levels of service and rates of change in southern Asia and Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors would like to thank Irish Aid and the Higher Education Authority of Ireland for their funding of the research which under pins Chapters 5 through to 10. Water Is Life: Amazzi Bulamu was an interinstitutional action research project completed in 2014. The project was funded through the Irish Aid Programme of Strategic Cooperation, which was launched in 2006 to support Irish Aid’s mission to develop the capacity of the higher education sector in the global South. Thanks to John Wiley and Sons for permission to republish Chapter 2, ‘Liquid dynamics: challenges for sustainability in the water domain’, which was originally published in Wiley Interdiscip linary Reviews: Water, 1(4), 2014. We would also like to thank Mary Hyland, who went beyond the normal copyediting role to really get the best out of the work submitted for this volume.
The list of books you might like
