Water and agricultural sustainability strategies

313 Pages·2010·4.9 MB·English

by  Manjit S Kang

Water and Agricultural
Sustainability Strategies
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Water and Agricultural
Sustainability Strategies
Editor
Manjit S. Kang
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Water and agricultural sustainability strategies / editor, Manjit S. Kang.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-415-57219-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-0-203-84792-3
(e-book) 1. Water-supply, Agricultural--India. 2. Water quality management--India.
3. Soil management--India. 4. Sustainable agriculture--India. I. Kang, Manjit S. II. Title.
S494.5.W3.W348 2010
631.5--dc22
2010002829
ISBN: 978-0-415-57219-4 (Hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-84792-3 (eBook)
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Contents
Contributors vii
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
About the editor xix
Section I: Water and agricultural sustainability challenges
1. Sustainable water systems for agriculture and 21st century challenges 3
Ramesh Kanwar
2. Challenges in securing India’s water future 21
Kapil K. Narula & Upmanu Lall
Section II: Sustainable water management strategies
3. Soil water management in India 29
R. Lal
4. Conserving and optimizing limited water for crop production 43
D.G. Westfall, G.A. Peterson & N.C. Hansen
5. On watershed management 57
Hemant Chowdhary & Vijay P. Singh
6. Water management in northern states and the food security of India 71
G.S. Hira
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vi Contents
Section III: Sustainable soil management strategies
7. Sustainable management of Vertisols in central India 93
R.P. Rajput, D.L. Kauraw, R.K. Bhatnagar, Manish Bhavsar,
M. Velayutham & R. Lal
8. Sustainable management of dryland Alfi sols (red soils) in South India 109
S.P. Palaniappan, R. Balasubramanian, T. Ramesh, A. Chandrasekaran,
K.G. Mani, M. Velayutham & R. Lal
Section IV: Soil and water quality management
9. Soil and water quality: Integral components of watershed management 133
K.R. Reddy & J.W. Jawitz
10. Water pollution related to agricultural, industrial, and urban activities,
and its effects on the food chain: Case studies from Punjab 143
Milkha S. Aulakh, Mohinder Paul S. Khurana & Dhanwinder Singh
Section V: Soil and water management in dryland or rainfed agriculture
11. Manipulating tillage to increase stored soil water and manipulating
plant geometry to increase water-use effi ciency in dryland areas 169
B.A. Stewart
12. Integrated watershed management for increasing productivity
and water-use effi ciency in semi-arid tropical India 181
Piara Singh, P. Pathak, S.P. Wani & K.L. Sahrawat
13. Strategies for improving the productivity of rainfed farms in India
with special emphasis on soil quality improvement 207
K.L. Sharma, Y.S. Ramakrishna, J.S. Samra, K.D. Sharma, U.K. Mandal,
B. Venkateswarlu, G.R. Korwar & K. Srinivas
Section VI: Biotechnological and agronomic strategies
14. Biotechnology and drought tolerance 229
Satbir S. Gosal, Shabir H. Wani & Manjit S. Kang
15. Transgenic strategies for improved drought tolerance
in legumes of semi-arid tropics 261
Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur, J. Shridhar Rao, Vincent Vadez & Kiran K. Sharma
16. Viable alternatives to the rice-wheat cropping system in Punjab 279
B.S. Kang, Kuldeep Singh, Dhanwinder Singh, B.R. Garg, R. Lal & M. Velayutham
17. Weed management in aerobic rice in northwestern Indo-Gangetic plains 297
G. Mahajan, B.S. Chauhan & D.E. Johnson
Subject index 313
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Contributors
AULAKH, MILKHA S.
Department of Soils
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
BALASUBRAMANIAN, R.
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
Chennai 600 113, India
BHATNAGAR, R.K.
The Jawahar Lal Nehru Agricultural University
Jabalpur, India
BHATNAGAR-MATHUR, POOJA
Genetic Transformation Laboratory
ICRISAT
Patancheru 502 324, AP, India
BHAVSAR, MANISH
The Jawahar Lal Nehru Agricultural University
Jabalpur, India
CHANDRASEKARAN
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
Chennai 600 113, India
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viii Contributors
CHAUHAN, B.S.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
Los Banos, Philippines
CHOWDHARY, HEMANT
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
GARG, B.R.
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
GOSAL, SATBIR S.
School of Agricultural Biotechnology
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
HANSEN, N.C.
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
HIRA, G.S.
Additional Director of Research, Agriculture (Retd.)
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
JAWITZ, J.W.
Soil and Water Science Department
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
JOHNSON, D.E.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
Los Banos, Philippines
KANG, B.S.
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
KANG, MANJIT S.
Office of Vice Chancellor
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
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Contributors ix
KANWAR, RAMESH
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Iowa State University
Ames, IA 50011, USA
KAURAW, D.L.
The Jawahar Lal Nehru Agricultural University
Jabalpur, India
KHURANA, MOHINDER PAUL S.
Department of Soils
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
KORWAR, G.R.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Santoshnagar, Hyderabad-500059, Andhra Pradesh, India
LAL, R.
Carbon Management and Sequestration Center
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH 43210-1085, USA
LALL, UPMANU
Columbia Water Center
Earth and Environmental Engineering and
Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics
Columbia University
New York, NY 10025, USA
MAHAJAN, G.
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
MANDAL, U.K.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Santoshnagar, Hyderabad-500059, Andhra Pradesh, India
MANI, K.G.
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
Chennai 600 113, India
NARULA, KAPIL K.
Columbia Water Center
The Earth Institute
Columbia University
New York, NY USA
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x Contributors
Address in India:
Columbia Water Center
India Office (Regd.)
101, K-62
Hauz Khas Enclave
New Delhi 110 016, India
PALANIAPPAN, S.P.
M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
Chennai 600 113, India
PATHAK, P.
ICRISAT
Patancheru 502 324
Andhra Pradesh, India
PETERSON, G.A.
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
RAJPUT, R.P.
The Jawahar Lal Nehru Agricultural University
Jabalpur, India
RAMAKRISHNA, Y.S.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Santoshnagar, Hyderabad-500059, Andhra Pradesh, India
RAMESH, T.
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Coimbatore, India
RAO, SHRIDHAR J.
Genetic Transformation Laboratory
ICRISAT
Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
REDDY, K.R.
Soil and Water Science Department
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
SAHRAWAT, K.L.
ICRISAT,
Patancheru, 502 324
Andhra Pradesh, India
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Contributors xi
SAMRA, J.S.
National Rainfed Area Authority
Government of India
NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi-110012, India
SHARMA, K.D.
National Rainfed Area Authority
Government of India, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, PUSA,
New Delhi-110012, India
SHARMA, KIRAN K.
Genetic Transformation Laboratory
ICRISAT
Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
SHARMA, K.L.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Santoshnagar, Hyderabad-500059
Andhra Pradesh, India
SINGH, DHANWINDER
Department of Soils
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
SINGH, KULDEEP
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana 141 004, India
SINGH, PIARA
ICRISAT
Patancheru, 502 324
Andhra Pradesh, India
SINGH, VIJAY P.
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX 77843, USA
SRINIVAS, K.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Santoshnagar, Hyderabad-500059, Andhra Pradesh, India
STEWART, B.A.
Dryland Agriculture Institute
West Texas A&M University
Canyon, TX 79016, USA
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