Wastewater Bacteria (Wastewater Microbiology) PDF
Preview Wastewater Bacteria (Wastewater Microbiology)
Wastewater Bacteria Michael H. Gerardi Water Pollution Biology Williamsport,Pennsylvania A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Wastewater Bacteria WASTEWATER MICROBIOLOGY SERIES Editor Michael H.Gerardi Nitrification and Denitrification in the Activated Sludge Process Michael H.Gerardi Settleability Problems and Loss of Solids in the Activated Sludge Process Michael H.Gerardi The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters Michael H.Gerardi Wastewater Pathogens Michael H.Gerardi and Mel C.Zimmerman Wastewater Bacteria Michael H.Gerardi Wastewater Bacteria Michael H. Gerardi Water Pollution Biology Williamsport,Pennsylvania A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright © 2006 by John Wiley & Sons,Inc.All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanning,or otherwise,except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act,without either the prior written permission of the Publisher,or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center,Inc.,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923,(978) 750-8400,fax (978) 750-4470,or on the web at www.copyright.com.Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,111 River Street,Hoboken,NJ 07030,(201) 748-6011,fax (201) 748-6008,or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty:While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book,they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.You should consult with a professional where appropriate.Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages,including but not limited to special,incidental,consequential,or other damages. For general information on our other products and services or for technical support,please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974,outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats.Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats.For more information about Wiley products,visit our web site at www.wiley.com. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData: Gerardi,Michael H. Wastewater bacteria / Michael H.Gerardi. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-471-20691-0 (cloth :alk.paper) ISBN-10: 0-471-20691-1 (cloth :alk.paper) 1. Sewage sludge digestion. 2. Anaerobic bacteria. I. Title. TD769.G48 2006 628.3′54—dc22 2005031921 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Rani Harrison The author extends his sincere appreciation to joVanna Gerardi for computer support and Cristopher Noviello for artwork used in this text. Contents PREFACE ix PART I BACTERIAAND THEIR ENVIRONMENT 1 1 Wastewater Microorganisms 3 2 Microbial Ecology 11 3 Bacteria 19 4 Bacterial Groups 33 5 Bioaugmentation 41 6 Pathogenic Bacteria 49 PART II ENZYMES AND BACTERIAL GROWTH 53 7 Enzymes 55 8 Hydrolytic Bacteria 59 9 Bacterial Growth 65 PART III NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND SULFUR BACTERIA 75 10 Nitrifying Bacteria 77 11 Denitrifying Bacteria 91 vii viii CONTENTS 12 Poly-P Bacteria 103 13 Sulfur-Oxidizing and Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria 117 PART IV FLOC FORMATION 133 14 Floc-Forming Bacteria 135 15 Filamentous Bacteria 143 PART V FERMENTATION AND METHANE PRODUCTION 153 16 Fermentative Bacteria 155 17 Methane-Forming Bacteria 161 PART VI TOXICITY 165 18 Septage 167 19 Toxicity 173 PART VII FOAM AND MALODOR PRODUCTION 211 20 Microbial Foam 213 21 Biological Malodors 223 22 Atmospheric Inversions 231 REFERENCES 235 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 239 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND ELEMENTS 241 GLOSSARY 245 INDEX 251
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