Waste Water - Treatment Technologies and Recent Analytical Developments

205 Pages·2013·7.558 MB·English

by  Fernando Sebastian García Einschlag and Luciano Carlos

WASTE WATER
TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGIES
AND
RECENT ANALYTICAL
DEVELOPMENTS
Edited by Fernando Sebastian García
Einschlag and Luciano Carlos

WASTE WATER -
TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGIES AND
RECENT ANALYTICAL
DEVELOPMENTS
Edited by Fernando Sebastian García
Einschlag and Luciano Carlos
Waste Water - Treatment Technologies and Recent Analytical Developments
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/3443
Edited by Fernando Sebastian García Einschlag and Luciano Carlos
Contributors
Asli Baysal, Helena Zlámalová Gargošová, Milada Vávrová, Josef Čáslavský, Wu, Suresh Kumar Kailasa, Feng Wang,
Huang, Zoran Stevanovic, Radmila Markovic, Jelenka Savkovic-Stevanovic, Sunday Paul Bako, Ebru Yesim Ozkan, Baha
Buyukisik, Ugur Sunlu, Eduardo Robson Duarte, Fernado Colen, Fernando Sebastián García Einschlag, Luciano Carlos,
Mónica González, Daniel Martire
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2013 InTech
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Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those
of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published
chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the
use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.
Publishing Process Manager Iva Lipovic
Technical Editor InTech DTP team
Cover InTech Design team
First published January, 2013
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Waste Water - Treatment Technologies and Recent Analytical Developments, Edited by Fernando
Sebastian García Einschlag and Luciano Carlos
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0882-5

Contents
Preface VII
Section 1 Management and Remediation Technologies 1
Chapter 1 Waste Water Management Systems 3
Jelenka Savković-Stevanović
Chapter 2 Mine Waste Water Management in the Bor Municipality in
Order to Protect the Bor River Water 41
Zoran Stevanović , Ljubiša Obradović, Radmila Marković, Radojka
Jonović , Ljiljana Avramović, Mile Bugarin and Jasmina Stevanović
Chapter 3 Applications of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Heavy Metal
Removal from Wastewater 63
Luciano Carlos, Fernando S. García Einschlag, Mónica C. González
and Daniel O. Mártire
Chapter 4 The Effect of Solar Radiation in the Treatment of Swine
Biofertilizer from Anaerobic Reactor 79
Josélia Fernandes Oliveira Tolentino, Fernando Colen, Eduardo
Robson Duarte, Anna Christina de Almeida, Keila Gomes Ferreira
Colen, Rogério Marcos de Souza and Janderson Tolentino Silveira
Section 2 Analysis and Evaluation of Environmental Impact 97
Chapter 5 Recent Developments on Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis
of Pesticides in Wastewater 99
Suresh Kumar Kailasa, Hui-Fen Wu* and Shang-Da Huang*
Chapter 6 Selected Pharmaceuticals and Musk Compounds in
Wastewater 121
Helena Zlámalová Gargošová, Josef Čáslavský and Milada Vávrová
VI Contents
Chapter 7 Determination of Trace Metals in Waste Water and Their
Removal Processes 145
Asli Baysal, Nil Ozbek and Suleyman Akman
Chapter 8 Nutrient Fluxes and Their Dynamics in the Inner Izmir Bay
Sediments (Eastern Aegean Sea) 173
Ebru Yesim Ozkan, Baha Buyukisik and Ugur Sunlu
Chapter 9 Effects of Sewage Pollution on Water Quality of Samaru
Stream, Zaria, Nigeria 189
Yahuza Tanimu, Sunday Paul Bako and Fidelis Awever Tiseer
Preface
The generation of wastes as a result of human activities has been continuously speeding up
since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Waste water is very often discharged to
fresh waters and results in changing ecological performance and biological diversity of these
systems. Consequently, the environmental impact of foreign chemicals on water ecosystems
and the associated long-term effects are of major international concern. This makes both
waste water treatment and water quality monitoring very important issues.
The main sources of waste water can be classified as municipal, industrial and agricultural.
Depending on the nature of the waste water, effluents may have high contents of harmful
organic compounds, heavy metals and hazardous biological materials. Heavy metals are re‐
leased during mining and mineral processing as well as from several industrial waste water
streams. On the other hand, large quantities of organic pollutants such as polychlorinated
biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated di‐
benzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans have been released to the environment especially dur‐
ing the last 50 years. Furthermore, relatively new organic substances, namely pharmaceuti‐
cals, cosmetics and endocrine disrupting chemicals, have been found in natural waters close
to urban sites in the last 15 years and are now viewed as emerging contaminants. Finally,
raw sewage can carry a number of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fun‐
gi.
The book offers an interdisciplinary collection of topics concerning waste water treatment
technologies and the evaluation of waste water impact on natural environments. The chap‐
ters were invited by the publisher and the authors are responsible for their statements. The
book is divided into two sections: the chapters grouped in the first section are mainly con‐
cerned with management and remediation technologies, while the chapters grouped in the
second section are mainly focused on analytical techniques and the evaluation of environ‐
mental impact. The first section covers basic knowledge concerning the most frequently
used waste water treatment technologies. The suitability of different techniques according to
the nature of the effluent to be treated is discussed taking into account advantages and
drawbacks. The chapters grouped in the second section of the book cover several aspects of
modern techniques for the analysis of trace pollutants. Monitoring of water quality is re‐
quired to assess the effects of pollution sources on aquatic ecosystems. Sensitive and selec‐
tive techniques, often necessary for the evaluation of the effects of waste water streams on
natural waters, are comprehensive overviewed.
VIII Preface
We hope that this publication will be helpful for graduate students, environmental profes‐
sionals and researchers of various disciplines related to waste water. We would like to ac‐
knowledge the authors, who are from different countries, for their contributions to the book.
We wish to offer special thanks to the Publishing Process Managers for their important help
throughout the publishing process.
Fernando S. García Einschlag and Luciano Carlos
Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA),
CCT-La Plata CONICET,
Universidad Nacional de La Plata,
La Plata, Argentina
Section 1
Management and Remediation Technologies