Warfare and Culture in World History, Second Edition PDF
Preview Warfare and Culture in World History, Second Edition
Warfare and Culture in World History Warfare and Culture in World History Second Edition Edited by Wayne E. Lee NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York www.nyupress.org © 2020 by New York University All rights reserved References to Internet websites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor New York University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lee, Wayne E., 1965– editor. Title: Warfare and culture in world history / edited by Wayne E. Lee. Description: Second edition. | New York : New York University Press, [2020] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019039487 | ISBN 9781479800001 (cloth) | ISBN 9781479862436 (paperback) | ISBN 9781479842216 (ebook) | ISBN 9781479844265 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Military art and science—History. | War and society—History. | Political culture—History. | Military history. Classification: LCC U27 .W345 2020 | DDC 355.0209—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019039487 New York University Press books are printed on acid- free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. We strive to use environmentally responsible suppli- ers and materials to the greatest extent possible in publishing our books. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Also available as an ebook Contents List of Maps and Figures vii Preface to the Second Edition ix 1. Warfare and Culture 1 Wayne E. Lee 2. The Last Campaign: The Assyrian Way of War and the Collapse of the Empire 19 Sarah C. Melville 3. Disciplining Octavian: A Case Study of Roman Military Culture, 44– 30 BCE 44 Lee L. Brice 4. Herding the Enemy: Culture in Nomadic Warfare 72 Timothy May 5. How Spanish Was the Spanish Conquest? Reexamining Spanish Success in the New World 101 James B. Wood 6. Of Bureaucrats and Bandits: Confucianism and Antirebel Strategy at the End of the Ming Dynasty 123 Kenneth M. Swope 7. The Battle Culture of Forbearance, 1660– 1789 154 John A. Lynn II 8. Success and Failure in Civil War Armies: Clues from Organizational Culture 182 Mark Grimsley 9. Imagining African Warfare: War Games and Military Cultures in German East Africa 212 Michelle Moyd v vi | Contents 10. German Military Culture and the Colonial War in Southwest Africa, 1904– 1907 240 Isabel V. Hull 11. Connecting Culture and the Battlefield: Britain and the Empire Fight the Hundred Days 266 David Silbey 12. The American Culture of War in the Age of Artificial Limited War 289 Adrian R. Lewis About the Contributors 335 Index 339 Maps and Figures Maps The Assyrian heartland, ca. 640 BCE 20 The central Mediterranean during the late Roman Republic 45 The Mongol Empire in 1216 73 Seventeenth- century Ming China 124 Schutztruppe deployment map, German East Africa 213 German Southwest Africa 241 Figures Figure 9.1. Askaris and auxiliaries on parade ground 222 vii Preface to the Second Edition War suffuses human history, and it very likely suffused much of human prehistory as well. Creating a book designed to cover even a fraction of that experience is a major challenge in case selection. We are grateful to New York University Press and our editor there, Clara Platter, for allow- ing us to expand our original selection of cases for this new edition. One concern about the original volume was that too much of it remained generally Western. We now add important new work on the Mongols, on Spanish and Aztec views of the “Conquest” in Mexico, and on the entangled military cultures in Germany’s East African colonies. Most of the original essays remain unchanged, but Sarah C. Melville has updated some of her references, especially in respect to new archaeological work within the Assyrian domains. In addition, Adrian R. Lewis significantly expanded his essay to deal with new analyses of race and gender, as well as some recent data on the recruitability of Americans. His essay has also changed to reflect ongoing conflicts. My introductory chapter has been heavily rewritten but hews to the spirit of the original in laying out five different “levels” of cultural analysis and in relying primarily on this book’s chapters as the primary examples for each level. The revised chap- ter 1 now also discusses some other surveys of cultural military history, and of course it incorporates the new contributions by Timothy May, James B. Wood, and Michelle Moyd. We hope this volume continues to broaden our understanding of the complexity of warfare, a habit that humans have yet to unlearn or discard. ix
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