War and Literature: Commiserating with the Enemy PDF
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W a r a n d L it e r a t u r e • R a c h e l M c C o p p in War and Literature Commiserating with the Enemy Edited by Rachel McCoppin Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Humanities www.mdpi.com/journal/humanities War and Literature War and Literature: Commiserating with the Enemy SpecialIssueEditor RachelMcCoppin MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade SpecialIssueEditor RachelMcCoppin UniversityofMinnesotaCrookston USA EditorialOffice MDPI St.Alban-Anlage66 4052Basel,Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Humanities (ISSN 2076-0787) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ humanities/specialissues/warliterature) Forcitationpurposes,citeeacharticleindependentlyasindicatedonthearticlepageonlineandas indicatedbelow: LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber, PageRange. ISBN978-3-03921-910-0(Pbk) ISBN978-3-03921-911-7(PDF) (cid:2)c 2019bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications. ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons licenseCCBY-NC-ND. Contents AbouttheSpecialIssueEditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Prefaceto”WarandLiterature:CommiseratingwiththeEnemy” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix KarolZielin´ski WomenasVictimsofWarinHomer’sOralPoetics Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,141,doi:10.3390/h8030141 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 BhushanAryal The Rhetoric of Krishna versus the Counter-Rhetoric of Vyas: The Place of Commiseration intheMahabharat Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,154,doi:10.3390/h8040154 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 YousefDeikna LucyHutchinsonandMargaretCavendish:CivilWarandEnemyCommiseration Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,43,doi:10.3390/h8010043 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 DanielleJohannesen DepictionsofAmericanIndiansinGeorgeArmstrongCuster’sMyLifeonthePlains Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,56,doi:10.3390/h8010056 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 DavidPoynor MeetingtheEnemyinWorldWarIPoetry:CognitiveDissonanceasaVehicleforTheme Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,30,doi:10.3390/h8010030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 MichaelSarnowski EnemyEncountersintheWarPoetryofWilfredOwen,KeithDouglas,andRandallJarrell Reprintedfrom:Humanities2018,7,89,doi:10.3390/h7030089 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 DarioMarcucci Enemy and Officers in Emilio Lussu’s Unannosull’Altipiano Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,26,doi:10.3390/h8010026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 AllisonHaas Two1916s:SebastianBarry’sALongLongWay Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,60,doi:10.3390/h8010060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 RobertT.TallyJr. DemonizingtheEnemy,Literally:Tolkien,Orcs,andtheSenseoftheWorldWars Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,54,doi:10.3390/h8010054 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 DavidBeard HowCanYouNotShout,NowThattheWhisperingIsDone? AccountsoftheEnemyinUS, Hmong,andVietnameseSoldiers’LiteraryReflectionsontheWar Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,172,doi:10.3390/h8040172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 StephanieCallan TheMakingofaTerrorist:ImaginingCombatants’PointsofViewinTroublesLiterature Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,27,doi:10.3390/h8010027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 v StevenK.Johnson Translating the Enemy in the ‘Terp’: Three Representations in Contemporary Afghan WarFiction Reprintedfrom:Humanities2019,8,63,doi:10.3390/h8020063 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 vi Preface to ”War and Literature: Commiserating with the Enemy” Thetopicofwarandliteraturehasreceivedmuchcriticalattention;however,thisSpecialIssue focusesspecificallyonliterarytextsthatdiscussthetopicofcommiserationwiththe“enemy”within warliterature. ThearticlesincludedinthisSpecialIssueshowauthorsand/orliterarycharacters attemptingtounderstandthemotives,beliefs,culturalvalues,etc. ofthosewhohavebeendefined by their nations as their enemies. This process of attempting to understand the orientation of defined “enemies” often shows that the soldier has begun a process of reflection about why he orsheispartofthewarexperience. Thetextsincludedinthisissuearearrangedchronologically bytheirconnectiontoaparticularwar. Thetwoarticles: “WomenasVictimsofWarinHomer’s Oral Poetics” by Karol Zielin´ski and “The Rhetoric of Krishna versus the Counter-Rhetoric of Vyas: ThePlaceofCommiserationintheMahabharat”byBhushanAryalshowtheexistenceofthe themeofcommiserationforone’sproposedenemyevenwithinancienttexts. BothYousefDeikna’s “LucyHutchinsonandMargaretCavendish: CivilWarandEnemyCommiseration”andDanielle Johannesen’s“DepictionsofAmericanIndiansinGeorgeArmstrongCuster’sMyLifeonthePlains” depict the issue of the topic within works of the Civil War era within America. Within the war poetryproducedduringWorldWarI,againthetopicofcontemplationandthencommiserationfor thosewhohavebeenidentifiedastheenemyisanalyzedinDavidPoynor’s“MeetingtheEnemyin WorldWarIPoetry:CognitiveDissonanceasaVehicleforTheme”andMichaelSarnowski’s“Enemy EncountersintheWarPoetryofWilfredOwen,KeithDouglas,andRandallJarrell.”DarioMarcucci’s article“EnemyandOfficersinEmilioLussu’sUnannosull’Altipiano”alsoaddressestheissuetopic fromtheperspectiveoftheAlpineFrontwithinWorldWarI.AllisonHaas’“Two1916s: Sebastian Barry’sALongLongWay”focusesonbothWorldWarIandthe1916EasterRisinginIrelandby examiningSebastianBarry’s2005novel,ALongLongWay. Thethemeofcommiserationforone’s enemyisalsoshowntobeapartofWorldWarIIliterature,asdiscussedinthearticle“Demonizing theEnemy, Literally: Tolkien, Orcs, andtheSenseoftheWorldWars”byRobertT.Tally, Jr.; itis alsofoundintheliteratureoftheVietnamWar,asdiscussedbyDavidBeardin“HowCanYouNot Shout,NowThattheWhisperingIsDone? AccountsoftheEnemyinUS,Hmong,andVietnamese Soldiers’ Literary Reflections on the War.” Additionally, Stephanie Callan’s “The Making of a Terrorist:ImaginingCombatants’PointsofViewinTroublesLiterature”furthershowstheexistence oftheissuewithintheliteratureaddressingtheconflictbetweenProtestantloyalistsandCatholic nationalistsduringtheTroubles(1968–1998)erawithinIreland.Finally,theissueisalsopresentedin StevenK.Johnson’s“TranslatingtheEnemyinthe‘Terp’: ThreeRepresentationsinContemporary AfghanWarFiction,”showingthattheconceptofcommiserationforone’senemyisstillapparent in contemporary war literature. By analyzing literature from ancient to contemporary times, the articles within this collection show that when an author and/or literary character reflects against state-supported definitions of good/evil, right/wrong, and ally/enemy, the texts then present audiencesanopportunitytoreevaluateboththepurposesofwarandone’smoralresponsibility ix duringwartime. Asthethreatofwarisaconsistentrealityinourcontemporaryera,itisimportant toacknowledgetheliterarytextsthatreflectuponthepoliticalmanipulationofbeliefduringwartime andhowitmaycauseonetoembraceintolerancetowardsothersbymaintainingtheirdesignationas theenemy. RachelMcCoppin SpecialIssueEditor x
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