Voices of Israel SUNY Series in Modern Jewish Literature and Culture Sarah Blacher Cohen, editor Voices of Israel Essays on and Interviews with Yehuda Amichai A.B. Yehoshua T. Carmi Aharon Appelfeld and Amos Oz Joseph Cohen State University of New York Press Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 1990 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address State University of New York Press, State University Plaza, Albany, N.Y., 12246 Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data Cohen, Joseph, 1926— Voices of Israel: essays on and interviews with Yehuda Amichai, A.B. Yehoshua, T. Carmi, Aharon Appelfeld, and Amos Oz / Joseph Cohen. p. cm.—(SUNY series in modern Jewish literature and culture) Bibliography: p. 213. Includes index. ISBN 0791402436.—ISBN 0791402444 (pbk.) 1. Authors, Israeli—Interviews. 2. Israeli literature—History and criticism. I. Amichai, Yehuda. II. Title. III. Series. PI5014.C64 1990 892.4´09006—dc20 8911512 CIP 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Ruth Contents Acknowledgments ix Preface xiii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Yehuda Amichai 9 Chapter 2: A. B. Yehoshua 45 Chapter 3: T. Carmi 81 Chapter 4: Aharon Appelfeld 107 Chapter 5: Amos Oz 141 Conclusion 193 Notes 197 Selected Bibliography 213 Index 219 Page ix Acknowledgments I am happy to acknowledge my indebtedness to those who helped to bring this book into existence. Foremost among them are the five Israeli writers, Yehuda Amichai, A.B. Yehoshua, T. Carmi, Aharon Appelfeld and Amos Oz who not only willingly consented to being interviewed when the Jewish Studies Program of Tulane University brought them to New Orleans but who subsequently responded to my requests for further information, reviewed texts, and offered suggestions and encouragement all the way. For her help in arranging the visits to Tulane, I wish to thank Ruth Wheat of the B'nai B'rith Lecture Bureau in New York. After the final interview was taped in 1986, the task of transcribing all of them fell to Margaret L. (Maggie) Wittke, the Jewish Studies Program secretary. They were not easy tapes to work with, given softspoken accented voices amidst varying background noises, to say nothing of the widely ranging and often changing and challenging subject matter, but Maggie worked her way through them, putting successive drafts into the office computer. Hers was a Herculean effort, superbly accomplished, and I am pleased to acknowledge my enormous indebtedness to her. When the first version, consisting of the interviews and brief introductions was complete, it was read by several other Jewish Studies colleagues (and cherished friends), David Goldstein and his wife, Shoshanah. Their encouragement was an imperative to proceed. And in the final stages of the work, Alan AveryPeck, who succeeded me as director of the Jewish Studies Program, has shared his biblical expertise and knowledge of Israel and has been helpful in other supportive ways for which I am grateful. I appreciate the support of the Jewish Studies Program in underwriting costs incurred on the way to production. For other secretarial and wordprocessing help, I owe thanks to Paula B. Rault and Sandra Haro, with the assistance of Mildred M. Gillespie and Rosemary K. Eddins of the Tulane English Department. Additional encouragement came from Sarah Blacher Cohen, the editor of the SUNY Series in Modern Jewish Literature and Culture, and to her and Page x her colleagues at the State University of New York Press, particularly editors Carola Sautter and Diane Ganeles, I express my deep appreciation for their professionalism, sophistication, courtesy, and interest in guiding this work into print. I am grateful also to their several anonymous expert readers whose gentle but firm prodding convinced me to extend the scope of the book to include fullscale analytical essaus about the Israeli writers and their oeuvre. One of them gave me a B+ for the early version; now, I hope to get an A. It was the poet Dannie Abse who taught me much about the art of interviewing. I am glad to have the opportunity here to thank him, particularly for teaching me the cardinal rule of never out talking the interviewee. The one who has shared this experience with me closely from the first word to the last one is my wife, Ruth. My most stringent but lovingly sympathetic critic, she is the best informed and most sensitive expert grammarian/wordsmith it has ever been my good fortune to encounter. In her sustained and perceptive love of literature, nurtured through careers in anthropology and the law, she insists that standards in the language are never to be compromised. Whatever respectability my prose has achieved, I owe to her. The interview "A Conversation With Aharon Appelfeld" is reprinted by permission from the late Trude WeissRosmarin, Editor and Publisher, The Jewish Spectator. The interview "A Conversation With Amos Oz" is reprinted by permission from Ernest L. Weiss, Editor and Publisher, Judaica Book News. Acknowledgment is made to the following individuals and publishers for permission to reprint materials in this book: Yehuda Amichai. Excerpts from Selected Poetry of Yehuda Amichai, by Yehuda Amichai, ed. and trans. by Chana Bloch and Stephen Mitchell, copyright 1986, English translation copyright 1986 by Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., reprinted by permission of Yehuda Amichai, Stephen Mitchell, Chana Bloch and the publisher. Excerpts from Not of This Time, Not of This Place, by Yehuda Amichai, copyright 1963 by Schocken Publishing Ltd., English translation copyright 1968 by Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., reprinted by permission of Yehuda Amichai and the publisher. Excerpts from "Yehuda Amichai: An Interview By David Montenegro," The American Poetry Review, copyright 1987, reprinted by permission of David Montenegro. Aharon Appelfeld. Excerpts from Badenheim 1939, by Aharon Appelfeld, copyright 1980, English translation copyright 1980 by David R. Godine, Publisher, reprinted by permission of the publisher. Excerpts from The Age of Wonders, by Aharon Appelfeld, copyright 1981, English translation copyright 1981 by David R. Godine, Publisher and Wallace Literary Agency, Inc., reprinted by permission of the publisher and agent. Excerpts from Tzili The Story of a Life, by Aharon Appelfeld, copyright 1983, English translation copyright 1983 by E.P. Dutton and Wallace Literary Agency, Inc., reprinted by permission of the publisher and agent. Excerpts from The Retreat, by Aharon Appelfeld, copyright 1984, English translation copyright 1984 by E.P. Dutton Page xi and Quartet Books Ltd., reprinted by permission of the publishers and the Wallace Literary Agency, Inc. Excerpts from The Immortal Bartfuss, by Aharon Appelfeld, copyright 1988, English translation copyright 1988 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson and the Wallace Literary Agency, Inc., reprinted by permission of the publisher and agent. Excerpts from "A Talk With Aharon Appelfeld," by Philip Roth, The New York Times Book Review, copyright 1988, reprinted by permission of Philip Roth. T. Carmi. Excerpts from The Brass Serpent, by T. Carmi, copyright 1964, reprinted by permission of T. Carmi. Excerpts from At the Stone of Losses, by T. Carmi, translated by Grace Schulman, copyright 1983, English translation copyright 1983 by Jewish Publication Society of America/The University of California Press, reprinted by permission of T. Carmi, Grace Schulman and the publishers. Excerpts from The Penguin Book of Hebrew Verse, ed. and trans. by T. Carmi, copyright 1981, English translation copyright 1981 by Penguin Books Ltd, reprinted by permission of the publisher. Excerpts from Modern Hebrew Poetry A Bilingual Anthology by Ruth Finer Mintz, copyright 1966, English translation copyright 1966 by The University of California Press, reprinted by permission of the publisher. Excerpts from Justine, by Lawrence Durrell, copyright 1957, E.P. Dutton and Faber and Faber Ltd, reprinted by permission of the publishers. Excerpt from Balthazar, by Lawrence Durrell, copyright 1958, E.P. Dutton and Curtis Brown & John Farquharson, reprinted by permission of the publisher and agents. Excerpts from Birds, Beasts and Flowers, by D.H. Lawrence, copyright 1974, Haskell House Publishers, reprinted by permission of Viking Penguin, Inc. Excerpt from Under the Volcano, by Malcolm Lowry, copyright 1947 by author, renewed copyright 1975 by Margerie Lowry, Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., reprinted by permission of the publisher. Excerpts from The Collected Poems of Wilfred Owen, by Wilfred Owen, ed. C. Day Lewis, copyright 1963, New Directions and Chatto and Windus, reprinted by permission of the estate of Wilfred Owen and the publishers. Amos Oz. Excerpts from My Michael, copyright 1968 by Amos Oz, English translation copyright 1968 by Amos Oz, reprinted by permission of Amos Oz, Vintage and Chatto & Windus. Excerpts from Elsewhere, Perhaps, by Amos Oz, copyright 1966 by Sifriat Poalim, English translation copyright 1973 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., reprinted by permission of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich and Martin Secker & Warburg. Excerpts from Touch the Water Touch the Wind, copyright 1973 by Amos Oz. English translation copyright 1974 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., reprinted by permission of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich and Chatto & Windus. Excerpts from Unto Death, copyright 1971 by Amos Oz, English translation copyright 1975, 1971 by Amos Oz, reprinted by permission of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. and
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