Viva in Biochemistry

489 Pages·2016·3.46 MB·English

VIVA IN
BIOCHEMISTRY

VIVA IN
BIOCHEMISTRY
SECOND EDITION
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea
BSc MBBS DCP MD (Biochemistry)
Ex-Professor and Head
Department of Biochemistry
Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
(Specialist in Pathology and Ex-Reader in Pathology)
Ex-Professor and Head
Department of Biochemistry
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana
Ex-Professor and Head
Department of Biochemistry
MGM’s Medical College, Aurangabad
Maharashtra, India
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Viva in Biochemistry
© 2010, MN Chatterjea
All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission
of the author and the publisher.
This book has been published on good faith that the material provided by author is original. Every effort is made to
ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and author will not be held responsible for any inadvertent
error (s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.
First Edition: 1999
Revised Reprint: 2004
Second Edition: 2010
ISBN 978-81-8448-825-8
Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit
Printed at
Preface to the Second Edition
I feel it a great pleasure and satisfaction to present the second
edition of Viva in Biochemistry (after a revised reprint in 2004), to my
beloved students and esteemed teachers. The book got a good
response from all quarters, some good words from different
professors also came. As pointed out in preface of first edition, the
book can be considered as a “companion” to my Textbook of Medical
Biochemistry. I hope the book will be of great help before examination
for quick and rapid revision.
The book has been revised, new questions and answers have
been put forward. A new chapter on “Acid Base Balance and
Imbalance” has been added.
I am confident that the second edition will fulfil the
requirements of the undergraduates and postgraduates to some
extent.
I sincerely thank to Shri Jitendar P Vij (Chairman and
Managing Director), Mr PG Bandhu (Director-Sales), and Mr Tarun
Duneja (Director-Publishing) of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi for their untiring work and keen
efforts to bring out the new edition.
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea

Preface to the First Edition
The discipline of Biochemistry has expanded by leaps and bounds.
It is now an independent and separate subject of examination for Ist
year MBBS students, in all medical colleges. The Medical Council of
India has revised the curriculum in Biochemistry, which is rather
increased but at the same time reduced the time period. Now the
students have to complete the syllabi in one year and face the
university examination.
Viva-voce examination constitutes a sizeable portion of total
marks in Biochemistry in university examination. This covers the
questions asked not only related to theory but also the table-viva
related to practical problems as well.
As a teacher and examiner in Biochemistry, I observed that the
students are usually not confident enough in answering the
questions accurately and to the point in viva-voce examination. The
students are nervous and shaky while in appearing the viva
examination. The reason is obvious, they have to study so much in
too short a time!
Keeping these problems of the students in mind, I have attempted
to prepare the book entitled Viva in Biochemistry. The book has been
made as companion to my Textbook of Medical Biochemistry. I have
attempted to prepare simple, short and accurate answers to the
questions generally asked in viva-voce examination in Bio-
chemistry. I am sure that by making appropriate use of this book, the
students will be able to face the viva and answer any question
asked, accurately and more confidently, to the complete satisfaction
of the examiners.
I hope the efforts put in by me in preparation of the book will not
go waste and the book will be appreciated and get a warm welcome
from the students.
In spite of careful and scrupulous preparation, it is likely that a
few mistakes might have crept in inadvertently. I shall welcome
viii Viva in Biochemistry
fruitful suggestions and constructive criticisms from the teachers in
Biochemistry and the students as well for betterment in future.
I am extremely grateful to Shri Jitendar P Vij (Chairman and
Managing Director) and Mr RK Yadav, Editorial Consultant and
staff members of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. for
their sincere, and untiring efforts to bring out the book.
Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea
Contents
1. Chemistry of Carbohydrates.....................................................1
2. Chemistry of Lipids and Eicosanoids....................................19
3. Chemistry of Proteins and Amino Acids...............................41
4. Immunoglobulins—Chemistry and Functions.....................62
5. Chemistry of Nucleotides and Nucleic Acid........................71
6. Chemistry of Enzymes .............................................................84
7. Biologic Oxidation....................................................................97
8. Chemistry of Hemoglobin and Hemoglobinopathies........108
9. Vitamins...................................................................................119
10. Heme—Synthesis and Catabolism.......................................154
11. Digestion and Absorption.....................................................165
12. Metabolism of Carbohydrates...............................................181
13. Metabolism of Lipids .............................................................219
14. Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids ..........................252
15. Metabolism of Nucleoproteins..............................................287
16. Detoxication............................................................................299
17. Metabolism of Minerals .........................................................308
18. Hormones: Chemistry and Functions..................................334
19. Protein Synthesis, DNA Replication and DNA
Recombinant Technology......................................................373
20. Chemistry of Respiration.......................................................394
21. Biophysics...............................................................................404
22. Radioactivity: Radio-isotopes in Medicine.........................421
23. Clinical Enzymology..............................................................432
24. Biochemistry of Cancer..........................................................447
25. Acid Base Balance and Imbalance.......................................460