Visual Character of the Blue Ridge Parkway, Virginia and North Carolina PDF
Preview Visual Character of the Blue Ridge Parkway, Virginia and North Carolina
B 3 29.2: 62/5 Visual Character of the Blue Ridge Parkway Printedon recycled paper PUBLIC DOCUMENTS DEPOSITORY ITEM | NOV 1 9 1997 CLEMSGN LIBRARY Visual Character of the Blue Ridge Parkway Virginia and North Carolina United States Department of the Interior National Park Service CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Purpose ofthis Document 5 Background 7 Roads in America 9 Historical Overview 11 PARKWAYLOCATION The Resource Corridor 16 The Route 19 PARKWAY DESIGN Parkway Design Principles 29 Design Themes ofthe Blue Ridge Parkway 30 Preservation ofFarmlands 36 Retaining Farmlands by Innovative Techniques 42 Tailoring the Road to the Landscape 45 Geometric Design 48 OVERLOOKS AViewing Platform 63 The Promontories ofthe Parkway 73 BRIDGES Types ofBridge Structures 80 Bridges overRoads 82 Bridges overCreeks, Rivers, and Natural Features 98 The Linn Cove Viaduct 107 Future Considerations 110 Recommendations for Bridge Construction 112 TUNNELS Tunnel Construction 116 WALLS AND DRAINAGE Dry Stone Embankments 129 Masonry RetainingWall 130 Guidewalls and Guardrails 132 Drainage Structures 142 StoneCurbing 154 PARK BUILDINGS Peaks ofOtter 160 Rocky Knob Shelter 162 Groundhog Mountain ObservationTower 164 Cumberland Knob Shelter 167 Craggy Garden Picnic Shelter 170 PIONEER STRUCTURES Ramsey House 176 Johnson Farm 182 Mabry Mill 184 PuckettCabin 190 BrinegarCabin 193 Sheets Cabin 196 Jesse Brown Farmstead 198 BuckSpring Springhouse 200 ARCHITECTURALELEMENTS Scale and Massing 206 Chimneys 208 Roofs 209 Windows 210 vi Doors 212 Porches 217 Stairs and Walkways 220 FENCES AND GATES Fences 227 Gates 272 SITE DETAILS AND SIGNS Site Amenities 283 Stone Paving Patterns 286 Parkway Signs 288 APPENDIX: BLUE RIDGE PARKWAY FACTS 299 BIBLIOGRAPHY 300 PHOTOGRAPHY AND GRAPHIC CREDITS 307 INDEX 308 VII /amconvinced, asIknowyou are, thatensuring theprotection ofthe Blue Ridge Parkway into the 21st century will take our collective energy working togetherfor widespreadpublic support and action . . , topreserveAmerica'sfavorite drive andaddto the quality oflife. I leave you with the challenge tojoin with others to explore new ways to ensure that places like . . . the Blue Ridge Parkwayarepassedtofuturegenerationstoenjoy, toexplore, tolearnofnatureanda wayoflifethat hasmeantso much to each ofus. - Superintendentofthe Blue Ridge Parkway Gary Everhardt, 1995 vui
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