Visions and Strategies in European Integration: A North European Perspective PDF
Preview Visions and Strategies in European Integration: A North European Perspective
NS-RSA ERU NordicInstituteof TheNordicSectionof ExpertGroupon Regional Research the RegionalScience RegionalandUrban Association Studies Lars Lundqvist .Lars OlofPersson (Eds.) Visions and Strategies in European Integration A North European Perspective With 34 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New Yark London ParisTokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest ProfessorLarsLundqvist SeniorResearcherLarsOlofPersson ResearchGrouponRegional Analysis(FORA) DepartmentofRegionalPlanning TheRoyalInstituteofTechnology S-lOO44 Stockholm,Sweden ISBN-13:978-3-642-78180-3 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-78178-0 001: 10.1007/978-3-642-78178-0 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broad casting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinotherways,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthis publicationorpartsthereofisonlypermittedundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawof September9,1965,initsversionofJune24,1985,andacopyrightfeemustalwaysbepaid.Violations fallundertheprosecutionactoftheGermanCopyrightLaw. ©Springer-VerlagBerlin·Heidelberg1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 Theuseofregisterednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsence ofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulati onsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. 4217130-543210-Printedonacid-freepaper Preface This volume is based on contributions to a north-European regional science research conference, heldatSandbjerg Castle, Sooderborg, Denmark, in November 1991. The conference "Periphery strategies in European integration" was organized by the Nordic Section ofthe Regional Science Association (NS-RSA) with financial support from the Nordic InstituteofRegional Research (NordREFO). The local organization wasefficientlyhandled by AndreasCornettattheSouthernDenmarkBusinessSchool, SIc3nderborg. During the last few years thesituation in Northern Europe has drastically changed. As for the ongoing economic integration in Western Europe, 1993 is a seminal year with the realization oftheSingleEuropean Market and the European Economic Area Treaty. The Nordic non-EC member countries are starting negotiations for EC membership. At the same time profound economic and social transitions are taking place in Eastern Europe. If these processes prove to be successful, even wider potentials for European integration are opening up. The Baltic Sea area is strongly affected by all these changes. The region can be seen asa melting-potfor new potentialsand new interaction patterns. This is reflected in several recent initiatives to improve cooperation in the Baltic area. One early proponent ofincreased Baltic cooperation, the prime minister ofSchleswig-Holstein Bjorn Engholm officially greeted our conference, emphasizing the new opportunities for Baltic cooperation in the economic, cultural and environmental fields. The Sandbjerg conference was the first in a series of north-European regional science meetings aiming at improved research contacts and new research efforts with a focus on the development in the Nordic and Baltic regions. The initiatives to arrange such meetings stem from Professor Karin Peschel, Kiel, and the Nordic Section of the Regional ScienceAssociation. Asecond meeting was recently held inKiel anda third meeting is planned to take place in Gdansk in April 1994. Theediting andpublishing ofthis volume has been supportedby the ~xpert Group on Regional and Urban Studies (ERU) within the Ministry ofLabour, Sweden, and theNordicInstituteofRegional Research (NordREFO). Theselectionofcontributions for this book was discussed among the session coordinators of the Sandbjerg VI Preface conference, Jan Mmmesland, Inge SofieSlMensen and the editors. A second volume will be published by NordREFO. Jennifer Wundersitz has suggested numerous improvements of the language and has assisted in efforts to achieve editorial homogeneity. The extremely efficient editorial work of our secretary, Ingrid Johansson, is gratefully acknowledged. Stockholm, January 1993 Lars Lundqvist Lars OlofPersson Contents 1 Visions and Strategies in European Integration - An Introduction 1 Lars Lundqvist and Lars Olof Persson Part I INTEGRATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 17 2 Perspectives ofRegional Economic Development Around the Baltic 19 Karin Peschel 3 Regional Development in Western Europe: A Mosaic Model 32 Sven Illeris 4 Regionalism or Federalism? Two Visions ofa New Europe 51 Noralv Veggeland 5 European Integration and the Effects on Regional Development in Norway 61 Knut Halvorsen Part II INTEGRATION IN THE NETWORK ECONOMY 79 6 European Integration and Foreign Investment: The Regional Implications 81 John Bachtler, Keith Clement and Philip Raines 7 Empirical Investigations ofPolitical Interregional Economic Development 97 Sakari Jutila and Wilbur R. Maki VIII Contents 8 Commercial Relations in the Baltic Rim Region in an Integration/Network Perspective 107 Andreas P. Cornett and S0ren P. Iversen 9 Location and Internationalization ofSmall Finns 131 Poul Rind Christensen and LeifLindmark Part ill INTEGRATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY153 10 What about Nature in Regional Science? 155 Torsten Hagerstrand 11 Baltic Region Integration in & through Modelling: Perception, Wishes and Realities 162 Jan W. Owsinski 12 Transport, Logistics, Environment and Integration in the Baltic Sea Area 175 Jussi Raumolin 13 Traffic and Environment in Nordic Capitals 193 Lars Lundqvist Part IV PERIPHERIES AND BORDER REGIONS IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION 207 14 Ways to Develop the Competitiveness ofthe Periphery: The Example ofIreland 209 Micheal 6 Cinneide 15 Development Strategies in the Southern European Periphery: Comparisons with the Northern Periphery 225 Chris Jensen-Butler Contents IX 16 Changing Images ofthe Periphery 245 Lars OlofPersson 17 The German-Danish Border Region: Does the Border Matter and Can It Be Overcome? 260 Christiane Krieger-Boden Author index 279 Subject index 283 Contributors 287 1 Visions and Strategies in European Integration - an Introduction Lars Lundqvist Lars OlofPersson DepartmentofRegional Planning TheRoyal InstituteofTechnology S-loo44Stockholm, Sweden 1.1 A North-European Perspective With the fall ofthe Soviet Union and ofthe German Democratic Republic, with the establishment ofthe new Baltic states and with the Swedish, Finnish and Norwegian applications for membership ofthe Ee, the first years ofthe 1990'sbecame political andeconomicturningpoints for mostcountries in northern Europe. Itisprobablytrue to say that noneofthesechanges resulted from visionsand strategiesthat hadevolved systematically or according to public discussions and analysis in the respective nations. Rather, they were the resultsofprocesses that hadgraduallyeroded thebasis for theexistingpoliticalpositionsand institutions. Itsuddenly seemed appropriatethat the long period of strong political separation between the eastern and western sides ofthe Baltic Rim and the less strong economic separation between the northern and southern sides should soon bereplaced by far-reaching integration. Atthe same time, the new transparency and theinternationalization ofinformation systems has revealed regional problems and interregional imbalances - both in economic and ecological terms - that were not widely recognized or understood before. While those who anticipated rapid changes in terms of economic growth and the reinforcement'of democracy have yet to see such changes occur, there is no doubt that as integration proceeds in several fields, changes will occur in most regions in northern Europe. Although - and because - the amplitude and the composition of these changes are still difficult to foresee, there is a growing interest amongst both politicians and researchers to visualize and analyse the possible futures for different regions. The focus of this book is on visions and strategies in relation to the ongoing European integration process, especially from a spatialperspective. This focus on the internal redistribution and competition between European nations and regions should not, however, overshadow the main rationale and vision which inspires the whole process: i. e., to establish an effective common market for a form IOf production which is sustainable and fully competitive globally. From an external and long term perspective, theprocesses which arenow reshaping Europearedecisivefor thefuture global division oflabour - i. e., primarily between Europe, North America, Japan, L. Lundqvist and L.a. Persson (Eds.) Visions and Strategies in European Integration ©1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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