Video Research in the Learning Sciences PDF
Preview Video Research in the Learning Sciences
VIDEO RESEARCH IN THE LEARNING SCIENCES This page intentionally left blank VIDEO RESEARCH IN THE LEARNING SCIENCES Edited by Ricki Goldman New York University Roy Pea Brigid Barron Stanford University Sharon J. Denny University of Wisconsin–Madison First published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers 10 Industrial Avenue Mahwah, New Jersey 07430 This edition published by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor and Francis group an informa business Cover design byTomaiMaridou Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Videoresearchinthelearningsciences/editedbyRickiGoldman… [etal.]. p. cm. Includes biographical references and index. ISBN978-0-8058-5359-9—0-8058-5359-6(cloth) ISBN978-0-8058-5360-5—0-8058-5360-X(pbk.) ISBN978-1-4106-1619-7—1-4106-1619-3(ebook) 1.Televisionineducation. I.Goldman,Ricki. LB1044.7.V463 2006 371.33'58—dc22 2006038474 CIP Contents Preface ix RickiGoldman, Roy Pea, Brigid Barron, and Sharon J. Derry PART I Theoretical Frameworks Part I Cornerstone Chapter 1 Video Representations and thePerspectivityFramework: 3 Epistemology, Ethnography, Evaluation, and Ethics RickiGoldman 2 Video Epistemology In-and-Outside the Box: Traversing 39 Attentional Spaces JayLemke 3 From Video Cases to Video Pedagogy: A Framework for Video 53 Feedback and Reflection in Pedagogical Research Praxis FrançoisV.Tochon 4 Overwhelmed by the Image: The Role of Aesthetics in 67 EthnographicFilmmaking Michael T. Hayes 5 The Poetics and Pleasures of Video Ethnography of Education 77 Joseph Tobin andYehHsueh 6 Reflections on a Post-Gutenberg Epistemology for Video Use 93 in Ill-Structured Domains: Fostering Complex Learning and Cognitive Flexibility RandSpiro, Brian P. Collins, andAparnaRamchandran v vi Contents 7 Staying the Course With Video Analysis 101 Shelley Goldman and Ray McDermott 8 Epistemological Issues in the Analysis of Video Records: 115 Interactional Ethnography as a Logic of Inquiry Judith Green, AudraSkukauskaite, Carol Dixon, and Ralph Córdova 9 The Video Analyst’s Manifesto (or The Implications 133 ofGarfinkel’sPolicies for Studying Instructional Practice in Design-Based Research) TimothyKoschmann, GerryStahl, and AlanZemel 10 Ways of Seeing Video: Toward aPhenomenologyof Viewing 145 Minimally Edited Footage Frederick Erickson PART II Video Research on Peer, Family, and Informal Learning Part II Cornerstone Chapter 11 Video as a Tool to Advance Understanding of Learning 159 and Development in Peer, Family, and Other Informal Learning Contexts Brigid Barron 12 Examining Shared Endeavors by Abstracting Video Coding 189 Schemes With Fidelity to Cases CathyAngelillo, BarbaraRogoff, and PabloChavajay 13 Using Video Data to Capture Discontinuous Science Meaning 207 Making inNonschoolSettings Doris Ash 14 Expanding Studies of Family Conversations About Science 227 Through Video Analysis MaureenCallanan,AraceliValle, and MargaritaAzmitia 15 Progressive Refinement of Hypotheses in Video-Supported 239 Research RandiA.Engle, Faith R. Conant, and James G. Greeno Contents vii 16 Soft Leaders, Hard Artifacts, and the Groups We Rarely See: 255 Using Video to Understand Peer Learning Processes Cindy E.Hmelo-Silver, ElviraKati,AnandiNagarajan, andEllinaChernobilsky 17 Studying Dinosaur Learning on an Island of Expertise 271 Sasha D.Palmquistand Kevin Crowley 18 Social Interaction in Museums and Galleries: A Note on 287 Video-Based Field Studies DirkvomLehnand Christian Heath PART III Video Research on Classroom and Teacher Learning Part III Cornerstone Chapter 19 Video Research in Classroom and Teacher Learning 305 (Standardize That!) Sharon J. Derry 20 Learning From Classroom Video: What Makes it Compelling 321 and What Makes it Hard Kevin Miller 21 It’s not Video Anymore: Designing Digital Video for Learning 335 and Assessment Dan Schwartz and Kevin Hartman 22 Teachers’ Gestures as a Means of Scaffolding Students’ 349 Understanding: Evidence from an Early Algebra Lesson Martha W.Alibaliand Mitchell J. Nathan 23 Epistemic Mediation: Video Data as Filters for the Objectification 367 of Teaching by Teachers Wolff-Michael Roth 24 TheDevelopmentofTeachers’ProfessionalVisioninVideoClubs 383 MiriamSherin 25 Teaching in and Teaching From the Classroom: Using Video 397 and Other Media to Represent the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning DesireeH. Pointer Mace, Thomas Hatch, andToruIiyoshi viii Contents 26 Teachers as Designers: Pre and In-Service Teachers’ Authoring 411 of Anchor Video as a Means to Professional Development Anthony J.Petrosinoand Matthew J.Koehler PART IV Video Collaboratories and Technological Futures Part IV Cornerstone Chapter 27 Video Workflow in the Learning Sciences: Prospects 427 of Emerging Technologies for Augmenting Work Practices Roy Pea and EricHoffert 28 Toward a VideoCollaboratory 461 Ronald M.Baecker, DavidFono, and Peter Wolf 29 VideoPaper: Bridging Research and Practice For Preservice 479 and Experienced Teachers LindaBeardsley, DanCogan-Drew, andFedericaOlivero 30 Fostering Community Knowledge Sharing Using Ubiquitous 495 Records of Practice Barry J. Fishman 31 Orion™, An Online Digital Video Data Analysis Tool: Changing 507 our Perspectives as an Interpretive Community RickiGoldman 32 Integrated Temporal Multimedia Data (ITMD) Research System 521 Kenneth E. Hay andBeaumieKim 33 A Transcript-Video Database for Collaborative Commentary 537 in the Learning Sciences BrianMacWhinney 34 Capturing Ideas in Digital Things: A New Twist on the Old 547 Problem of Inert Knowledge Reed Stevens 35 Creating an Educational Research Visualization: Using 565 Visualizations as Scientific Warrants in the Earlier Research Phases RaulZaritsky Author Index 579 Subject Index 591 Preface VideoResearch in the LearningSciences aims to deepen our understandingof theory,methods,andpracticesforusingvideotoaddnewlayersofmeaningtoscholar- shipinthelearningsciences.Ourauthorsexplorethebreadthofworkunderwayinthe learningsciencesthatisdevotedtofosteringtheart,science,andpracticesofvideoasa wayofknowingaboutandsharinglearning,teaching,andeducationalprocesses.Asa community of authors using video, we seek to advance what takes place when re- searchersusevideotorecord,annotate,andreflectontheirworkwithteachersand learners in reflexive, epistemological, and hermeneutical collaborative learning en- deavors. Ourprimaryconcernistocontributebothtothescienceoflearningthroughin- depthvideostudiesofhumaninteractioninlearningenvironments—whetherinclass- roomsorothercontexts—andtheusesofvideoforcreatingdescriptive,explanatory, or expository accounts of learning and teaching. Our volume is dedicated to taking stockofthegrowingfieldandfrontiersofvideoresearch,boththeoreticallyandmeth- odologically,andtopushthetechnologicalenvelopeindesigningthenextgeneration of digital video tools. AUDIENCE VideoResearchintheLearningSciencesaddressesthekeytheoretical,method- ological,andtechnicaladvancesconcerningusesofdigitalvideo-as-datainthelearn- ing sciences that will serve as an intellectual guide. It is intended for university professors,graduatestudents,andanyoneinterestedinhowknowledgeisexpanded usingvideo-basedtechnologiesforinquiriesaboutlearningandteaching.Althoughwe designedthisbooktobecomeanimportantadditionwithineducationalresearchcir- cles,wealsohopethatscholarsinarangeofacademicfieldsforwhomdigitalvideouse isattractingresearcherattentionwillfindthisbookuseful(e.g.,culturalstudies).Asig- nificantproportionofthechaptersarealsoofrelevancetoteachereducatorsanduse- ful in teacher education courses, either preservice or in-service in nature. ix
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