Veterinary Entomology: Livestock and Companion Animals

377 Pages·2009·9.14 MB·English

by  Ralph E. Williams

VETERINARY
ENTOMOLOGY
Livestock and
Companion Animals
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VETERINARY
ENTOMOLOGY
Livestock and
Companion Animals
Ralph E. Williams
Purdue University
West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A.
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Williams, Ralph E. (Ralph Edward), 1949-
Veterinary entomology : livestock and companion animals / Ralph E. Williams.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-6849-8 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Veterinary entomology. 2. Insect pests--Control. 3. Livestock--Parasites. 4.
Domestic animals--Parasites. I. Title.
SF810.A3W556 2009
636.089’6968--dc22 2009039059
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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DeDication
I dedicate this book to my wife Jeanine and children Jason, Sarah, Amy,
Nicholas, and Clayton, and to the loving memory of my son John. I also
dedicate this book in the memory of Dr. R. C. Dobson who inspired me to
pursue a career in veterinary entomology, and to Dr. E. C. Turner, Jr. and
Dr. Jakie A. Hair, who provided me the opportunity to fulfill my goal in
this field. In addition, I dedicate this book to Dr. Fred Knapp and Dr. Jack
Campbell, who have been role models, mentors, and colleagues from whom
I have learned much throughout my career in veterinary entomology.
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contents
Dedication .............................................................................................................v
List of Illustrations ...............................................................................................ix
Preface ...............................................................................................................xvii
Acnowledgments ...............................................................................................xix
Introduction .......................................................................................................xxi
The Author .....................................................................................................xxvii
Chapter 1
Importance of Arthropods ...................................................................................1
Chapter 2
Principles of Arthropod Management ...............................................................11
Chapter 3
Flies (Diptera) .....................................................................................................33
Chapter 4
Myiasis.................................................................................................................71
Chapter 5
Lice (Order Phthiraptera) ...................................................................................91
Chapter 6
Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) ..............................................................................119
Chapter 7
Mites ..................................................................................................................133
Chapter 8
Ticks ..................................................................................................................165
Chapter 9
Other Arthropod Groups of Veterinary Importance ......................................193
vii
Contents
Chapter 10
Management of Cattle Pests (Range, Confinement, Dairy) ............................213
Chapter 11
Management of Swine Pests ............................................................................243
Chapter 12
Management of Sheep and Goat Pests ............................................................253
Chapter 13
Management of Poultry Pests ..........................................................................265
Chapter 14
Management of Equine Pests ...........................................................................289
Chapter 15
Management of Pet Pests .................................................................................305
Selected References for Further Reading ........................................................321
Index .................................................................................................................333
viii
List of iLLustrations
Figure 1.1 Economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold level
(ETL) over time and pest population density .....................................................8
Figure 1.2 Bos indicus and B. taurus cattle tick breed resistance
research .................................................................................................................9
Figure 2.1 Removing manure in an egglayer house pit ..............................14
Figure 2.2 Cow pasture .................................................................................15
Figure 2.3 Feedlot design ..............................................................................16
Figure 2.4 Electrical fly zapper .....................................................................16
Figure 2.5 Pteromalid wasp ..........................................................................18
Figure 2.6 Carcinops pumilio beetle ............................................................18
Figure 2.7 Spraying cattle with insecticide ..................................................22
Figure 2.8 Cattle dip vat ................................................................................24
Figure 2.9 Installing cattle insecticide-impregnated ear tags ......................25
Figure 2.10 Cattle insecticide dust bag ........................................................25
Figure 2.11 Cattle insecticide backrubber ...................................................26
Figure 2.12 Systemic insecticide spot-on treatment ....................................27
Figure 2.13 Cattle feed-additive treatment ...................................................27
Figure 2.14 Cattle insecticide bolus .............................................................28
Figure 2.15 Insecticide backpack sprayer ....................................................29
Figure 2.16 Truck-mounted ULV (ultra-low-volume) insecticide
sprayer .................................................................................................................29
ix