veda, publishing house of the slovak academy of sciences

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VEDA, PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
CHIEF EDITOR
IVAN DOLEŽAL
EXECUTIVE EDITOR
JOZEF GENZOR
EDITORIAL BOARD
JOZEF BLAŠKOVIČ
LADISLAV DROZDÍK
MARIÁN GÁLIK
BERTA KREBSOVÁ
VIKTOR KRÚPA
ASIAN A N D AFRICAN
STUDIES
DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
OF THE SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES BRATISLAVA
IX
1973
1974
VEDA, PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
BRATISLAVA
CURZON PRESS . LONDON
PUBLISHED OUTSIDE THE SOCIALIST COUNTRIES
SOLELY BY CURZON PRESS LTD . LONDON AND DUBLIN
SBN 7007 00447
© VEDA, VYDAVATEĽSTVO SLOVENSKEJ AKADÉMIE VIED, 1974
CONTENTS
Obituary
Berta Krebsová
Articles
Zbigniew S lup ski, The World of Shih T'o ........................................................................ 11
Marián Gálik, Studies in Modem Chinese Literary Criticism: VII. Liang Shih-ch’iu and
New Humanism.......................................................................................................................\ • 29
Anna Doležalová, The Short Stories in Creation Daily . . 53
Ján Múčka, Quelques remarques sur la prose réalistique vietnamienne....................................... 65
Kamil Baňák, Mohammad Mascüd “Tafrīhāt-e shab”—Analytical Approach to the Composi­
tion of the Novel ............................................................................................................................... 81
Harry Spitzbardt, The Lexical and Morphological Impact of Sanskrit on Modem
Indonesian ..............................................................................................................................................97
Viktor Krup a, Tane in the Easter Island Script................................. 115
Ladislav Drozdík, The Vowel System of Egyptian Colloquial Arabic.......................................121
Vojtech Kopöan, Eine Quelle der Geschichte Silihdärs ...................................................................129
Review Articles
Ema B ayerleová, Recent Studies on Ancient Chinese History............................. 143
Marián Gálik, A Comment on Recent Books on Chinese Literary Criticism...........................151
Georg Hazai, 10 Jahre der „Uralic and Altaic Series” der Indiana University Publications . 171
Marián Gálik, A Comment on Two Slovak Books on the Theory of Comparative Literature . . 175
Book Reviews
Henrik Birnbaum, Problems of Typological and Genetic Linguistics Viewed in a Generative
Framework. By Viktor Krupa......................... 187
Wallace L. Chafe, Meaning and the Structure of Language. By Viktor Krupa . . . . . . 188
E. Coseriu, Die Geschichte der Sprachphilosophie von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Von
Ján Horečky....................................................... 190
New Horizons in Linguistics. Ed. by John Lyons. By Viktor Krupa......................................192
Ernesto Zier er, The Theory of Graphs in Linguistics. By Viktor Krupa.................................194
Countries and Peoples of the Pacific Basin. Compiled and edited by Y. V. Maretin. By
Jozef Genzor......................................................................................................................................194
Okeaniya. By Jozef Genzor...............................................................................................................196
Samuel H. Elbert, Spoken Hawaiian. By Viktor Krupa ..................... 196
Albert J. Schutz, The Languages of Fiji. By Jozef Genzor................................................197
Stuart A. Schlegel, Tiruray-English Lexicon. By Jozef Genzor . 198
Yazyki Kitaya i Yugo-vostochnoi Azii. Problémy sintaksisa. By Viktor Krupa.............198
N. I. Nikulin, Vietnamskaya literatura. Kratkii ocherk. By Ján Múčka.................................199
Marianne Bastid, Aspects de la reforme de Venseignement en Chine au debut du 20e siede.
By Marián G álik...................................................................................................................................205
Anna Doležalová, Yii Ta-fu: Specific Traits of his Literary Creation. By Berta Krebsová . 206
The Legacy of China. Ed. by Raymond Dawson. By Marián Gálik.....................................211
Joseph R. Levenson, Revolution and Cosmopolitanism. The Western Stage and the Chinese
Stages. By Marián Gálik.......................................................................................................................213
Lawrence A. Schneider, Ku Chieh-kang and China's New History. Nationalism and the
Quest for Alternative Traditions. By Marián Gálik...................................................................216
Tai Chen's Inquiry into Goodness. A Translation of the Yuan Shan. By Marián Gálik . . .218
Linguistics in South Asia. By Jozef Genzor....................................................................................219
J. Duncan M. Derret, A Critique of Modern Hindu Law. By Leonard Bianchi....................220
Dariusch Bayat-Sarmadi, Erziehung und Bildung im Schahname von Firdousi. Von
Kamil Baňák............................................................................................................................................220
Walther Hinz, Persisch, Praktischer Sprachführer. Von Kamil Baňák.................................221
Angelo Michele Piemontese, Storia della letteratura persiana. By Kamil Baňák . . . . 223
Hans E. Wulff, The Traditional Crafts of Persia, Their Development, Technology, and
Influence on Eastern and Western Civilizations. By Kamil Baňák.....................................224
Studia Turcica. Edidit L. Ligeti. Von Georg Hazai .............................................. 226
Hadzy Mehmed Senai z Krymu, Historia Chana Islam Gereja III. Von Vojtech Kopcan . . . 228
Ferenc A. Váli, Bridge across the Bosporus. The Foreign Policy of Turkey. By Jozef Braun . 231
Heidrun Wurm, Der osmanische Historiker Hüseyn b. Gacfer, genannt Hezärfenn, und die
Istanbuler Gesellschaft in der zweiten Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Von Vojtech Kopcan . 233
Moderne türkische Lyrik. Von Xénia Celnarová......................... 235
Cahit Öztelli, Yunus Emre. Yeni Belgeler—Bilgiler. Von Xénia Celnarová........................238
S. Plaskowicka-Rymkiewicz, M. Borz^cka, M. Lab^cka-Koecher, Historia lite­
ratury tureckiej. Von Xénia Celnarová.........................................................................................239
K. E. Bosvort, Musuľmanskije dinastiji. Von Vojtech Kopčan..................................................243
H. L. Gottschalk—B. Spuler—H. Kahler, Die Kultur des Islams. Von Vojtech
Kopčan—Kamil B aňák...................................................................................................... 243
Heinz Grotzfeld, Das Bad im arabisch-islamischen Mittelalter. Eine kulturgeschichtliche
Studie. Von Kamil B aňák..................................................................................................................246
Der Islam II. Von Vojtech Kopčan..........................................................................................................247
Ernst Kühnel, Islamic Arts. By Kamil Baňák................................................................................249
Edward William Lane, Arabian Society in the Middle Ages. Studies from The Thousand and
One Nights. By Kamil Baňák..............................................................................................................250
Arne A. Ambros, Einführung in die moderne arabische Schriftsprache. By Ladislav Drozdík . 252
Mary Catherine Bateson, Structural Continuity in Poetry. A Linguistic Study of Five
Pre-Islamic Arabic Odes. Von Ján Pauliny....................................................................................254
A. F. L. Bees ton, The Arabic Language Today. By Ladislav Drozdík.................................255
David Cohen, Dictionnaire des racines sémitiques, ou attestées dans les langues sémitiques.
Von Ján Pauliny...................................................................................................................................257
Jaroslav Stetkevych, The Modem Arabic Literary Language. By Ladislav Drozdík . . 258
Abdelghany A. Khalafallah, A Descriptive Grammar of Saci:di Egyptian Colloquial
Arabic. By Ladislav Drozdík..............................................................................................................260
Said Hanouz, Grammaire berbére. La langue. Les origines du peuple berbere. By Ladislav
Drozdík....................................................................................................................... 262
Noveishaya istoriya Afriki. Ed. by S. R. Smirnov. By Peter Skalník.....................................262
BOOKS RECEIVED . . . .................................................................... 265
OBITUARY
BERTA KREBSOVÁ
On September 15,1973, a member of onr Editorial Board, Dr. Berta Krebsová, CSc.,
died suddenly in Prague, aged 64. Through her death, Czechoslovak orientalist
scholarship loses a prominent sinologist, and the Asian and African Studies a devoted
cooperator who had been with us for many years.
Having majored in philosophy at the Charles University, and after occupying
various posts at several Secondary schools in Prague, Berta Krebsová began to
study Chinese during the war years. In 1946—1948 she studied sinology ľat ľEcole
Nationale des Langues Orientales Vivantes in Paris. From the beginning of the
fifties she held a teaching post at the Philosophical Faculty of Charles University,
then, from 1955 until her retirement two years ago she worked at the Oriental
Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Prague as a senior scientific
worker, for several years as chief of the Far Eastern Department, and directress of
the Lu Hsün Library.
A bibliography of her works includes a list of some 150 items. Dr. B. Krebsová’s
scientific interest lay principally in an investigation of the works and personality
of one of the greatest modern Chinese writers, Lu Hsün. She wrote a book about him
(Lu Sün, sa vie et son ceuvre, Prague 1953) and a series of studies in Archiv
orientální and in Asian and African Studies. In addition, she wrote scores of articles,
prepared several radio lectures in which she presented and unlocked to the Czecho­
slovak public the treasures of Chinese culture, literature, creative art, philosophy,
even familiarizing her auditors with the theory of translation from Asian literatures.
She translated a considerable part of Lu Hsün’s work, Kuo Mo-jo’s and Chou Li-po’s
fiction and in 1971 published her excellent translation of the ancient Chinese treatise
of Tao-te-ching. Unexpected death interrupted her work on the translation of the
second volume of Lu Hsün’s essays. The scientific, popularizing and translation
works which Dr. Berta Krebsová has left behind are evidence of the high standard of
her professional erudition, her wide-embracing scholarship, her talent, but also of
her personal enthusiasm which she always brought to her work.
Although she worked all her fife in Prague, her memory will remain alive and will
also be cherished in Slovakia, as many of her translations have appeared also in
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a Slovak version. From its beginnings, Slovak oriental studies and especially The
Department of Oriental Studies of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava,
had in her person a sincere supporter and trusted friend. Those of us who consider
ourselves her pupils, shall never cease to acknowledge our debt of gratitude to
Dr. Berta Krebsová for her counsels, encouragement, and her help.
Anna Doležalová
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ARTICLES
ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES IX, 1973
THE WORLD OF SHIH T’O
ZBIGNIEW SLUPSKI, WARSAW
Shih T’o (pseudonym of Wang Ch’ang-chien) (born ca 1908) is one of the most
outstanding Chinese writers of the thirties and forties of this century. Relatively
neglected by scholars, he deserves credit because of his exceptional talent shown
in stories and novels about an “unknown” and “unknowable” world, written in
an unconventional manner. Shih T’o’s departure from narrow literary realism
should be appreciated against the background of his undogmatic approach to
conventions, contemporary ideas, his attitude to cruelty, indifference and
senselessness of the “world”. A certain distortion of reality is here a means of
depicting it more fully, even truthfully in a peculiar sense.
Shih T’o [1] is not an unknown writer, but rather one who is little read. In
his two-volume History of Modern Chinese Literature Wang Yao1 devotes several
pages to Shih T’o without, unfortunately, saying anything of real value. C. T. Hsia
gives him a whole chapter2 and although his conclusions are not always acceptable,
he deserves credit for having rescued the name of Shih T’o from the long list of
modern Chinese writers whose work is condemned to oblivion.
Shih T’o is a pseudonym adopted by the author in 1946, before which he had
written under the pseudonym Lu Fen [3]. The reason for this change was that
two or three other people had used the same name during the war.3 Shih T’o’s real
name was Wang Ch’ang-chien [5], and he was born about 1908, probably in Honan
province. He had no formal education,4 and began to write some time about 1931.5
According to C. T. Hsia he was one of the young writers round the Ta-kung pao [6]
literary supplement edited by Shen Ts’ung-wen [7]. In 1936 he was awarded the
1 Wang Yao, Chung-Jcuo hsin wen-hsüeh shih kao [2], 2 vols. Shanghai 1954, pp. I, 245—246;
II, 137-138.
2 C. T. Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. New Haven 1961, pp. 461—468.
3 Shih T’o, Chih Lu Fen hsien-sheng-men [4], To Messrs. Lu Fen. A short article published
as a supplement to Ma-lan, pp. 309—314.
4 These facts are given by C. T. Hsia, who pointed out that the date of birth is not reliable;
it is taken from Yuan Chia-hua and Robert Payne, Contemporary Chinese Short Stories.
5 This can be assumed from Shih T’o’s comment that he began to use the pseudonym
Lu Fen in 1931. See Shih T’o, Chih Lu Fen hsien-sheng-men.
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