Vascular plants of the island of Newfoundland,Canada: Recent additions and rediscoveries

2004·5.1 MB·English

by  L Brouillet

RHODORA,
Vol. 106. No. 926. 167-177. 2004
pp.
NOTE
VASCULAR
PLANTS OF THE ISLAND OF
NEWFOUNDLAND,
CANADA:
AND
RECENT
ADDITIONS REDISCOVERIES
Nathalie Dian-Chekar
Museum
Newfoundland
Provincial of and Labrador.
A1C
P.O. Box 1800. Stn. C. St. John's, NL, Canada, 5P9
[email protected]
Luc
Brouillet
dc recherche en biolo«ic veeetale, Universite de Montreal.
Institut
H1X
4101 rue Shcrhrookc. Montreal. PQ, Canada, 2B2
csl.
Claudia
Ianhl
I
Canada
Atlantic Conservation Data Centre,
Box NB. E4L 1G6
P.O. 6416, Sackville, Canada,
Hay
Stuart
Institut de recherche en biologic vcgetale, Universite de Montreal,
MIX
2B2
4101 rue Shcrhrookc, Montreal, PQ, Canada,
est,
Maundhk
John
E.
Museum
Provincial Newfoundland and Labrador,
oi'
AIC
P.O. Box 1800, C, John's, NL, Canada, 5P9
Stn. St.
[email protected]
The Newfoundland (NFRPP) was
Rare 1999
Plant Project initiated in
multi-partnered by Newfoundland and Labrador
as a effort led the
Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation, the Atlantic Canada
Conservation Data Centre, and the Institut de recherche en biologie
The main
vegetale of the Universite de Montreal. goals of the project
have been to update the previous o( rare vascular plants of the Island
list
management
(Bouchard et al. 1991 and to obtain data to support efforts
)
towards conservation o(
the rare plants.
NFRPP
During its initial three years (1999 to 2001), the conducted
new
a major inventory o( the vascular plants of the Island of
167
Rhodora
168
[Vol. 106
Newfoundland. This was done primarily through intensive, targeted Held
surveys the western, central, and northeastern regions of the Island.
in
Work
also involved revaluation of the relevant literature and verification
Museum
some
of herbarium specimens the Provincial o(
critical at
Newfoundland and Labrador (nfm) and the Herbier Marie Victorin of the
Universite de Montreal (mt). Since 2001, individuals and institutions
NFRPP
involved have continued and compile
in the to collect
information on vascular plants throughout the province of Newfoundland
and Labrador.
The
provided here adds to the Annotated Checklist of the Vascular
list
Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador (Meades 2000), which
et al.
some NFRPP.
already incorporates of the early findings of the So
far,
NFRPP
new
the has recorded twelve vascular plant taxa to the Island o\
Newfoundland. Eleven of these are considered native: Symphyotrichum
Lechea
boreale, trade intermedia, Bartonia
S. scantii, virginica,
Proserpinaca pectinata, Carex radio C. retrorsa, Eleocharis
ta,
erythropoda, Scirpus pedicellatus, Potamogeton richardsonii, and P.
One
robbinsii. more, Hypericum pulchrum, considered introduced.
is
NFRPP
The
has also rediscovered six rare vascular plant taxa previously
known
for the Island only from historical records: Equisetum hyemale
subsp. Oclemena acuminata, Symphyotrichum
ciliolatum,
affine,
Ranunculus recurvatus var. recurvatus, Carex petricosa var. misan-
droides, and Juncus subcaudatus.
A
more detailed account for each of the taxa listed above provided in
is
following "Species Accounts"
the section. Families are presented the
in
same order as in Meades et (2000). Nomenclature follows Meades
al.
et (2000) for taxa included therein, the Flora of North America for
al.
new
species of Potamogetonaceae and Cyperaceae Newfoundland, and
to
new
Kartesz (1999) for additional species to Newfoundland. Voucher
specimens are variously deposited in nfm, mt, and the herbarium of Sir
Wilfred Grenfell College, Corner Brook, Newfoundland.
ACCOUNTS
SPIiCIES
new
Species to the Island of Newfoundland are marked with an
To wording some
asterisk. protect sensitive location data, the of location
descriptions has been shortened, and some and longitude
latitude
coordinates have been rounded to the nearest minute. Square brackets
have been used where the numerical precision of specimen citation data
has been reduced.
Note 169
2004]
EQUISETACEAE
&
Roy
Equisetum hyemale L. subsp. (Engelm.) Calder L. Taylor
affine
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: George's Bay, Fishells Brook,
St.
NDC
& Hand
near mouth [48°19'N, 58°42'W], 9 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar C. 00-
1581 (nfm, mt).
The Newfoundland was made
only previous collection of this taxon in
Newfoundland M.
central in 1910 [Middle Birchy Pond, Jul 1910, L.
1 1
&
Fernald K. M. Wiegand 2364 (gh)|. Unfortunately the identity of the
Hauke
specimen questionable (Bouchard 1991). (1963) referred
is et al.
to Equisetum Xtrachyodon A. Braun, a hybrid between E. hyemale
it
Hauke
and E. variegatum Schleich. Subsequently, (1993) included
Newfoundland in the distribution of E. hyemale subsp. affine without
any comment. The new population reported here was found on the sandy
and gravelly bank of Fischells Brook on the west coast of the Island,
km
almost 200 from
the original locality.
ASTERACEAE
Oclemena acuminata (Michx.) Greene (—Aster acuminatus Michx.)
Specimen citations: Canada. Newfoundland: Southwest coast, T. Cheeseman
J.
CH
Hand &
Provincial Park, [47°38'N, 59°15'W], 3 Aug 2000, C. S. Powell
N
000803-5 (nfm, mt); Southwest coast. Port aux Basques area, (approx. 2 km) of the
turnoff to T. Cheeseman Provincial Park, [47°38'N, 59°14'W|, 23 Sep 2002,
J.
CH
Hand
020923-3
C. (nfm).
Common
was
eastern North America, species previously
in this
known from only two western Newfoundland, both
localities in
&
Long
historical [Lark Mountain, 4 Sep 1926, M. L. Fernald, B. J.
Aug
M. Fogg 460 Port aux Basques (back 31 1924, M. L.
(gh); of),
&
Long Dunbar 27/39 The
Fernald, B. B. (gh)]. recent collections
are both from the same general locality on the southwest coast of the
Island, probably very close to the site of Fernald\s Port aux Basques
collection.
& &
Love Love
*Symphyotrichum horeale A. Gray) A. D.
(Torr.
(= Aster horealis Provanch.)
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Bay of Islands, Humber Arm, Wild
Hand &
Cove Brook, [48°58'N, 57°52 / Wl, 4 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar, C. H.
NDC
Mann
00-1461 (nfm, mt. Sir Wilfred Grenfell College).
A
somewhat calciphilic fen species found throughout boreal and
montane North America. This Newfoundland collection from
first is
K
Rhodora
170
Vol. 106
I
a rich fen on the central west coast, near Corner Brook. The species was
known
previously occur Cape Breton Nova
to as far east as Island,
Scotia (Zinck 1998).
&
Symphyotrichum ciliolatum (LindL ex Hook.) A. Love D. Love
(= Aster
ciliolatus Lindl.)
Spfximen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Stephenvillc Area. Romaine's Brook,
CH
[48°33'N, 58°40'W], 14 Jul 1999, C. Hanel 990714-1 (nfm).
NFRPP,
Previous to the the probable existence of this species on the
Island of Newfoundland had been documented only once through
the
Aug
type of Aster subgeminatus Fernald [Table Mountain, 16 1910, M.
&
L. Fernald, K. M. Wiegand J. Kittredge 4126 (gh)], which now
appears to be a hybrid between Symphyotrichum ciliolatum and novi-
S.
Nesom
The
G.
belgii (L.) L. var. novi-belgii. collection reported here
is
good was
a representative of the species. found in the forested
It
Romanic's
floodplain of Brook, near Table Mountain, on west
the coast
of the Island. At Romaine's Brook, ciliolatum does seem hybridize
S. to
with novi-belgii, supporting the probable hybrid of Fernald's
S. status
The somewhat
specimen. species calciphilic, and the area where was
is
it
discovered in Newfoundland underlain by limestone.
is
Nesom
* Symphyotrichum tradescantii G. {—Aster
(L.) L. tradescantii L.)
Specimen citations: Canada. Newfoundland: Head of George's Bay, Bottom
St.
NFM
Brook, Pond,48°31'N, 58°16'W, Maunder
First \5 Jul 1999../. £. 6721 (nfm);
TCH
Bay
St. George, Southwest Brook, [near] bridge over brook, [48°3(VN,
CH
&
58°16'W], 30 Jul 2000, C. Hanel Powell 000730-36 (nfm); Southern Long
S.
Range Mountains, Bottom Brook, upstream from Third Pond. [48°32'N, 58°12'W],
NDC
&
13 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar D. Brake 00-/728 (nfm, mt).
This species was reported from southern Newfoundland by Fernald
(1950). However, the report was rejected by Meades (2000) owing
et
al.
to the absence of verified specimens. The specimens here were
listed
NFRPP
collected by the on sandy riverbanks and lake shores near the
Bay
head of George's western Newfoundland, confirming
St. in finally
the presence of the species on the Island.
IACEA
CIS
*Lechea
intermedia Legg.
ex Britton
W
Sphcimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Exploits Valley, Grand of
Falls,
community, Exploits River, [near) mouth of Thunder Brook, [48°56 , N. 55°49'W], 30
CH
Aug &
2001, Hanel Hancock 010830-15
C. J. (nfm, mt).
Note
171
2004]
Canada
This species widely distributed in eastern parts of southern
is
The
and the northern United States (Scoggan 1978). specimen from
Grand Newfoundland was and
Falls in central collected in gravel
on The from Cape
cobbles a sloping riverbank. next nearest records are
Nova
Breton Island, Scotia (Zinck 1998).
HYPERICACEAE
* Hypericum pulchrum
L.
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Bay George, Black Duck, [shore
St.
CH
Hand &
of Harry's River], [48°34'N, 58°22'W], 21 Jul 2000, C. Powell
S.
000727-17
(NFM, MT).
The
This species native Eurasia. only previous report for North
to
is
America from Miquelon (Meades The
Saint-Pierre 2000).
is et et al.
Newfoundland specimen was found Black Duck, on the west coast of
at
the Island, in an old abandoned field.
GENTIANACEAE
&
Poggenb.
*Bartonia virginica (L.) Britton, Sterns
N
Specimen citations: Canada. Newfoundland: Codroy Valley, of Doyles along
& Mann
TCH, Hanel
the [47°51'N, 59°9'W|, 8 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar, C. H.
WNW
NDC -5 km
00-1563 (nfm, mt); South Coast, Burgeo, of, [47°37'N,
CH
Aug
57°41'W], 13 2000, C. Hanel 000XI3-I (nfm).
This species an Atlantic coastal plain element of the eastern North
is
As Meades was
American flora. reported by et al. (2000), first
it
NFRPP,
collected Newfoundland, by the 2000. Both collections
in in
were from open, acidic habitats (rocky heath and bog) in southern
known
The was from nearby
regions of the Island. species already Saint-
Miquelon (Rouleau and Lamoureux
Pierre 1992).
et
HALORAGACEAE
Lam.
*Proserpinaca pectinata
Specimen Canada. Newfoundland: Southern Long Range Mountains,
citation:
Bottom Brook, upstream from Third Pond, [48°32'N, 58°12'W], 13 Sep 2000, N.
NDC
&
Djan-Chekar D. Brake 00-/720 (nfm, mt).
was
This a species of the Atlantic coastal plain of North America.
is It
NFRPP
unknown Newfoundland made
from until the this collection at
Bottom Brook, near the head of George's Bay on the west coast of
St.
the Island. Plants were growing in mats of aquatic vegetation rooted in
172 Rhodora
[Vol. 106
mud
soft sandy on a riverbank. The next nearest records are from Nova
(Crow
and
Scotia llcllquist 2000).
RANUNCULACEAE
Ranunculus Lam.
recurvatus Poir. in var. recurvatus
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Serpentine Lake, Blue Brook,
Hill
[48°53'N, 58°19'W], 13 Aug 1999, L. Brouillet, S. Hay & D. Bedlam LB 99-224
(nfm).
This taxon had been collected Newfoundland 1962 [Sheep
last in in
Brook, 1962, E. Rouleau 7633 (mt)]. As indicated by Meades
et al.
was NFRPP, swamp
rediscovered by
(2000), the in 1999, in an alder
it at
new
Serpentine Lake, taxon western Newfoundland.
a locality for the
in
The
specimen documents by Meades
the report (2000).
et al.
CYPERACEAE
Dewey
Carex
petricosa misandroides Boivin
var. (Fernald) B.
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Bay of Goose Ann, William
Islands,
Wheeler
Point, |49°1()'N, 57°52'W], 21 Jul 2000, N. Djan-Chekar, Maunder,
J. L.
NDC
&
00-424B
Brouillet C. Wentzell (nfm, mt).
This sedge rare in Canada. an eastern North American endemic
is It is
known
only from northern Quebec, the Gaspe Peninsula, and western
Newfoundland (Bouchard
1991; Labrecque and Lavoie
2002).
et al.
It
had been Newfoundland
not collected in since the 1960s [Table
late
Mountain
(summit), Pine Tree, 19 Jul 1967, E. Rouleau 10X63 (mt)]. The
was
population reported here originally discovered by Ernest Rouleau
in
William Wheel
(MT)].
* Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Bay of Islands. Humber Ami, Wild
Cove
Brook, [48°58'N, 57°53'W], 19 Jul 2000, N. Djan-Chekar, C. Hanel, L.
NDC
Maunder, &
Brouillet, J. C. Wentzell S. Powell 00-375 (nfm. mt, Sir Wilfred
Grenfell College).
known
This species from deciduous and mixed
is forests in eastern
North America (Ball 2002). John Bell collected a Newfoundland
specimen 1867 Codroy
in [Great River, 10 Jul 1867, Bell (mt)].
s.n.
,/.
Bell originally identified as Carex rosea Schkuhr, a name that has
it
been
frequently misapplied to C. radiata (Ball 2002). Ernest Rouleau
Note 173
2004]
later reexamined Bell's specimen and assigned to C. cephalantha E. P.
it
As
Bicknell. a consequence, C. radiata has never been included in plant
Newfoundland and Labrador (Meades 2000; Robertson
lists for et al.
Rouleau Rouleau and Lamoureux The by
1984; 1978; 1992). collection
NFRPP, Cove
Wild Brook, on west
the in alluvial thickets at the Island's
coast, led to the ^identification of BelTs 1867 specimen as C. radiata.
*Carex Schwein.
retrorsa
Specimen Canada. Newfoundland: Long Range Mountains, Deer Lake,
citation:
Humber Aug
shore mouth of Upper River, [49°10'N, 57°28'W], 29 2000, N. Djan-
at
NDC
Mann &
00-1300
Chekar, C. Hanel, L. Layers, H. C. Wentzell (nfm).
America
wet North (Reznicek
This species occurs habitats across
in
and Ford 2002). was reported for Newfoundland by Scoggan (1978),
It
Meades because no voucher could be
but (2000) rejected the report
et
al.
found herbaria. Reznicek and Ford (2002) also omitted the
in
NFRPP
Newfoundland report. The collection made by the on the shores
of Deer Lake confirms the occurrence of the species on the Island.
*Eleocharis erythropoda Steud.
New
Specimen citation: Canada. Newfoundland: Northeast coast, World Island,
CH
&
SE
Summerford, of, [49°29'N, 54°46'W], 22 Jul 2001, C. Hanel S. Partly
010722-11
(NFM, MT).
Two
Newfoundland
Eleocharis collections from western [Serpentine
Lake (western end 14 Aug 1951, E. Rouleau 2408 (mt, nfld, dao);
of),
Humber Aug Rouleau 482
Steady Brook, River, 19 1948, E. (mt, ny,
nfld, acad, can, dao)J were examined by S. Galen Smith (wis) in 1999
North America and determined be
for the Flora of Project, to
&
Roem
intermediates between E. erythropoda and E. palustris (L.)
Schult. However, typical examples of E. erythropoda remained
now
unknown from Newfoundland. The presence of the species
is
The
continued by the specimen from a saltmarsh on the northeast coast.
species found across North America, with the next nearest location
is
New
being Brunswick (Smith 2002),
in et al.
*
Scirpus pedicellatus Fernald
Specimen citations: Canada. Newfoundland: Long Range Mountains, Upper
Aug
Humber
River, upstream from Reidville, [49°14'N, 57°22'W], 28 2000, C.
CH
Hanel, L. Layers & C. Wentzell 000828-13 (nfm, mt); Long Range Mountains,
Aug
Upper Humber River, Reidville, [49°13'N, 57°23'W], 30 2000, C. Hanel, L.
CH
& Mann
Layers H. 000830-2 (nfm, mt, Sir Wilfred Grenfell College).
174 Rhodora
106
[Vol.
These Newfoundland collections of eastern North American
this
first
NFRPP
made
species were by the on the west coast of the Island. The
plant grows on the muddy banks of backwaters of the Humber River.
The
identities of both collections were confirmed by Alfred E. Schuyler
The Nova
(ph). next nearest records are from Scotia (Whittemore and
Schuyler
2002).
JUNCACEAK
&
J uncus subcaudatus (Engelm.) Coville Blake
S. F.
Specimen citations: Canada. Newfoundland: George's Bay, Brook,
St. Fishells
NDC
& Hand
near mouth, [48°19'N, 58°42'W|, 9 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar C. 00-
NDC NDC
& Hand
15X4 (nfm, mi); 10 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar C. 00-1627, 00-
NDC
1634, 00-1636 (nfm, mt); Exploits Valley, Grand Falls, Exploits River, below
(S of) dam, [48°55'N, 55°40'W], 28 Aug 2001, C. Hand, H. Thomas & Hancock
J.
W
CH
01082S-34 (nfm, mt); Grand Falls, of community. Thunder Brook, [48°56'N,
Aug Hand & CH
55°49'W], 30 2001, C. Hancock 010830-11 (nfm, mt).
./.
This species was reported for Newfoundland 1990, following
first in
a revision of historical specimens that had been misidentified (Hay
et
al.
On
1990). the basis of these records, the species was known only from
Avalon
the Peninsula [Peter's River, approx. 2 mi. southeast 17 Sep
of,
1959, E. Rouleau 5156 (mt, nfld)], and from north central Newfound-
Aug &
[Grand 1,M. M. Wiegand
land Falls, 191 L. Fernald, K.
T.
11.
1 1
Darlington 5127 (mt, gh); Grand Falls, along the Exploits River, 12
Aug &
191 M. L. Fernald, K. M. Wiegand H. T. Darlington 5128 (gh);
1,
Sheffield Lake, Southwest Brook, at the mouth of, 16 Aug 1951, E.
NFRPP
Rouleau 2512 The
(mt, nfld, dao)]. found the species
at
Fischells Brook and in the Exploits Valley. The Fischells Brook
known
collections extend the range of the species into western
Newfoundland.
POTAMOGETONACEAK
*
Potamogeton richardsonii (A. Benn.) Rydb.
Specimen (Tim Canada. Newfoundland:
ions: Great Northern Peninsula. Indian
NFM
Pond, 50°41'N, 57°13'W, 17 Jul 1997, E. Maunder 7700 (nfm); Grand
J.
NW
NFM
Codroy River, of Doyles, 47°5()'N, 59°12'W, 22 Jul 1997, E. Maunder
./.
7701
(NFM).
NFRPP
from examined
Botanists the unidentified Potamogeton
material held at nfm and discovered P. richardsonii, which was
unknown The
previously specimens were two
for the Island. collected
at
Note
1 175
004]
widely separated locations on the west coast of the Island: a lake and
in
slow-moving backwater Potamogeton
in a of a large river. richardsonii
a North American endemic found across the continent (Haynes and
is
The from Gaspe
Hellquist 2000). next nearest records are the Peninsula,
Nova
Quebec (Faubert 2000), and Cape Breton Island, Scotia (Zinck
1998).
* Potamogeton Oakes
robbinsii
Specimen Canada. Newfoundland: Southern Long Range Mountains,
citations:
E
Bottom Brook, of Third Pond. [4<X°32'N. 5S°12'W). 13 Sep 2000, N. Djan-Chekar,
Hand & NDC
00-1736 Grand
C. D. Brake H. Smith (nfm, mt); Exploits Valley,
W
Aug Hand
of community, Exploits River, [48°56'N, 55°45'W], 30 2001, C.
Falls,
CH
&
Hancock 010830-43
(nfm, mt).
J.
This species patchily, but widely, distributed throughout North
is
America (Haynes and Hellquist 2000). The collections reported here are
from backwaters along rivers two different watersheds, one on the
in
west coast and one central Newfoundland. The next nearest records
in
Nova
are from Cape Breton Island, Scotia (Zinck 1998).
acknowledgments. The authors thank the agencies that provided
NFRPP: Canada
funding and/or other support to the Atlantic
Conservation Data Centre, Canadian Forestry Service, Canadian
EJLB
Wildlife Service (Endangered Species Recovery Fund), Founda-
McLean
George Cedric Metcalf Charitable Foundation. Founda-
tion,
Memorial University of Newfoundland, Memorial University of
tion,
New-
Newfoundland Garden, Mountain Equipment Co-op,
Botanical
foundland and Labrador Department of Forest Resources and Agrifoods,
Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Tourism, Culture and
Museum
Newfoundland and Labrador,
Recreation, Provincial of
New-
Universite de Montreal, Shell Environmental Fund, Western
Model World Fund Canada (Endangered
foundland and Wildlife
Forest,
We
work
Species Recovery Fund). also sincerely acknowledge the of
who NFRPP: Shawn
Marilyn Anions,
individuals participated the
in
Avery, Douglas Ballam, Mike Bennett, Dick Brake, Joe Brazil, Rene
Charest, Rick Curran, Stephen Flemming, Janelle Hancock, Luise
Hermanutz, Lorna Lafosse, R. A. Lautenschlaser, Laurence Lavers,
Henry Mann, Susan Meades, Jeff Motty, Wilf Nicholls, Shelley
J.
Shawna Randy
Pardy, Bruce Pike, Beth Pollock, Powell, Power,
Rob Rainer, Peter Scott, Hubert Smith, Leah Soper, and Carson
Wentzell.
Rhodora
176
106
[Vol.
UTLRATURL
CITED
W.
Ball, P. 2002. Carex Linnaeus Sect. Phaestoglochin, pp. 285-297. In: Flora of
North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North America North of
Mexico, Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta; Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford
New
Univ. Oxford and York.
Press.
Bouchard. A.. S. Hay, L. Brouillet, M. Jean, and Saucier. 1991. The Rare
I.
Vascular Plants of the Island of Newfoundland. Syllogeus No. 65, Canadian
Museum
of Nature, Ottawa, Canada.
Crow, and
G. E. C. B. Hellquist. 2000. Aquatic and Wetlands Plants of
Northeastern North America. Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, Wl.
Press,
Faubert, 2000. Les Potamogetonaceae du Quebec meridional: Identification
J. et
Canad. 359-380.
repartition. Field-Naturalist 14:
1
Fernald, M. L. 1950. Gray's Manual Botany, 8th ed. American Book Co., New-
o\'
York.
A
Hauke, R. L. 1963. taxonomic monograph of the genus Equisetum, subg.
Nova
Hippochactc. Beih. Hedwigia 1-123.
8:
1993. Equisetaceae, 76-84. Flora of North America Editorial
pp.
///:
.
Committee, eds. Flora of North America North of Mexico, Vol. Pteridophytes
2.
New
and Gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press. Oxford and York.
Hay, Bouchard, and
S. G., A. L. Brouillet. 1990. Additions to the flora of the
Island of Newfoundland. Rhodora 92: 277-293.
and
Haynes, R. R. C. B. Hellquist. 2000. Potamogetonaceae, 47-74. Flora
pp. In:
of North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North America North of
Mexico, Vol. 22. Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae
(in
New
part), and Zingiberidae. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford and York.
A
Kartesz, T. 1999. synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for
J.
the vascular flora of the United States, Canada and Greenland. In: T. Kartesz
J.
and C. A. Meacham, Synthesis of the North American Flora, version CD-
1.0,
ROM.
North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel NC.
Hill,
Labrecque, and woiE. 2002. Les plantes vasculaires menacees ou vulnerables
J.
( 1.
I
.
du Quebec. Gouvernement du Quebec, ministere de rEnvironnement, Direction
du patrimoine ecologique du developpement durable, Quebec, Canada.
et
Mlades, S. S. G. Hay, and L. Brouillet. 2000. Annotated Checklist of the
J.,
Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador. The Provincial Museum of
Newfoundland and Labrador, John's, NL, Canada. Website:
St. (http://
www.nfmuseum.com/meades.htm).
Last accessed January 2004.
15,
Rezmcek. and
A. A. B. A. Ford. 2002. Care.x Linnaeus Sect. Ycsicariae,
pp.
501-51 In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North
1.
America North of Mexico, Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae
(in part):
New
Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Oxford and York.
Press,
Robertson, A. 1984. Carex of Newfoundland. Newfoundland Forest Research
Centre, Canadian Forestry Service, John's, NL, Canada.
St.
Rouleau, E. 1978. List of the Vascular Plants of the Province of Newfoundland
(Canada). Oxen Pond Botanic Park, John's, NL. Canada.
St.
and Lamoureux.
G. 1992. Atlas of the Vascular Plants of the Island of
Newfoundland
and of the Islands of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Groupe Fleurbec,
Saint-I lenri-de-Levis, PQ, Canada.