VASCULAR PLANTS OF FORT DESOTO PARK, PINELLAS COUNTY, FLORIDA

10 Pages·1995·0.29 MB·

by  Thorne, Robert F

Selbyana 16(1): 100-109
VASCULAR PLANTS OF FORT DESOTO PARK,
PINELLAS COUNTY, FLORIDA
ROBERT F. THORNE
Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California 91711
ABsTRACT. Fort DeSoto Park, administered by the Pinellas County Parks Department, consists of five
islands or sand keys at the mouth of Tampa Bay and the south end of Boca Ciega Bay. The islands total
about 900 acres with more than seven miles of waterfront, including three miles of sandy swimming
beaches. Also, many camping sites in a subtropical hammock on two of the keys and additional picnic
areas make the park a popular recreational site. This local botanical paradise is vegetated by subtropical
hammocks, mixed slash-pine-Florida-rosemary scrub, sandy beaches, dunes, sand-shell plateaus, mangrove
thickets, tidal salinas, fringing salt marshes, and submarine sea-grass meadows in the shallow bay waters.
The annotated checklist of vascular plants, prepared originally for the use of park personnel and visitors,
is based upon nearly 500 collections made by the author on nine or ten trips and other collections made
by Olga Lakela and her associates at the University of South Florida, Tampa. Listed are 290 species (33
of them apparently introduced) belonging to 88 families ( 4 introduced) and 225 genera (26 introduced).
Also listed in APPENDIX 1 are 45 additional species, 9 of them introduced, collected on adjacent keys
and shores of Boca Ciega Bay and which might be expected also in the Park.
Fort DeSoto Park, Florida, administered by from the federal government to be dedicated as
the Pinellas County Parks Department, consists of a park for recreational purposes. The road to the
a cluster of five islands or sand keys (Mullet, St. park was completed in 1962.
Jean [Logwood], St. Christopher [Lignum Vitae], For the botanist, Fort DeSoto Park is a local
Madelaine [Hospital], and Cunningham Keys) paradise saved by the county from destruction
lying at the southern tip of the Pinellas Peninsula by the developers. The keys are vegetated by
mostly between Bunces Pass of Boca Ciega Bay subtropical hammocks, mangrove thickets, and
and Tampa Bay just north of the shipping lane part of Mullet Key by mixed slash-pine-Florida
entering Tampa Bay for the Port of Tampa. The rosemary sandy scrub. Sandy beaches, dunes,
islands total about 900 acres with more than sev sand-shell plateaus behind the strand vegetation,
en miles of waterfront, including three miles of tidal salinas, fringing salt marshes, and subma
sandy swimming beaches. In addition, the nu rine sea-grass meadows offer an additional rich
merous excellent camping sites maintained in variety of habitats for the semitropical flora.
subtropical hammocks on St. Christopher Key The following checklist of vascular plants, al
and St. Jean Key and picnic areas on the north phabetized within the classes and subclasses by
end of Mullet Key make the park a popular rec families and genera, has been developed through
reational site. repeated botanical collecting excursions to the
Fort DeSoto Park presumably was named for Park since 1963 by myself(nine or ten trips) and
the Spanish conquistador, Hernando DeSoto, by Olga Lakela (at least 5 trips) often with col
who is believed to have landed with his expe leagues, as part of an effort to prepare a Flora of
dition on the south shore of Tampa Bay in 1539. Maritime Pinellas County. Since my interest in
It is probable that members of his expedition botany developed in college in 1938, I have col
observed Mullet Key when they entered Tampa lected several thousand specimens in southern
Bay. Col. Robert E. Lee visited Mullet Key in Pinellas County, including nearly 500 collection
1849 and recommended that it, Egmont, and Pas numbers in Fort DeSoto Park. These voucher
sage Keys be reserved for the coastal defense of specimens are mostly filed at the Rancho Santa
Florida. During the Civil War, Mullet Key was Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California, the
garrisoned by the Union Army as a blockade universities of South Florida, Florida, Florida
headquarters for the area. In 1898 construction State, Cornell, and Iowa.
began on Fort DeSoto, which when completed In the list, a preceding asterisk indicates a plant
and armed with eight 12-inch mortars, served for believed to be introduced and naturalized, or at
harbor defense though the guns never were fired least persistent, in the Park. The growth habit of
against an enemy. In World War I, the fort was each species and the principal habitats in which
used as a Coast Artillery Training Center, and each is found in the park are briefly cited. Since
in World War II, the keys served as an Air Force the keys are essentially composed of sand with
Gunnery and Bombing Training Center. In 1948 some calcareous shell and surrounded by salt
Pinellas County, with great foresight, completed water, the prevailing sandiness and salinity of
the purchase ofM ullet Key and auxilliary islands the substrate is usually not mentioned. Following
100
1995] THORNE: FORT DESOTO FLORA 101
the habitats, the numerals represent the five keys: ianum Weatherby. Resurrection Fern. Perennial
I-Mullet, 2-St. Jean, 3-St. Christopher, 4- epiphyte on live oaks, 1, 2, 4.
Madelaine, and 5-Cunningham. The last has
received very little botanical attention. Because
Dr. Lakela and I did most of our collecting be CONIFERAE - Conifers
tween the months of September and June, the
list is presumably still rather incomplete and CUPRESSACEAE-Cypress Family
Juniperus virginiana L. ssp. silicicola (Small) E. Mur
needful of much more collecting, particularly
ray (J. silicicola [Small] Bailey). Southern Red-cedar.
during the summer months. Several dozen ad
Small tree in hammocks, 1,2,3,4.
ditional species were collected by Dr. Lakela and
myselfo n Tierra Verde (Pine and Cabbbage keys) PINAcEAE-Pine Family
Pinus elliottii Engelm. ssp. densa (Little & Dorman)
and other keys and mainland shores in Boca Cie
E. Murray (P. elliottii var. densa Little & Dorman).
ga Bay. Surely some of these also occur in Fort
Slash Pine. Sizable tree in open pineland or in asso
DeSoto Park. Hence, a list of these additional ciation with Florida-rosemary scrub, 1, 2, 3.
species has been appended to the Fort DeSoto
Park list (ApPENDIX 1).
In preparation of the checklist, three floras and
ANGIOSPERMAE - Flowering Plants
two supplements to the second flora have been
most helpful: "A Flora of Tropical Florida" by
DICOTYLEDONEAE - Dicotyledons
R. W. Long and O. Lakela (1971), "Guide to the
Vascular Plants of Central Florida" by R. P. AIZOACEAE-Mesembryanthemum Family
Wunderlin (1982), with two supplements by R. Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. Sea-purslane. Suc
P. Wunderlin, B. F. Hansen, and D. W. Hall culent prostrate perennial of shores and beaches, 1, 2,
3,4.
(1985, 1988), and "Checklist of the Vascular
Plants of the Florida Suncoast" by R. P. Wun AMARANTHAcEAE-Pigweed Family
derlin, G. B. Fleming, and B. F. Hansen (1992). Amaranthus floridanus (S.Wats.) J.D.Sauer. Water
hemp. Tall robust annual in marshy depression, 1.
*Amaranthus viridis L. Slender Pigweed. Annual weed
of disturbed places, 1, 2.
ANNOTATED CHECKLIST Blutaparon vermiculare (L.) Mears. Beach-carpet,
Saltweed. Succulent prostrate perennial of shores and
PSILOTAE-Whisk-ferns
salinas, 1, 2, 3, 4.
PSILOTACEAE-Whisk-fern Family Gomphrena serrata L. Globe-amaranth. Annual weed
Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. Whisk-fern. Erect pe of roadsides and other disturbed places, 1, 3.
rennial in hammock-rosemary scrub transition on Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonp!. Bloodleaf. Erect pe
Mullet Key (1). rennial in hammocks, 1, 2, 4.
ANACARDIACEAE-Sumac Family
Rhus copallina L. ssp. leucantha (Jacq.) E. Murray.
FILICAE-Ferns Southern Dwarf Sumac. Shrub in pinelands, 1,2.
*Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Brazilian Pepper.
Pernicious weedy shrub in mangrove thickets and
ADIANTACEAE (inc!. Pteridaceae, Vittariaceae)-Maid
hammocks, 1,2,3,4.
enhair Fern Family
Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze ssp. radicans.
Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch. Giant
Poison-ivy. Perennial vine in hammocks and on cab
Leather Fern. Coarse evergreen perennial of coastal
bage palms, 1, 2, 3, 4. On contact the foliage, stems,
marshes, 1.
and roots of this vine cause dermatitis in susceptible
Vittaria lineata (L.) J. Sm. Shoestring Fern. Evergreen
people.
perennial epiphyte in boots of cabbage palms, 1, 4.
BLECHNAcEAE-Chain Fern Family APIAcEAE-Celery Family
Eryngium baldwinii Spreng. Button Snakeroot.
Blechnum serrulatum L.Rich. Swamp Fern. Peren
Sprawling perennial of sand-shell plateaus and fiats
nial in moist hammocks and marshy area behind man
behind strand vegetation, 1.
groves, I, 2.
Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Mock-bish
DAVALLIACEAE-Boston Fern Family op's-weed. Delicate erect annual of grassy open, dis
Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott. Boston Fern. Pe turbed area, 1.
rennial in moist hammock, 1.
ApOCYNACEAE (inc!. Asclepiadoideae). - Dogbane
DENNSTAEDTIAcEAE-Hay-scented Fern Family Family.
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn ssp. caudatum (L.) *Catheranthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Periwinkle. Weedy
Bonap .. Bracken. Perennial in rosemary scrub, 1. subshrub of hammocks, 1.
POLYPODIACEAE-Polypody Fern Family Cynanchum angustifolium Pers. Vine-milkweed. Pe
Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Smith. Golden Polypody. rennial twiner on marshy shores, 1.
Perennial epiphyte in boots of cabbage palm, 1, 2. Cynanchum scoparium Nutt. Perennial twiner on
Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt var. michaux- hammock margins, 1.
102 SELBYANA [Volume 16(1)
ASTERACEAE-Aster Family Mikania batati/olia DC. Hempvine. Perennial vine
Baccharis angusti/olia Michx. False-willow. Slender in hammocks and marshy places, 1,4.
shrub of salt marsh borders, I. Mikania cordi/olia (L.f.) Willd. Climbing Hemp
Baccharis halimi/olia L. Groundsel, Sea-myrtle. Ro weed. Climbing perennial in hammocks, 4.
bust shrub of thickets and hammock borders, 1, 2, 3, 4. PlucheaJoetida (L.) Small. Marsh-fleabane. Erect pe
*Bidens alba (L.) DC. B~ar-ticks, Spanish-needles. rennial of marshy places, 1,3.
Weedy erect annual of disturbed places, 1,2,3,4. Pluchea odorata (L.) Casso Camphorweed. Erect pe
BorrichiaJrutescens (L.) DC. Sea-oxeye. Shrubby pe rennial of saline shores and hammock margins, 1.
rennial of shores, 1,2,3,4. Pterocaulon pycnostachyum (Michx.) Ell. (P. virga
Cirsium horridulum Michx. Thistle. Spinescent bi tum [L.] DC. Rabbit-tobacco, Coastal Blackroot. Erect,
ennial of sand-shell plateaus behind strand, 1. tuber-bearing perennial in rosemary scrub, 1.
Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. pusilla (Nutt.) Sericocarpus bi/oliatus (Wait.) Porter (Aster torti/ol
Cronq. DwarfHorseweed. Weedy annual of disturbed ius Michx.) White-topped Aster. Erect perennial of dri
places, 1, 2, 4. er hammocks, 1,4.
Coreopsis leavenworthii T. & G. Tickseed. Erect pe Solidago odora Ait. var. chapmanii T. & G. Gold
rennial abundant on sand-shell plateaus behind enrod. Perennial in hammocks, 1,3,4.
dunes, l. Solidago sempervirens L. var. mexicana (L.) Fern. .
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (E. alba [L.] Hassk.) Sprawl Seaside Goldenrod. Somewhat succulent, robust pe
ing weedy annual of moist places, 1. rennial of shores and dune plateaus, 1, 2, 4.
Erechtites hieraci/olia (L.) Raf. Fireweed. Weedy an *Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Spiny-leaf Sow-thistle.
nual of disturbed places, I, 2, 3, 4. Weedy annual of disturbed places, 4.
Erigeron querci/olius Lam. Southern Fleabane. Erect *Sonchus oleracf!U$ L. Common Sow-thistle. Weedy
perennial of sand-shell plateau, I. annual of disturbed places, 1, 2, 4.
Eupatorium capilli/olium (Lam.) Small. Dog-fennel. Verbesina virginica L. Frostweed. Erect perennial in
Erect perennial of disturbed places, 1, 4. hammocks, 1,4.
Eupatorium jucundum Greene, (Ageratina jucunda Vernonia gigantea (Walt.) Trel. Ironweed. Erect pe
[Greene] Clewell & Wooton). Erect perennial in ham rennial in hammocks, 4.
mocks, 1,4. *Youngiajaponica (L.) DC. Oriental Hawk's-beard.
Eupatorium mikanioides Chapm. Semaphore Thor Weedy annual of disturbed places, 1, 2.
oughwort. Erect perennial of salt marshes and flats be
AVICENNIAcEAE-Black-mangrove Family
hind mangroves, I.
Avicennia germinans (L.) L. Black-mangrove. Small
Eupatorium serotinum Michx. Late Flowering Thor
tree or shrub in mangrove thickets and other shore
oughwort. Erect perennial in moist disturbed places,
vegetation, I, 2, 3, 4.
1,4.
Euthamia caroliniana (L.) E. Greene (E. tenui/olia BATACEAE-Saltwort Family
(Pursh) E. Greene). Narrow-leaved Goldenrod. Erect Batis maritima L. Saltwort. Sprawling, succulent
rhizomatous perennial in pineland, 1. subshrub in salinas, salt marshes, and borders of man
Flaveriafloridana J.R.Johnston. Florida Yellowtop. grove thickets, I, 2, 3, 4.
Erect perennial of hammocks and other strand vege
BORAGINACEAE-Borage Family
tation, 1, 2.
Heliotropium curassavicum L. Seaside Heliotrope.
Gnaphalium purpureum L. var. Jalcatum (Lam.) T. Prostrate, succulent, short-lived perennial of shores and
& G. (G. Jalcatum L.) Cudweed. Weedy annual or bi salinas, I, 3, 4.
ennial of disturbed places, 1.
Heliotropium polyphyllum Lehmann. Sprawling pe
Gnaphalium purpureum L. var. spathulatum (Lam.) rennial of dunes, plateaus, rosemary scrub, and ham
Ahles. (G. spathulatum Lam.) Weedy annual or bien mock margins, I.
nial of disturbed places, 1.
H aplopappus phyllocephalus DC. var. megacephalus BRASSlCACEAE-Mustard Family
(Nash) Waterf. Camphor-daisy. Husky perennial on Cakile constricta Rodm. Sea-rocket. Succulent an
flat between mangroves and hammock, 1. nual on dunes, 1.
Helianthus debilis Nutt. ssp. vestitus (E. E. Wats.) Cakile lanceolata (Willd.) O. E. Schulz ssp. pseu
Heiser. Beach Sunflower. Decumbent annual of dunes doconstricta Rodm. Succulent annual of shores and
and sand-shell plateaus behind dunes, l. dunes, 1.
Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby. Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. Tansy-mustard.
Camphorweed. Weedy annual or short-lived perennial Weedy annual of disturbed places, 1.
of disturbed ground, 1. Lepidium virginicum L. Pepperwort. Weedy annual
Hieracium gronovii L. Hawkweed. Erect scapose pe of disturbed places, I, 2, 4.
rennial in rosemary scrub, 1. BURSERACEAE-Torchwood Family
Iva Jrutescens L. Shrubby Marsh-elder. Shrub on Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. Gumbo Limbo, West
shores, 1, 2, 4. Indian-birch. Small tree formerly in north hammock
Iva imbricata Walt. Beach-elder. Succulent-leaved on Pine Key (Tierra Verde) but bulldozed out by de
shrub of beaches and foredunes, 1,2,4. velopers. Two specimens planted on St. Christopher
Lactuca gramini/olia Michx. Wild Lettuce. Erect bi Key (3) were severely impacted by frost in winter of
ennial of open places, 1,4. 1983-4 but were still alive in 1987. It is still extant at
Melanthera nivea (L.) Small. Erect perennial of ham the southern tip of Tierra Verde, where large trees are
mocks and open areas, 1 protected on private properties.
1995] THORNE: FORT DESOTO FLORA 103
CACTACEAE-Cactus Family melon, 9tron. Annual trailing vine volunteering in
Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. var. ammophila (Small) disturbed sandy places, 1,4.
L. Benson. (0. austrina Small). Prickly-pear. Sprawling Melothria pendula L. Creeping-cucumber. Annual
succulent perennial of open places, rarely epiphytic on climber in moist thickets, 1 (plants sterile, no specimen
live oak, 1, 2, 4. taken).
Opuntia stricta Haw. var.dillenii (Ker) L. Benson.
West Indian Prickly-pear. Succulent perennial of ham EMPETRAcEAE-Crowberry Family
mocks and sand-shell plateaus behind dunes, 1, 2, 4. Ceratiola ericoides Michx. Florida-rosemary. Char
acteristic shrub of rosemary white-sand scrub, 1.
CAPPARACEAE-Caper Family
Capparis cynophallophora L. Jamaica Capertree. EUPHORBIACEAE-Spurge Family
Shrub at inner edge of mangroves, 4. Chamaesyce blodgettii (Engelm.) Small. Spurge.
* CASUARINACEAE-BeefWood Family Sprawling annual of open places, 1, 2.
*Casuarina equisetifolia L. . (c. litorea L.) Austra Chamaesyce bombensis (Jacq.) Dugand. Sand-dune
lian-pine, Beach She-oak. Tree widely planted and nat Spurge. Prostrate perennial of beaches and dunes, 1,
uralized on beaches, 1, 2,4. 2,4.
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. Hairy Spurge. Decum
CELASTRACEAE-Bittersweet Family bent weedy annual of open disturbed places, 1, 4.
Mayt enus phyllanthoides Benth. Leatherleaf. Leath
Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small. Eyebane. Erect
ery leaved shrub at inner margin of mangroves, 1.
weedy annual of disturbed places, 1.
CHENoPODIACEAE-Goosefoot Family Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small. Milk-purslane.
Atriplex pentandra (Jacq.) Standi. ssp. arenaria (Nutt.) Weedy prostrate annual of disturbed places, 1,4.
Hall & Clem. Beach Orach. Sprawling silvery annual Chamaesyce mesembryanthemifolia (Jacq.) Dugand.
on sandy shores, 1, 4, 5. Coastal Beach Sandmat. Succulent perennial of beach
*Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Wormseed, Mexi es and dunes, 1.
can-tea. Weedy perennial of disturbed places, 1, 2, 3. Chamaesyce opthalmica (Pers.) Burch. Florida
Salicornia virginica L. Glasswort, Samphire. Suc Hammock Sandmat. Weedy annual in grassy area, 4.
culent sprawling perennial of salt marshes and other Cnidoscolus stimulosus (Michx.) Engelm. & Gray.
saline margins, 1, 2, 3, 4. Tread Softly, Spurge-nettle. Stinging white-flowered pe
Suaeda linearis (Ell.) Moq. Sea Blite. Succulent an rennial of pinelands and sandy hammock margins, 1.
nual of salinas, beaches, and other saline margins, 1, Croton glandulosus L. var. floridanus (Ferg.) R. W.
2,3,4. Long. Erect annual of dunes and sand-shell plateaus, 1.
CISTACEAE-Rockrose Family Croton punctatus Jacq. Beach-tea, Beach Croton, Sil
Helianthemum corymbosum Michx. Sunrose, Fros ver-leaf Croton. Silvery short-lived perennial of
tweed. Erect perennial of rosemary scrub and ham dunes, 1.
mock-scrub transition zone, 1,4. Phyllanthus abnormis Baill. Drummond's Leaf
Lechea sessilijlora Raf. Pineland Pinweed. Perennial flower. Erect annual of dunes and sand-shell plateaus,
of open places, 4. 1.
Poinsettia cyathophora (Murr.) Kl. & Gke. (inc!. P.
CLUSIACEAE-St. John's Wort Family pinetorum Small). Painted Leaf, Wild Poinsettia. Erect
Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz. St. Andrew's annual of open places, 1,2, 4.
Cross. Shrubby perennial ofs crub-hammock transition
zone, 1, 3, 4. FABACEAE-Legume Family
COMBRETACEAE-Buttonwood Family *Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schum. & Thonn.) J. Leon
Conocarpus erectus L. (inc!. var. sericeus Forst.). But ard (A. vaginalis [L.] DC.) False-moneywort. Weedy
annual or biennial of disturbed places, 1.
tonwood. Small tree or shrub of inner margin of man
groves, hammocks, dunes, and shores, 1,2, 3,4. The Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Gray Nicker. Strag
gling shrub on inner side of mangroves or on sand
silvery-leaved variety is becoming popular in culti
vation along Florida coasts. shell plateaus, 1, 2, 3, 4.
Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. Bay Bean, Beach Bean.
Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn.f. White-man
Sprawling perennial vine on beaches and dunes, 1, 2,
grove. Small tree or shrub of mangrove thickets, 1, 2,
3,4.
3,4.
Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth. Butterfly-pea.
CONVOLVULACEAE-Morning Glory Family Climbing or trailing perennial of sand-shell plateaus,
Ipomoea imperati (Yahl) Grisebach (/. stolonifera
1.
[Cyr.] J. F. Gmel.) Seaside Morning Glory. Perennial Chamaecrista aspera (Muhl.) Exell. . [Cassia nicti
trailer on beaches and foredunes, 1. tans L. var. aspera [Muhl.] T. & G.) Partridge-pea.
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. ssp. brasiliensis (L.) Erect annual of open places, 1,4.
Ooststr. Railroad Vine, Goat's-foot Morning Glory. Long Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene (Cassia
perennial trailer on foredunes and sandy shores, 1. chamaecrista L.) Erect annual of open areas, 1.
Ipomoea sagittata Poir. Glades Morning Glory. Peren *Crotalaria incana L. Rattle-box. Weedy annual of
nial twiner in old bomb crater with standing water, 1. disturbed sandy places, 1,4.
Ipomoea violacea L. (I macrantha R. & S.) Moon Vine. Crota/aria rotundifolia Gmel. Rabbit-bells. Decum
Perennial climber in hammocks and thickets, 1,2,3,4. bent perennial of open places, 1.
CUCURBITACEAE-Gourd Family Dalbergia ecastophyllum (L.) Taub. Coin Vine.
*Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nakai. Water- Sprawling shrub of inner borders of mangrove thickets,
104 SELBYANA [Volume 16(1)
hammocks, and sandy plateaus or rounded shrub on Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. (incl. P. littoralis Small).
dunes, 1,2, 3, 4. Red Bay, Shore Bay. Small, evergreen tree in ham
*Desmodium incanum DC. Tick Trefoil. Weedy rhi mocks, 1,2,3,4.
zomatous perennial of disturbed places, 1.
LYTHRACEAE-Loosestrife Family
Desmodium lineatum (Michx.) DC. Trailing peren Ammannia latifolia L. Toothcups. Succulent annual
nial of sand-shell plateaus, 1. in moist depression, 1.
Desmodium tortuosum (SW.) DC. Erect annual of
*M ALPIGHIACEAE-Malpighia Family
disturbed places, 1.
*Galphimia glauca (Cav.) Kuntze. Tropical shrub in
Erythrina herbacea L. Coralbeans, Red Cardinal,
hammock, S end of Dogwood Key (2), presumably
Cherokee Bean. Cardinal-flowered shrub of ham
planted.
mocks, 1,2,3,4.
Galactia striata (Jacq.) Urban. Milk-pea. Viny pe MALVACEAE-Mallow Family
rennial in hammocks, 2. Gossypium hirsutum L. Wild Cotton. Shrub at inner
Galactia volubilis (L.) Britt. Viny perennial in ham margin ofm angroves, 2, rare due to eradication efforts.
mocks, 1,2,3,4. *Hibiscus tiliaceus L. Mahoe. Small evergreen tree
*Indigofera hirsuta Harv. Hairy Indigo. Perennial in much planted and possibly volunteering, 2.
disturbed places, 1. Kosteletskya virginica (L.) Presl. Saltmarsh Mallow.
Piscidiapiscipula(L.)Sarg. Jamaica-dogwood. Ham Perennial in moist depression, 1.
mock on S end of St. Jean (Dogwood) Key (2); pre Sida acuta Burm. f. Teaweed, Broomweed. Weedy
sumably the source of the alternate name of this key. annual in disturbed places, 1, 4. Pantropical weed, pos
Also on 3. sibly introduced.
Rhynchosia michauxii Vail. Dollarweed. Trailing
MORAcEAE-Mulberry Family
perennial in pineland and open hammocks, 1,4.
Ficus aurea Nutt. Strangler Fig. Small strangler tree
Sophora tomentosa L. Necklace Pod. Silvery shrub
usually starting life as epiphyte in boots of cabbage
of dunes, sandy plateaus, hammocks, and inner mar
palms in hammocks and on dune plateaus, 1,3,4.
gins of mangroves, 1,2,4.
*Morus alba L. (incl. M. nigra L.) Mulberry. Small
Strophostylis umbel/ata (Muhl.) Britt. Sand-bean.
fruiting tree established and possibly volunteering on
Perennial trailer or climber oft hicket margins and sandy
Mullet Key (1).
roadsides, 1.
Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. Cow-pea. Perennial MYRlCACEAE-Bayberry Family
trailer or climber of sandy strands, thickets, and road Myrica cerifera L. ssp. cerifera. Wax-myrtle. Shrub
sides, 1. of hammocks and sandy plateaus, 1,2,3,4,5.
FAGACEAE-Oak Family MYRSINAcEAE-Myrsine Family
Quercus geminata Small. Scrub Live Oak. Evergreen Ardisia escallonioides Schlecht. & Cham. Marlberry.
shrub or small tree in hammocks and rosemary scrub, Tropical shrub in hammocks, 1,2,3,4.
1,4. Rapanea punctata (Lam.) Lundell. Myrsine. Tropi
Quercus virginiana Mill. Live Oak. Large spreading cal shrub in hammocks, 1,2,3,4.
evergreen tree in hammocks, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
MYRTAcEAE-Myrtle Family
GENTlANAcEAE-Gentian Family
Eugenia axillaris (Sw.) Willd. White Stopper. Trop
Eustoma exaltatum (L.) Salisb. Catch-fly, Seaside ical shrub with mephitic odor, common in hammocks,
Gentian. Erect succulent annual on beaches and sand
1,2,3,4.
shell plateaus, 1.
Eugeniafoetida Pers. Spanish Stopper. Tropical shrub
GERANIAcEAE-Geranium Family possibly planted near campsite in hammock, 3, but
Geranium carolinianum L. Cranesbill. Weedy an certainly native on Longboat Key S of Tampa Bay.
nual in disturbed places, 1. *Psidium guajava L. Guava. Tropical shrub com
GooDENL4CEAE-Goodenia Family monly cultivated and occasionally naturalized, 4.
Scaevola plumieri (L.) Vahl. Beachberry. Succulent NYCTAGINACEAE-Four-o'clock Family
leaved shrub on beaches and dunes, 1,4. Boerhavia diffusa L. var. diffusa. Red Spiderline,
HYDROCOTYLACEAE-Water Pennywort Family Hogweed. Weedy perennial in disturbed places, 1,2,4.
Hydrocotyle umbel/ata L. Water Pennywort, Marsh *NYSSACEAE-Swamp-gum Family
Pennywort. Rhizomatous delicate perennial in depres *Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. ssp. bif/ora (Walt.) E. Mur
sion with shallow fresh water, 1. ray. Swamp Blue Gum. Small tree presumably planted
LAMIAcEAE-Mint Family near campsite in hammock, 3.
M onarda punctata L. Horsemint, Spotted Bee-balm.
OLACACEAE-Tallow Wood Family
Erect perennial on sand-shell plateaus, 1. Ximenia americana L. Tallow Wood, Hog-plum,
Salvia coccinea Buch. Scarlet Sage. Shrubby red
Spanish-plum. Shrub in hammocks, 3, 4.
flowered annual in hammocks, 2, 3, 4.
Trichostema dichotomum L. Blue-curls. Erect annual OLEAcEAE-Olive Family
or subshrubby perennial on sand-shell plateaus, 1,4. Forestiera segregata (Jacq.) Krug & Urban ssp. se
gregata. Florida-privet. Tall shrub of mangrove bor
LAuRAcEAE-Laurel Family
ders and hammocks, 1,2,4.
Cassythafiliformis.L. Love Vine, Woe Vine. Para
sitic twiner on scrub live oak, shrubs, and other plants ONAGRAcEAE-Evening-primrose Family
in hammocks and sand-shell plateaus, 1. Gaura angustifolia Michx. Southern Gaura. Erect
1995] THORNE: FORT DESOTO FLORA 105
perennial on beaches, dunes, and sand-shell plateaus Galium hispidulum Michx. Coastal Bedstraw. Dif
behind dunes, 1, 2, 4. fuse perennial of dunes, sand-shell plateaus, and ham
Ludwigia microcarpa Michx. Small-fruited Primrose mocks, 1,5.
willow. Erect perennial in moist open places, 1,4. Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. Flat-top Bluet. An
Oenothera humifusa Nutt. Seaside Evening-prim nual on sandy flat behind beach, 1.
rose. Decumbent perennial on dunes and sand-shell Hedyotis nigricans (Lam.) Fosb. var. nigricans. Di
plateaus, 1, 2. amond Flower. Tufted perennial of sand-shell plateaus
and hammocks, 1, 4.
OXALIDACEAE-Wood Sorrel Family
Oxalisf/oridana Salisb. Lady's Sorrel. Tufted peren Hedyotis procumbens (J. F. Gmel.) Fosberg. Inno
nial in open places, 1, 2. cence. Prostrate perennial in open places, 1,4.
Hedyotis uniflora (L.) Lam. Clustered Bluet. Diffuse
PASSIFLORACEAE-Passionflower Family annual in moist depression, 1.
Passiflora suberosa L. Passionflower. Herbaceous *Ixora coccinea L. Red Ixora. Showy red-flowered
twiner in hammocks and on sand-shell plateaus, 1, 2. shrub planted near campsite in hammock, 3.
. PHYTOLACCAcEAE-Pokeweed Family Richardia scabra L. Buttonweed. Annual weed in
Phytolacca rigida Small. Pokeweed, Inkberry. Tall disturbed places, I.
perennial in hammocks and disturbed places, 1, 2, 4. RUTAcEAE-Citrus Family
Rivina humilis L. B1oodberry, Rouge Plant. Suffru *Severinia monophylla (L.) Tenaka. Chinese Box
tescent perennial in hammocks, 1, 2.
orange. Spinescent shrub planted near campsite in
PLANTAGINACEAE-Plantain Family hammock,3.
Plantago virginica L. Southern Plantain. Scapose an Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L. Hercules Club, Pep
nual or biennial in open places, 1. perwood. Tall shrub or small tree in open thickets and
hammocks, 1.
PLUMBAGINACEAE-Leadwort Family
Limonium carolinianum (Walt.) Britt. Sea-lavender, SALlCACEAE-Willow Family
Marsh-rosemary. Scapose perennial on saline shores, Salix caroliniana Michx. Southern Willow. Tall shrub
1,4. of marshy places, even in brackish soil, I.
POLYGALACEAE-Milkwort Family SAPINDACEAE-Soapberry Family
Polygala grandiflora Walt. var. grandiflora. Milk Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. Varnish Leaf. Large shrub
wort. Erect perennial on sand-shell plateau, 1. of dunes and dune-hammock margins, I.
POLYGONACEAE Buckwheat Family SAPOTAcEAE-Sapodilla Family
Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. Sea-grape. Large rounded Bumelia celastrina Kunth. ssp. celastrina. Saffron
shrub of dunes, sand-shell plateaus, and hammocks, 1, plum. Tall shrub of hammocks and inner margins of
2,3,4. mangroves, 1,2,3,4.
PORTULACACEAE - Purslane Family SCROPHULARIACEAE-Figwort Family
Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane, Pussley. Prostrate Agalinis maritima (Raf.) Raf. Saltmarsh False-fox
succulent annual in open places, 1, 2, 3, 4. glove. Succulent annual in moist brackish soil, I.
Portulaca pilosa L. Pink Purslane. Prostrate succu Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. Mud-carpet. Succu
lent annual of shores and disturbed places, 1, 2, 3, 4. lent prostrate perennial forming mats in brackish bot
tom of roadside ditch, I.
PRIMULACEAE-Primrose Family
Polypremum procumbens L. Rustweed. Prostrate pe
Samolus ebracteatus Kunth. Water-pimpernel. Erect
rennial in sandy, often disturbed, places, 1,4.
perennial in moist, brackish soil, 1, 5.
Scoparia dulcis L. Sweet-broom. Weedy annual in
RHIZOPHORACEAE-Mangrove Family disturbed open places, I, 4.
Rhizophora mangle L. Red Mangrove. Large shrub Seymeria pectinata Pursh. Robust, perhaps semi
or small tree forming pure thickets or mixed with Av parasitic, annual in open hammock, 4.
icennia and Laguncularia on protected bay shores, 1,
SOLANACEAE-Nightshade Family
2,3,4.
Lycium carolininanum Walt. Christmasberry. Large
ROSACEAE-Rose Family shrub of hammocks and inner margins of mangroves,
*Prunus caroliniana (Mill.) Ait. Small tree planted 1,2.
near campsite in hammock, 3. *Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. Tomato. Occasion
*Pyrecantha koidzumii (Hayata) Rehd. Firethorn. al volunteer annual in disturbed places, presumably
Shrub planted near campsite in hammock, 3. not persisting, 1, 2.
Rubus trivialis Michx. Southern Dewberry. Trailing Physalis angustifolia Nutt. (P. viscosa L. var. elliottii
shrub in open hammock, 4. [Kunze] Waterfall). Ground-cherry. Sprawling peren
nialon sand-shell plateaus, I, 2, 4.
RUBIAcEAE-Madder Family Solanum americanum Mill. Nightshade. Weedy an
Borreria ocimoides (Burm. f.) DC. Erect annual in nual of hammocks and sand-shell plateaus, 1,5.
open places, 1, 4.
Chiococca alba (L.) A. Hitchc. Snowberry. Sprawling STERCULIAcEAE-Chocoiate Family
Waltheria indica L. Basora Prieta. Subshrub in ham
viny shrub of hammocks and sand-shell plateaus be
mocks, 1,4.
hind dunes, 1,2,4,5.
Ernodea littoralis Sw. ssp. littoralis. Beach Creeper. SURIANACEAE - Bay-cedar Family
Prostrate shrub ofd unes, sand-shell plateaus, and ham Suriana maritima L. Bay-cedar. Tall evergreen shrub
mocks, 1. on dunes, 1.
106 SELBYANA [Volume 16(1)
URTICAcEAE-Nettle Family Tillandsia utriculata L. Wild-pine, Air Plant. Ever
Parietaria praetermissa Hinton. Pellitory. Annual or green tank epiphyte on hammock trees, especially
short-lived perennial in moist disturbed place, 1. Quercus, Juniperus, and Conocarpus, 1, 2.
VERBENACEAE-Vervain Family COMMELINACEAE-Spiderwort Family
Callicarpa americana L. Beautybush, Beautyberry, Commelina diffusa Burm. f. Dayfiower. Sprawling,
French-mulberry. Large shrub in hammocks, 1,2,3,4. mat-forming herb in moist open places,!.
Lantana camara L. Shrub-verbena. Weedy shrub in Commelina erecta L. var. angustifolia (Michx.) Fern.
thickets, 1. Erect slender herb in rosemary scrub, 1.
Lantana involucrata L. Small shrub of hammocks CYMODOCEACEAE - Manatee-grass Family
and sand-shell plateaus, 1. Halodule wrightii Aschers. Rhizomatous perennial
Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. (Lippia nodiflora [L.] sea-grass forming with Syringodium and Thallasia ex
Michx.) Capeweed. Prostrate perennial of moist open, tensive marine meadows in the shallow waters of Boca
often brackish, places, 1, 2, 3, 4. Ciega and Tampa Bays around the keys, 1,2,3,4,5.
Verbena scabra Vah!. Harsh Vervain. Erect annual Syringodium filiforme Klitz. Manatee-grass. Rhizo
on open fiat, I. matous perennial forming extensive marine meadows
* Vitex trifolia L. f. Chastetree. Shrub planted and with Halodule and Thallasia in the shallow waters of
abundantly naturalized in hammocks, 2, 3.
Boca Ciega and Tampa Bays around the keys, 1.
VITAcEAE-Grape Family
Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne. Pepper Vine. Woody CYPERAcEAE-Sedge Family
climber in thickets and moist hammocks, 2, 3. Bulbostylis ciliatifolia (Ell.) Fern. var. coarctata (Ell.)
Cissus trifoliata (L.) L. Marine-ivy. Succulent-leaved KraI. Tufted perennial in rosemary scrub and other dry
climber of hammocks and inner edge of mangroves, open places, l.
1,2. Bulbostylis stenophylla (Ell.) Clarke. Tufted peren
Parthenocissus quinque/olia (L.) Plaunch. Virginia nial in rosemary scrub, I.
Creeper, Woodbine. Woody climber in hammocks and Cladium jamaicense Crantz. Sawgrass. Tall, robust
thickets, 1, 2. perennial in marshy depression, 1.
Vitis aestivalis Michx. Summer Grape. Woody vine Cyperus compressus L. Galingale. Tufted weedy an
in hammocks, I, 4. nual in disturbed places, 1.
Vitis rotundifolia Michx. var. munsoniana (C. Simp *Cyperus esculentus L. Yellow Nut-grass. Rhizo
son) M. Moore. Scuppernong, Muscadine. Woody matous perennial in disturbed places, 1.
climber in hammocks, 4. Cyperus globulosus Aubi. Rhizomatous perennial in
disturbed places, 4.
*ZYGOPHYLLACEAE-Caltrop Family
*Tribulus terrestris L. Caltrop, Puncture Vine. Weedy Cyperus ligularis L. Robust clumped perennial on
beaches and fiats behind mangroves, 1, 2, 3, 4.
prostrate annual in parking areas, 1.
Cyperus odoratus L. Erect perennial of shores and
fiats behind mangroves, 1,2,4,5.
Cyperus planifolius L. C. Rich. Tufted perennial of
MONOCOTYLEDONEAE - Monocotyledons rosemary scrub and fiats behind mangroves, 1.
Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. var. texensis (Torr.) Fern.
AGAVACEAE-Century Plant Family Tufted annual on shores and moist sand-shell plateaus,
Yucca aloifolia L. Spanish-bayonet. Large colonial 1,2,4.
shrub of dunes and other strand vegetation, 1, 2, 3, 4. Cyperus retrorsus Chapm. var. retrorsus. Rhizoma
AMARYLLIDACEAE-Amaryllis Family tous perennial ofh ammocks, pinelands, rosemary scrub,
Hymenocallis latifolia (Mill.) Roem. Spider-lily. and open fiats, 1, 4.
Bulbous perennial in shore thickets, I, 2. *Cyperus rotundus L. Nut-grass. Rhizomatous pe
rennial on disturbed fiats, 1.
ARECAcEAE-Palm Family Cyperus surinamensis Rottb. Tufted perennial in
*Phoenix canariensis Chaub. Canary Island Date
moist depression, 1.
Palm. Planted palm rarely volunteering on Mullet Key Cyperus tetragonus Ell. Tall rhizomatous perennial
(1). in hammocks, 1, 3, 4.
Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. Cabbbage Palm.
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) R. & S. Spike-rush. Tufted
Abundant tree palm of hammocks, sandy shores, and
herb in moist depression, 1.
sand-shell plateaus, 1, 2, 3, 4.
Fimbristylis caroliniana (Lam.) Fern. Carolina Fim
Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small. Saw Palmetto. Co
bry. Stoloniferous tufted perennial on moist brackish
lonial recumbent shrub of hammocks, pineland-rose
fiat behind strand vegetation, I.
mary scrub, dunes, and sand-shell plateaus behind Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br. (F. spathacea Roth). Hur
strand, 1, 2, 3,4.
ricane-grass. Cespitose perennial of brackish road
BROMELIACEAE - Pineapple Family shoulders and margins of shore thickets, 1, 5.
Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. Ball-moss. Abundant pe Fimbristylis spadicea (L.) Vah!. (F. castanea [Michx.]
rennial epiphyte in hammocks, especially on Quercus, Vahl). Marsh Fimbry. Rhizomatous wiry perennial of
Juniperus, and Conocarpus, 1, 2, 3, 4. salt marshes, dune swales, and saline shores generally, 1.
Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. Spanish-moss, Long Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Pax. Tufted scapose
moss. Abundant perennial epiphyte in hammocks, es annual in moist open places, 1.
peciallyon Quercus, Juniperus, and Conocarpus, 1, 2, Rhynchospora colorata (L.) Pfeiffer (Dichromena co
3,4. lorata (L.) Hitchc.) Star-rush, White-topped Sedge.
1995] THORNE: FORT DESOTO FLORA 107
Rhizomatous, erect perennial in moist depression in Eragrostis elliottii S. Wats. Elliott Lovegrass. Tall
hammock, I. perennial on sand-shell plateaus, 1.
Rhynchospora megalocarpa A. Gray. Beak-rush. Eriochloa michauxii (Poir.) Hitchc. Tall tufted pe
Handsome rhizomatous perennial of hammock mar rennial on beach, 1.
gins and rosemary scrub, I, 2. Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv. Finger Grass. Peren
Rhynchospora plumosa Ell. Tufted perennial in rose nial decumbent at base, in gmssy open, often disturbed,
mary scrub, I. places, 1, 2, 3, 4.
Scleria triglomerata Michx. Nut-rush. Rhizomatous Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. var. jilipes (M.
perennial in hammocks, 1,2,4. A. Curtis) Chapm. Tall cespitose perennial of beaches
and hammocks, 1.
HYDROCHARITACEAE-Frog's-bit Family Panicum amarum Ell. Beachgrass. Tall rhizomatous
Halophila engelmannii Aschers. Sea-grass. Rhizo perennial on beaches and dunes, 1.
matous perennial of deeper marine water, found float Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. var. bartowense
ing in Boca Ciega Bay but possibly brought in by tidal (Scribn. & Merr.) Fern. Fall Panicum. Stout annual of
water from Gulf of Mexico. moist margins and disturbed places, I, 5.
Thallasia testudinum Banks & Soland. Turtle-grass. Panicum virgatum L. Switchgrass. Tall rhizomatous
Rhizomatous perennial forming extensive marine perennial of shores and hammocks, 1,4.
meadows with Halodule and Syringodium in the shal *Paspalum notatum Flugge. Bahia Grass. Rhizo
low waters of Boca Ciega and Tampa Bays, I, 2, 3, 4, 5. matous naturalized perennial in disturbed places, 1,4.
Paspalum setaceum Michx. Thin Paspalum. Vari
ORCHIDACEAE-Orchid Family able rhizomatous perennial in weedy, grassy places, 1,
Encyclia tampensis (Lindl.) Small. Butterfly Orchid. 2.
Evergreen perennial epiphyte on hammock trees, es *Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C. E. Hubb. Natal
peciallyon Quercus, Juniperus, and Conocarpus, 1,2,4. grass. Handsome perennial in open, grassy, disturbed
H abenaria floribunda Lindley (H. odontopetala places, 4, 5.
Reichb. f.). Terrestrial tuberiferous orchid in rosemary Setaria corrugata (Ell.) Schult. Coastal Foxtail. Slen
scrub, 1. der annual from decumbent base, road margins and
grassy openings, 1.
POAcEAE-Gmss Family Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. Knotroot Foxtail.
Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S.P. Bushy Blue
Wiry rhizomatous perennial in open gmssy places, 1,2.
stem. Tall rhizomatous perennial in open areas, 1,4.
Setaria macrosperma (Scribn. & Merr.) Schum. Cor
Aristida purpurascens Poir. var. purpurascens Ar
al Foxtail. Robust perennial of shores and hammock
rowfeather. Tufted perennial of rosemary scrub and
margins, 2, 4.
dune plateaus, 1. Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Cordgrass. Stout tufted
Cenchrus incertus M. A. Curtis (c. longispinus perennial on saline shores, often inundated, I, 4.
(Hack.) Fern. Coast Sandbur, Burgrass. Tufted annual
Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. Slender Cordgrass. Rhi
or perennial from decumbent base in rosemary scrub,
zomatous perennial on saline shores, I.
hammock margins, and open areas, as inner edge of Sporobolus domingensis (Trin.) Kunth. Coral Drop
dunes and flats behind strand vegetation, 1, 2, 4.
seed. Tufted perennial of sand-shell plateaus, flats be
*Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda Grass. Rhi hind mangroves, and hammock margins, 1, 2.
zomatous perennial in disturbed open areas, I. Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth. Seashore Drop
Dichanthelium aciculare (Desv.) Gould & Clark.
seed. Rhizomatous perennial on saline shores, 1,2,4.
Needle-leaf Witchgrass. Erect tufted perennial in rose
Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze. St. Au
mary scrub and hammocks, 1,4.
gustine Grass. Rhizomatous perennial in open grassy
Dichanthelium commutatum (Schult.) Gould. Erect
places, 2, 4.
tufted perennial in hammocks, 4,5. Tridens flavus (L.) Hitchc. Tall Redtop. Tall husky
Dichanthelium ensifolium (Baldw.) Gould var. en
perennial on grassy roadside, 5.
sifolium. Sprawling to erect perennial in open, often Tripiasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapm. Sandgrass. Tufted
moist, grassy places behind beaches, in rosemary scrub,
annual on beaches, I.
and hammocks, I. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. Gama Grass. Robust
Dichanthelium portoricense (Lam.) B. F.Hansen & rhizomatous perennial of hammocks and open places,
Wunderlin. Sprawling to erect perennial in rosemary
1,2,3,4.
scrub and open grassy places in hammocks, 1,4,5. Uniola paniculata L. Sea-oats. Beautiful and robust
Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. Southern Crabgrass. rhizomatous colonial perennial on dunes, I.
Tall annual in open grassy areas, 1, 4.
Digitaria villosa (Walt.) Pers. Shaggy Crabgrass. Ces SMILACACEAE-Greenbrier Family
Smilax auriculata Walt. Greenbrier, Catbrier. Woody
pitose perennial on roadside, 1,4.
vine of hammocks and Sabal flats, 1,2,4,5.
Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene? Salt Grass. Observed
Smilax bona-nox L. Woody spinescent vine of ham
as sterile plants in brackish places, 1, 2, but not col
mocks, Sabal flats, and thickets, 1, 2, 3, 4.
lected; possibly confused with Sporobolus virginicus.
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. Jungle-rice. Tufted an TYPHACEAE-Cattail Family
nual in open disturbed places, 1. Typha domingensis Pers. Southern Cattail. Tall co
*Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Goose Grass. Weedy lonial perennial in wet depression, I.
annual in disturbed places, 2, 5. XYRIDACEAE-Yellow-eyed-gmss Family
Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br. Lovegrass. Weedy tuft Xyris brevifolia Michx. Yellow-eyed-grass. Tufted
ed annual in open disturbed places, I, 2. scapose herb in rosemary scrub, 1.
108 SELBYANA [Volume 16(1)
STATISTICAL SUMMARY ApPENDIX 1
Listed in the annotated catalog are 290 species, Additional Species on Keys in and Shores of
including 257 indigenous and 33 apparently in Boca Ciega Bay, Possibly to be Found in Fort
troduced, belonging to 88 families, 84 indigenous DeSoto Park
and 4 introduced, and 225 genera, 199 indige
nous and 26 introduced. The six largest families
are Asteraceae with 39 species, including 4 in DICOTYLEDONEAE
troduced; Poaceae with 36 species, 4 introduced;
AMARANTHACEAE-Pigweed Family
Cyperaceae with 23 species, 2 introduced; Fa
baceae with 23 species, 2 introduced; Euphor Amaranthus hybridus L. Common Pigweed. Erect
annual in open disturbed places, Cabbage Key.
biaceae with 12 species, all indigenous; and Ru
biaceae with 10 species, 1 introduced. The six ASn"RAcEAE-Aster Family
largest genera are Cyperus with 11 species, in Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Common Ragweed. Weedy
annual in open disturbed places, Long and Mud Keys;
cluding 2 introduced, Chamaesyce with all 7 spe
Gulfport.
cies indigenous, and Dichanthelium, Eupato
Aster subulatus Michx. var.ligulatus Shinners. Aster.
rium, Hedyotis, and Ipomoea each with 4 indig
Erect annual in moist sand, Cabbage Key and Cat's
enous species. Also listed in APPENDIX 1 are Point (Maximo Point area).
45 additional species, 9 of them introduced, that Flaveria linearis Lag. Yellow Top. Erect subshrub of
were collected on adjacent keys and shores of sandy shores, Sand and Long Keys; Gulfport.
Boca Ciega Bay and that might be expected to Gaillardia pulchella Foug. Blanket Flower. Erect an
occur in the Park. nual or short-lived perennial of sand-shell plateaus be
hind dunes, Long and Mud Keys.
Haplopappus divaricatus (Nutt.) A. Gray. Scratch
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS daisy. Erect weedy annual of sandy roadside, Cabbage
Key.
I would especially like to acknowledge the help
Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock. Bitterweed. Erect
ofWalenty L. Grabowski, Park Supervisor, and weedy annual on sand-shell plateau, Pine Key.
his rangers during my various visits to the Park Pectis linearifolia Urban. Florida Fetid marigold.
over the years. They have taken me to a number Erect annual on sandy roadside, Cabbage Key.
of plants and locations that I might otherwise *Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. Creeping-oxeye.
have overlooked. Mr. Grabowski has inspired Creeping perennial on sand-shell plateaus, Cabbage and
me to make this list for the benefit of other park Long Keys.
visitors and his staff. Also Richard P. Wunderlin, BORAGINACEAE-Borage Family
Professor of Botany at the University of South Heliotropium angiospermum Murray. Scorpion-tail.
Florida, Tampa, has made helpful suggestions Erect annual on sand-shell plateaus, Pine and Mud
Keys; Cat's Point.
about the paper, and supplied much useful lit
erature. C/STACEAE (Rockrose Family)
Lechea torreyi Leggett. Pinweed. Erect perennial in
open sandy area, Cabbage Key.
REFERENCES CITED
CONVOLvuL4cEAE-Morning Glory Family
o. Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. var. acuminata
LoNG R. W. AND LAKELA. 1971. A flora oft ropical
Florida. A manual of the seed plants and ferns of (Yahl) Fosb. Morning-glory. Twining herbaceous vine
on sand-shell plateau, Mud Key.
southern peninsular Florida. Univ. Miami Press,
Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f. Noyou Vine.
Coral Gables, Florida. 962 pp.
Twining herbaceous vine on sand-shell plateau, Cabb
WUNDERLIN R. P. 1982. Guide to the vascular plants
bage Key; Gulfport.
of central Florida. Univ. Presses ofFloridalUniv.
South Florida Book, Tampa. 472 pp. *C lUSSUL4CEAE-Stonecrop Family
--, G. B. FLEMING, AND B. F. HANSEN. 1992. "Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. Life Plant. Erect
Checklist of the vascular plants of the Florida sun succulent perennial in disturbed places, Cabbage Key.
coast. An annotated list of the native and natu
CUCURBITACEAE (Gourd Family)
ralized vascular plants ofC itrus, Hernando, Pasco,
"Momordica charantia L. Wild Balsam-apple.
Pinellas, Hillsborough, Manatee, and Sarasota
Climbing herbaceous vine in shore thickets, Gulfport.
counties. Univ. South Florida Inst. System. Bot.,
Tampa. 63 pp. EBENAcEAE-Ebony Family
--, B. F. HANsEN, AND D. W. HALL. 1985. The Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon. Small tree in
vascular flora of central Florida: taxonomic and shore hammock, Maximo Point.
nomenclatural changes, additional taxa. Sida 11: EUPHORBIACEAE-Spurge Family
232-244. Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Small Tropical Spurge.
--. 1988. The vascular flora of central Florida: Erect weedy annual on sand-shell plateau, Cabbage Key.
taxonomic and nomenclatural changes, additional "Ricinus communis L. Castor Bean. Weedy large
taxa, II. Sida 13: 83-91. shrub in disturbed place, Long Key.
1995] THORNE: FORT DESOTO FLORA 109
FABACEAE-Legume Family ARECACEAE-Palm Family
*Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don (C. intermedia Kot *Washingtonia robusta Wendl. Mexican Fan Palm.
schy, misapplied). Rattlebox. Taprooted annual in open Volunteering on sand-shell plateaus of Cabbage and
area, Cabbage Key. Tarpon Keys.
*Crotalaria pallida Ait. var. obovata (G. Don) Pol
BRoMELIAcEAE-Bromeliad Family
hill. (C.mucronata Desv.) Smooth Rattlebox. Weedy
Tillandsia setacea Sw. Needleleaf Air Plant. Epi
annual in open disturbed area, Long Key.
phytic perennial on Juniperus in shore hammock, Cat's
GENTIANAcEAE-Gentian Family Point.
Sabatia stellaris Pursh. Marsh-pink. Erect annual on
CYPERACEAE-Sedge Family
sand-shell plateau, Gulfport.
Scirpus robustus Pursh. Saltmarsh Bulrush. Erect rhi
LOASACEAE-Loasa Family zomatous perennial in salt marshes, Cabbage Key,
Mentzeliafloridana Nutt. Poor-man's Patches. Erect Gulfport, and Maximo Point.
perennial with sticky leaves on sand-shell plateau, Long Scleria cilata Michx. Fringed Nut-rush. Erect rhi
Key. zomatous perennial on sand-shell plateau, Cabbage Key.
MALVACEAE-Mallow Family JUNCAcEAE-Rush Family
Malvastrum corchorifolium (Desr.) Britt. False Mal Juncus roemerianus Scheele. Black Rush. Rhizo
low. Subshrubbt herb on grassy shoreside of ham matous perennial in salt marshes, Gulfport and Max
mock, Maximo 1,oint. imo Point.
POLYGALACEAE-Milkwort Family JUNCAGINACEAE-Arrowgrass Family
Polygala incarnata L. Wild-batchelor's Button. Slen Triglochin striata R. & P. Arrowgrass. Erect peren
der erect annual on sand-shell plateaus, Pine and Long nial of wet, brackish shores and mangrove borders,
Keys. Cat's Point and Gulfport.
POLYGONACEAE-Buckwheat Family ORCHIDAcEAE-Orchid Family
Rumex hastatulus Baldw. Hastate-leaved Dock. Erect Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) A. A. Eat. . Bulbi
taprooted annual on grassy bank behind mangroves, S ferous perennial in shaded moist thicket, Long Key.
of Treasure Island Causeway. POACEAE-Grass Family
Rumex verticillatus L. Swamp Dock. Erect perennial Leptochoa uninervia (Presl) Hitchc. & Chase. Mex
on brackish shore, Gulfport. ican Spangletop. Tufted annual of shores and ham
RUBlAcEAE-Madder Family mock margins on Cabbage Key.
Psychotria nervosa Sw. Wild-coffee. Tropical shrub Monanthochloe littoralis Engelm. Shoregrass, Key
in shore hammock, Maximo Point. grass. Creeping wiry-stemmed perennial, tufted from
rhizomes, in salina at Gulfport.
RUTACEAE-Citrus Family
*Citrus auranti/olia (Christm.) Swingle. Key Lime. *Oplismenus setarius (Lam.) R. & S. Woodsgrass,
Small tree in shore hammock, Maximo Point. Basketgrass. Sprawling weedy matted grass, rooting at
Zanthoxylumfagara (L.) Sarg. Wild-lime. Tropical nodes, in moist hammocks at Maximo and Cat's Points.
Paspalum vaginatum Sw. Seashore Crowngrass.
shrub in shore hammocks, Long and Mud Keys; Max
imo Point. Rhizomatous perennial of brackish shores on sandy
key nw of Mullet Key, Maximo and Cat's Points, and
SCROPHULARIACEAE-Figwort Family Gulfport.
Buchnera americana L. Bluehearts. Erect perennial Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. Gulf Cordgrass.
on sand-shell plateau, Gulfport. Rhizomatous perennial in salt marsh behind man
groves at Cat's Point.
~ONoconYLEDONEAE RUPPIACEAE-Widgeon-grass Family
Ruppia maritima L. Widgeon-grass, Ditch-grass,
AGAvAcEAE-Century Plant Family
Beaked Seatassel. Shallow water of Boca Ciega Bay on
Agave neglecta Small. Wild Century Plant. Shrubby
east side of Cabbage Key.
semisucculent rosette plant with tall scape, sand-shell
plateaus, Long Key and Gulfport.