Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: A Comprehensive Review, Textbook with CD-ROM

990 Pages·2005·21.479 MB·English

by  Wesley Moore

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Vascular and
Endovascular Surgery
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SEVENTH EDITION
Vascular and
Endovascular
Surgery:
A Comprehensive Review
Wesley S. Moore, MD
Professor and Chief Emeritus
David Geffen School of Medicine
University of California, Los Angeles
Vascular Surgeon
University of California, Los Angeles,
Center for the Health Sciences
Los Angeles, California
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1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
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Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY: ISBN 13: 978-1-4160-0183-6
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ISBN 10: 1-4160-0183-2
Copyright 2006, 2002, 1998, 1993, 1991, 1986, 1983 by Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
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Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or
appropriate. Readers are advised to checck the most current information provided (i) on procedures
featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose
or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of
the practitioner, relaying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to
determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety
precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Authors assume any liability
for any injury and/or damage to persons or porperty arising out or related to any use of the material
contained in this book.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Vascular and endovascular surgery: a comprehensive review / [edited by] Wesley S.
Moore.–7th ed.
p. ; cm.
Rev. ed. of: Vascular surgery. 6th ed. c2002.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-4160-0183-2
1. Blood-vessels–Surgery. I. Moore, Wesley S. II. Vascular surgery.
[DNLM: 1. Vascular Surgical Procedures. 2. Vascular Diseases–surgery. WG 170
V3283 2006]
RD598.5.V374 2006
617.4′13–dc22 2005042847
Acquisitions Editor:Judith Fletcher
Developmental Editor:Denise LeMelledo
Publishing Services Manager:Tina Rebane
Senior Project Manager:Amy Norwitz
Interior Design Direction: Steven Stave
Cover Designer: Steven Stave
Printed in the United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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The seventh edition of this book is dedicated to the next generation of vascular surgeons.
The effort that has gone into this book by the editor and chapter contributors is directed
primarily to the education of our trainees. The future of our specialty will be in their
capable hands.
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Contributors
William A. Abbott, MD Jeffrey L. Ballard, MD
Professor of Surgery Clinical Professor of Surgery
Harvard Medical School University of California, Irvine
Massachusetts General Hospital School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts Staff Vascular Surgeon
Vascular Grafts: Characteristics and Rational St. Joseph Hospital
Selection Orange, California
Anatomy and Surgical Exposure of the
Samuel S. Ahn, MD Vascular System
Professor of Surgery and Director of
Endovascular Surgery
Wiley F. Barker, MD
David Geffen School of Medicine Professor Emeritus (Surgery/Vascular Surgery)
University of California, Los Angeles University of California, Los Angeles
Attending Surgeon Los Angeles, California
University of California, Los Angeles,
A History of Vascular Surgery
Medical Center
Los Angeles, California
Michael Belkin, MD
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Vascular Disease
Division of Vascular Surgery
of the Upper Extremity
Brigham & Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
George Andros, MD
Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease
Assistant Clinical Professor of Vascular Surgery
University of Southern California
Robert S. Bennion, MD
Los Angeles, California
Professor of Surgery
Director, Vascular Laboratory
David Geffen School of Medicine
Providence St. Joseph Medical Center
University of California, Los Angeles
Burbank, California
Los Angeles, California
Arterial Access; Guidewires, Catheters,
Attending Surgeon
and Sheaths; and Balloon Angioplasty
Los Angeles County Olive View Medical Center
Catheters
Sylmar, California
Niren Angle, MD, RVT Hemodialysis and Vascular Access
Assistant Professor of Surgery In Residence
University of California, San Diego, John Bergan, MD
School of Medicine Professor of Surgery
Attending Vascular Surgeon University of California, San Diego,
University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine
Medical Center San Diego, California
San Diego, California Staff Surgeon
Thrombolytic Therapy for Vascular Disease Scripps Memorial Hospital
Acute Arterial and Graft Occlusion La Jolla, California
Prosthetic Graft Infections Varicose Veins: Chronic Venous Insufficiency
J. Dennis Baker, MD Ramon Berguer, MD, PhD
Division of Vascular Surgery Professor and Chief
David Geffen School of Medicine Frankel Professor of Vascular Surgery
University of California, Los Angeles University of Michigan Medical Center
Gonda (Goldschmied) Vascular Center Ann Arbor, Michigan
Los Angeles, California Surgical Reconstruction of the Supra-aortic Trunks
The Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory and Vertebral Arteries
vii
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viii Contributors
Frederic S. Bongard, MD Ralph G. DePalma, MD
Chief, Division of Trauma and Critical Care Professor of Surgery
University of California, Los Angeles, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Harbor View Medical Center Bethesda, Maryland
Torrance, California Consultant in Surgery
Vascular Trauma National Director of Surgery
Department of Veterans Affairs
Ruth L. Bush, MD District of Columbia Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Assistant Professor Washington, DC
Division of Vascular Surgery and Atherosclerosis: Pathology, Pathogenesis, and
Endovascular Therapy Medical Management
Michael E. DeBakey Department Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction
of Surgery
Baylor College of Medicine Magruder C. Donaldson, MD
Assistant Professor Associate Professor of Surgery
Department of Vascular Surgery Harvard Medical School
Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Staff, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts
Houston, Texas Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease
Angioplasty and Stenting for Aortoiliac Disease:
James M. Edwards, MD
Technique and Results
Associate Professor of Surgery
Division of Vascular Surgery
Michael T. Caps, MD, MPH
Oregon Health and Science University
Division of Vascular Therapy
Chief of Surgery
Hawaii Permanente Medical Group
Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center
Honolulu, Hawaii
Portland, Oregon
Angioplasty and Stenting for Infrainguinal
Nonatherosclerotic Vascular Disease
Disease: Technique and Results
Cindy L. Felty, RN, MSN, CNP, FCCWS
Deborah R. Caswell, RN, ANP Assistant Professor of Medicine
Director, Gonda Wound Care Center Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
David Geffen School of Medicine Director, Vascular Ulcer/Wound Healing Clinic
University of California, Los Angeles Vascular Center
Los Angeles, California Mayo Clinic
The Wound Care Center and Rochester, Minnesota
Limb Salvage Lymphedema
Alexander W. Clowes, MD D. Preston Flanigan, MD
Professor of Surgery Clinical Professor of Surgery
University of Washington School of Medicine University of California, Irvine
Seattle, Washington School of Medicine
Medical Director
Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology of the
St. Joseph’s Hospital Vascular Institute
Vascular Wall
Orange, California
Aneurysms of the Peripheral Arteries
Sheila M. Coogan, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Julie A. Freischlag, MD
Stanford University School of Medicine
William Stewart Halsted Professor and
Chief, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
Chairman of Surgery
Palo Alto VA Hospital
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Palo Alto, California
Surgeon-in-Chief
Arterial Access; Guidewires, Catheters,
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
and Sheaths; and Balloon Angioplasty
Baltimore, Maryland
Catheters
Prosthetic Graft Infections
Richard H. Dean, MD Brian Funaki, MD
Professor of Surgery Associate Professor of Radiology
Wake Forest University School of Medicine Section Chief, Angiography and Interventional Radiology
President and CEO University of Chicago
Wake Forest University Health Sciences Pritzker School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina Chicago, Illinois
Management of Renovascular Disease Visceral Ischemic Syndromes
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Contributors ix
Hugh A. Gelabert, MD Kimberley J. Hansen, MD
Professor of Surgery Professor of Surgery
David Geffen School of Medicine Head, Section on Vascular Surgery
University of California, Los Angeles Wake Forest University School of Medicine
Attending Staff Winston-Salem, North Carolina
University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Center Management of Renovascular Disease
Los Angeles, California
Primary Arterial Infections and Antibiotic Paul B. Haser, MD
Prophylaxis Clinical Assistant Professor of Surgery
Portal Hypertension University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
Medical School
Bruce L. Gewertz, MD Newark, New Jersey
Dallas B. Phemister Professor and Chairman, Arterial Access; Guidewires, Catheters,
Department of Surgery and Sheaths; and Balloon Angioplasty
University of Chicago Catheters
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chief, Section of Vascular Surgery Kim J. Hodgson, MD
University of Chicago Medical Center Professor and Chairman, Division of
Chicago, Illinois Vascular Surgery
Visceral Ischemic Syndromes Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield, Illinois
Peter Gloviczki, MD
Endovascular Treatment of
Professor of Surgery
Renovascular Disease
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Chair, Division of Vascular Surgery Larry H. Hollier, MD
Director, Gonda Vascular Center Professor of Surgery and Dean
Mayo Clinic Louisiana State University School of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota New Orleans, Louisiana
Vascular Malformations Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Thoracic and Lumbar Sympathectomy:
Indications, Technique, and Results Douglas B. Hood, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery and Radiology
Jerry Goldstone, MD
Keck School of Medicine
Professor of Surgery
University of Southern California
Case School of Medicine
Los Angeles, California
Case Western Reserve University
Endovascular Treatment of
Chief, Division of Vascular Surgery
Renovascular Disease
University Hospitals of Cleveland
Cleveland, Ohio
Glenn C. Hunter, MD
Aneurysms of the Aorta and Iliac Arteries Professor of Surgery
Chief of Vascular Surgery
Antoinette S. Gomes, MD
University of Texas Medical Branch
Professor of Radiological Sciences and Medicine
Galveston, Texas
Department of Radiological Sciences
Noninfectious Complications in Vascular Surgery
David Geffen School of Medicine
University of California, Los Angeles
Ted R. Kohler, MD, MSc
Los Angeles, California
Professor of Surgery
Principles of Imaging in Vascular Disease
University of Washington School of Medicine
Carlos Gracia, MD Chief, Peripheral Vascular Surgery
Associate Professor of Surgery Puget Sound Healthcare System
Chief of Minimally Invasive Surgery Seattle, Washington
David Geffen School of Medicine Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology of the
University of California, Los Angeles Vascular Wall
Los Angeles, California Myointimal Hyperplasia
Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery for Aneurysms and
Toshifumi Kudo, MD, PhD
Occlusive Disease: Technique and Results
Endovascular Research Fellow
Lazar J. Greenfield, MD Division of Vascular Surgery
Professor of Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine
Chair, Emeritus University of California, Los Angeles
University of Michigan Medical School Los Angeles, California
Ann Arbor, Michigan Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Vascular Disease
Venous Thromboembolic Disease of the Upper Extremity
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x Contributors
Gregory J. Landry, MD James M. Malone, MD
Associate Professor of Surgery Clinical Professor of Surgery
Division of Vascular Surgery University of Arizona College of Medicine
Dotter Interventional Institute Tucson, Arizona
Oregon Health and Science University Chief of Vascular Services
Portland, Oregon Scottsdale Healthcare-Shea
Nonatherosclerotic Vascular Disease Scottsdale, Arizona
Natural History and Nonoperative Treatment of Lower Extremity Amputation
Chronic Lower Extremity Ischemia
John A. Mannick, MD
Peter F. Lawrence, MD Professor of Surgery
Bergman Professor and Chief of Vascular Surgery Harvard Medical School
David Geffen School of Medicine Staff, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
University of California, Los Angeles Boston, Massachusetts
Director, Gonda (Goldschmied) Vascular Center Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease
Los Angeles, California
Jon S. Matsumura, MD
The Wound Care Center and Limb Salvage
Associate Professor of Surgery
Timothy K. Liem, MD Feinberg School of Medicine
Associate Professor of Surgery Northwestern University
Oregon Health and Science University Attending, Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Attending Surgeon Chicago, Illinois
Oregon Health Science University Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic
Legacy Emanuel Hospital Aneurysms: Technique and Results
Portland, Oregon
David S. Maxwell*, MD
Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Formerly, Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology
Peter H. Lin, MD David Geffen School of Medicine
Assistant Professor University of California, Los Angeles
Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy Formerly, Professor of Surgery and Anatomy
Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery Charles Drew Medical School
Baylor College of Medicine Los Angeles, California
Assistant Professor Embryology of the Vascular System
Department of Vascular Surgery
James F. McKinsey, MD
Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Associate Professor of Clinical Surgery
Houston, Texas
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
Angioplasty and Stenting for Aortoiliac Disease:
Adjunct Associate Professor
Technique and Results
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Site Chief, Division of Vascular Surgery
Evan C. Lipsitz, MD
Columbia University Medical Center
Associate Professor of Surgery
Assistant Attending Surgeon
Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
New York-Presbyterian Hospital
Attending Physician
New York, New York
Montefiore Medical Center
Visceral Ischemic Syndromes
Bronx, New York
Femoral, Popliteal, and Tibial Occlusive Disease Louis M. Messina, MD
Professor of Surgery and Chief
G. Matthew Longo, MD
Division of Vascular Surgery
Assistant Professor of Vascular Surgery
University of California, San Francisco
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Moffitt Hospital
Omaha, Nebraska
San Francisco, California
Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic
Splanchnic and Renal Artery Aneurysms
Aneurysms: Technique and Results
Erica L. Mitchell, MD
Alan B. Lumsden, MD
University of Colorado
Professor and Division Chief
Health Sciences Center
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Therapy
Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery
Denver, Colorado
Baylor College of Medicine
Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Professor and Chief of Division of Vascular Surgery
Natural History and Nonoperative
Department of Vascular Surgery
Treatment of Chronic Lower Extremity
Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Ischemia
Houston, Texas
Angioplasty and Stenting for Aortoiliac Disease:
Technique and Results *Deceased