Values and Choices in Television Discourse: A View from Both Sides of the Screen PDF
Preview Values and Choices in Television Discourse: A View from Both Sides of the Screen
Values and Choices in Television Discourse AlsobyRobertaPiazza MARKEDIDENTITIES(co-edited) THEDISCOURSEOFITALIANCINEMA TELECINEMATICDISCOURSE(co-edited) AlsobyLouannHaarman EVALUATIONANDSTANCEINWARNEWS(co-edited) AlsobyAnneCaborn MONEYFIGHTCLUB THESMARTWAYTOSAVEMONEYONEPUNCHATATIME(co-authored) Values and Choices in Television Discourse A View from Both Sides of the Screen Editedby Roberta Piazza UniversityofSussex,UK Louann Haarman UniversityofBologna,Italy Anne Caborn TheContentLab,UK Selectionandeditorialcontent©RobertaPiazza,LouannHaarman andAnneCaborn2015 Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-47846-7 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthis workinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2015by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-58003-3 ISBN 978-1-137-47847-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137478474 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. Contents ListofFiguresandTables viii Acknowledgements x NotesonContributors xi AWordofIntroduction xv RobertaPiazza,LouannHaarmanandAnneCaborn Part I TheAnalysis of theTelevision Product RobertaPiazzaandLouannHaarman 1 PromotionalVideos:WhatDoTheyTellUsaboutthe ValueofNews? 5 MonikaBednarekandHelenCaple 2 EvaluationasPositioninginEnglishLanguageWorld NewsChannels:CCTV,France24,RussiaToday,AlJazeera 31 AlisonDuguid 3 CameraAnglesinTelevisionNews:Designedto Communicate? 59 ScottKoga-Browes 4 OverweightandObesityinTVNews 87 CatrionaBonfiglioli 5 Television,CollectiveMemoryandtheCommemoration Cure 109 NuriaLorenzo-Dus 6 TheRepresentationofTravellersinTelevision Documentaries:DispellingStigmawhileDealingwith InfotainmentDemands 132 RobertaPiazza v vi Contents 7 MasterChef:CookingCompetitionacrossCultures 158 LouannHaarman Part II What’sBehindthe Screen? HilaryBruffellandAnneCaborn 8 WhatMakestheNewsNewsworthy:PositionandPriority asConsiderationsintheChannel4NewsRoom 185 JonSnow 9 NewsasPoliticalCommitmentandObservationson Obesity 190 CathyNewman 10 EngagingaDaytimeTelevisionAudienceviaPopular MagazineProgramming:AQuestionofBalance 194 LukeChilton 11 It’sNotaDisasterifItDoesn’tMakethe9O’ClockNews: HowFactualProgrammingCanShapePerceptionsand ResponsestoMajorDisasters 201 CliveJones 12 CommercialImperativesandTheirImpactontheValues oftheContemporaryDocumentaryandRealityFormats 207 PeterHamilton 13 Documentary-Making:ACommercialandPublic BroadcasterPerspective 216 OliviaLichtenstein 14 CompetitionandCookeryinaGlobalCulturalFormat 223 KarenRossandDougWood 15 TheMoralsoftheMoneyShot:TheJournalisticand PersonalPerspectiveonCreatingaPornDocumentaryfor Channel4 229 MartinDaubney 16 AuthenticityinDocumentary-Making 234 AnyaSitaram Contents vii 17 DocumentaryandRealityTVasModernFairytales: AnOdysseyinCharacter,ContentandCommissioning 240 JanEudenandMickSawyer 18 TheInterplaybetweenConflictandCharacterinDrama andItsPossibleInfluencesontheConstructionofReality Programming 246 HarryDuffin Index 251 Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 StillsfromtheSydneyMorningHeraldpromo 17 1.2 StillsfromTheGuardianpromo 20 1.3 StillsfromtheBBCWorldNewspromo 22 1.4 StillsfromtheABCNews24promo 23 1.5 Examplesofhowthevalueofpreferredprovideracross platformsisvisuallyconstructed 25 2.1 Twopresidents,CCTVnews,18December2013 43 2.2 Victorysaluteinsplitscreen,CCTVnews,18December 2013 45 2.3 EUflagatIndependenceSquare,AlJazeeranews,18 December2013 47 2.4 PicnicinIndependenceSquare,F24news,18December 2013 49 2.5 Lunge,RTnews,18December2013 53 3.1 Distributionofverticalcameraangles 65 3.2 Distributionofhorizontalcameraangles 66 3.3 NHKlow-angleshotofgirlattopofstairs:Positional motivation 71 3.4 NHKlow-angleshotofcampaigningpolitician: Positionalmotivation 71 3.5 High-angleBBCshotofpolice:Possiblepositional motivation 72 3.6 Relationallow-angleshot:Peopleandsun 73 3.7 Relationallow-angleshot:Visitorswithfan 73 3.8 Foreshorteningusedtoincreasepictorialscope 74 3.9 Low-angleshotshowingpoliticianshakinghands 75 3.10 Lowangleshotshowinggame-players’hands 77 3.11 High-angleshotsandframingsizes 78 3.12 NHKhighangle:CrowdatOkinawaprotest 79 3.13 BBChighangle:Conferencecrowd 79 3.14 NHKhighangle:Earthquakerescue 80 3.15 BBChighangle:Groupoutsidecourt 80 3.16 Policeofficerpicturedfromlowangle 82 3.17 Commutersportrayedfromlowangle 83 viii ListofFiguresandTables ix 5.1 Visuallycombined(polishedandunpolished) remembering 118 6.1 Interviewees’gazeinTT 138 6.2 Hare-huntinginTT 143 6.3 HeadlesswomeninTTaT 148 6.4 RecyclablerubbishinTT 150 7.1 MCUK:Michael’selimination(centre) 166 7.2 MCUS:Malcolm’selimination 168 7.3 MCAUS:Jay’selimination 170 7.4 Indirectasides:US,AUS,UK 173 Tables 1.1 Definitionsofvalue 6 1.2 Collocationanalysis:values 7 1.3 Definingnewsvalues 8 1.4 Spokentextinthefourvideos 13 1.5 Exampleofmultimodaltranscriptforoneshotofthe SMH promotionalvideo 15 2.1 Worldnewscorpus 36 2.2 Countryandidentity 37 3.1 Codingscheme 64 3.2 Distributionofverticalcameraangles 66 3.3 Distributionofhorizontalcameraangles 66 3.4 Cross-tabulationofdistributionofcutstakenfrom varyingverticalandhorizontalcameraangles,BBCand NHKcombinedtotal 67 4.1 Televisionnewsangles:Categoriesofnewsangleswith examples,televisionsource,date,andfrequency 93 4.2 Responsibilityframingcategoriesandfrequency 96 5.1 Commemorationdiscourseontelevision–Ananalytic corpus 113 7.1 EssentialfeaturesofUK,AustralianandUSeditions 160 12.1 Top10UKfactualseries,2013 210
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