USA - Old Town San Diego, California

8 Pages·2005·1.407 MB·English

Old Town
Our Mission
The mission of the California Department of
San Diego
Parks and Recreation is to provide for the
health, inspiration and education of the T
people of California by helping to preserve oday’s Plaza
the state’s extraordinary biological diversity,
State Historic Park
protecting its most valued natural and remains the heart
cultural resources, and creating opportunities
for high-quality outdoor recreation. of Old Town.
Discover the lives of
those who came before
to better understand
California State Parks does not discriminate
how California
against individuals with disabilities. Prior to
arrival, visitors with disabilities who need
came to be.
assistance should contact the park at the phone
number below. To receive this publication in an
alternate format, write to the Communications
Office at the following address.
CALIFORNIA STATE PARKS
P. O. Box 942896
Sacramento, CA 94296-0001
For information call: [phone]
[phone], outside the U.S.
711, TTY relay service
www.parks.ca.gov
Old Town San Diego
25¢
State Historic Park
Proceeds from the
4002 Wallace Street sale of this brochure
San Diego, Ca 92110 pay for reprinting
costs.
[phone]
© 2002 California State Parks (Rev. 11/04) Printed on Recycled Paper
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ld Town San Diego State The Mexican Period
Historic Park pays tribute to the Mexico gained independence from Spain
cultural influences that make O in 1821, but it was 1822 before a new
California special. Restored and rigina military command arrived in San Diego.
l in
reconstructed buildings in central the O At this time the small settlement consisted
San Diego are now museums, akla of the nearby presidio housing a military
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capture the energy of Old seum its labor force of Kumeyaay Indians, and
Town between 1821 and 1872. of Ca the port, where ships stopped to trade
The central plaza is lined with lifornia for supplies.
, K
ah Spanish soldiers began building
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llection r1e8s2i0dse. nScuens-d breielodw a dPorebseid biori cHki lwl ains tthhee early
traditional building material, since wood
California Rancho Scene, Alfred Scully, 1848 was scarce. Soon five houses belonging
to the Carrillo (and later Fitch), Ruiz,
Ybañes, Serrano and Marron families
first the Kumeyaay were friendly with the
became the nucleus of the community.
settlers, but this changed when their
By 1825 the adobes formed a rough but
traditions and beliefs came into conflict.
orderly street pattern around an open
Diseases introduced by the settlers
plaza. Two of the finest structures, begun
decimated entire villages, and the native
Old Town San Diego, 1846 in 1827 and still standing, belonged to
culture nearly disappeared.
José Antonio Estudillo and his brother-
buildings—some dating back to the 1820s— Spanish Settlement in-law, Juan Bandini.
that offer a glimpse of the lifestyles of both In 1769 Spanish colonization of Alta
ordinary residents and the most wealthy California began in San Diego with con-
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and influential. struction of the royal Presidio and the rigin
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A BRIEF HISTORY fDirisrte cinte ad c bhya itnh oef p 2a1d Creasli,f omrnisisai omni sInsidoinasn.s l in the M
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borders of the river that supplied the native factured goods and luxury items from the geles C
people with many of life’s necessities. At United States, Europe and China. ou
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The American Period by
San Diego’s Mexican era ended abruptly in Sa
1846, when the United States declared war
on Mexico. Initially there was little resistance ex
to American occupation, but the situation tio
eventually turned San Diego families an
against one another. Some remained loyal in
to Mexico, while others supported the la
th
Machado y Stewart Garden Mason Street School Go
to
James Marshall’s gold discovery
Americans and other foreigners often in
at Coloma in January 1848 lured
enjoyed the customs and festivities of ce
adventurers from around the
San Diego. The open plaza hosted in
world. San Diego became an
fiestas, bullfights, games of chance, and se
important stopover for miners en
amusements that offered the opportunity co
route to the gold fields, and
for wagering. on
immigrants crowded into avail-
Th
able housing. Adobes were
tid
remodeled, and new structures
ea
were built. In 1851 prefabricated
Commodore ep
wood-frame buildings, brought
Robert F. Stockton
ta
in
Colorado House (Wells Fargo History Museum)
ar
United States. The town was occupied and ne
won back several times—one major battle Un
took place in nearby San Pasqual Valley. In To
1846 U.S. Navy Commodore Robert F. cr
Stockton permanently captured San Diego. ho
The war between Mexico and the United Fr
States ended in 1848 with the signing of a
the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, estab- Lo
lishing a new boundary between the two of
countries. McCoy House
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by ship around the Horn, were assembled in
San Diego.
Following the Mexican War, California G
uided walks explain
experienced a major political transforma-
Old Town’s story, and
tion—a new Constitution written in 1849
living history
and statehood in 1850. San Diego was
interpreters give faces
incorporated as a city, and new American
law was codified. and voices to the people
By 1856, with the decline of who shaped it.
the military presence and the
l
Gold Rush land boom, the
town turned into a small,
ry
insular community. In the U.S.
La Casa de Estudillo
census of 1860, only seven
individuals identified them-
selves as merchants. Fire was a the old settlement. Govern-
en
constant threat, and in the 1860s ment offices moved to the
one misfortune after another struck. new community, taking
The storms of 1861-62 brought high along much of Old Town’s
tides and flooding. In May 1862 a severe economic base. Hope for
Docents in period attire
earthquake was followed by a smallpox Old Town’s revitalization
d
epidemic. Several years of drought devas- died in the spring of 1872, when fire
tated the ranchos and the cattle industry destroyed seven buildings, including the visitors, and in the 1930s several buildings
in Southern California. old courthouse. were built to enhance its appearance as
In 1867 San Franciscan Alonzo Horton Restoration a “Spanish Village.” In 1968 Old Town
arrived in San Diego to begin building In 1907 sugar magnate John D. Spreckels San Diego became a State Historic Park,
nearby New Town. In 1868 the San Diego purchased the remains of Casa de Estudillo and the process of rediscovering and
Union began publication in what is now Old and began the first efforts to revive Old preserving the historic town began anew.
Town. The 1869 discovery of gold in Julian Town. Public fascination with Helen Hunt
created a need for supplies, services and Jackson’s romantic novel, Ramona, led to
housing—a boon to San Diego’s economy. restoration of the building advertised as
From 1868 to 1874, Albert Seeley operated “Ramona’s Marriage Place.” In 1908 more
a stagecoach line between San Diego and restoration began. These buildings helped
Los Angeles. However, it was only a matter renew interest in San Diego’s Spanish and
of time before New Town began to eclipse Mexican roots. Auto touring brought more
Mexican-era dress
shoe for a man
LIVING HISTORY
Make your visit memorable by entering
into the spirit of Old Town San Diego.
Enjoy its history, museums, period
demonstrations, entertainment, programs
and activities.
Guided walks reveal Old Town’s story,
and living history interpreters give faces
and voices to the people who shaped it.
Visit some of the oldest buildings and
historic sites in California. Today’s plaza
remains the heart of Old Town. Discover
the lives of those who came before to
better understand how California came
to be.
Diegueño Indians drawn by artist with the
1849 U.S. Boundary Commission expedition
NEARBY STATE PARKS
• Torrey Pines State Reserve and State
Beach, one mile south of Del Mar
[phone]
• Silver Strand State Beach,
41/ miles south of Coronado
2
[phone]
• Border Field State Park (Tijuana Estuary),
15 miles south of San Diego
[phone]
• San Pasqual Battlefield State Historic
Park, 8 miles south of Escondido
[phone]
The Cosmopolitan Hotel, as it appeared
in the early 1870s
This park is supported in part
through a nonprofit organization.
For more information contact:
Boosters of Old Town San Diego
State Historic Park, 4002 Wallace
Street, San Diego, Ca 92110-2743
[phone] • www.ot-boot.com
OTSD 2004 reprint 2
Mexican-era dress
shoe for a man
LIVING HISTORY
Make your visit memorable by entering
into the spirit of Old Town San Diego.
Enjoy its history, museums, period
demonstrations, entertainment, programs
and activities.
Guided walks reveal Old Town’s story,
and living history interpreters give faces
and voices to the people who shaped it.
Visit some of the oldest buildings and
historic sites in California. Today’s plaza
remains the heart of Old Town. Discover
the lives of those who came before to
better understand how California came
to be.
Diegueño Indians drawn by artist with the
1849 U.S. Boundary Commission expedition
NEARBY STATE PARKS
• Torrey Pines State Reserve and State
Beach, one mile south of Del Mar
[phone]
• Silver Strand State Beach,
41/ miles south of Coronado
2
[phone]
• Border Field State Park (Tijuana Estuary),
15 miles south of San Diego
[phone]
• San Pasqual Battlefield State Historic
Park, 8 miles south of Escondido
[phone]
The Cosmopolitan Hotel, as it appeared
in the early 1870s
This park is supported in part
through a nonprofit organization.
For more information contact:
Boosters of Old Town San Diego
State Historic Park, 4002 Wallace
Street, San Diego, Ca 92110-2743
[phone] • www.ot-boot.com
OTSD 2004 reprint 2
Accessibility improvements are currently
in progress throughout Old Town. Please
contact the park facility or concession for
the most current information. Call ahead,
[phone], to arrange accessible tours.
Printing costs for this brochure
are provided through the park’s
nonprofit support group. Sales
fees recoup printing costs and
enable continued brochure
production.
1/3/05, 3:55 PM
Accessibility improvements are currently
in progress throughout Old Town. Please
contact the park facility or concession for
the most current information. Call ahead,
[phone], to arrange accessible tours.
Printing costs for this brochure
are provided through the park’s
nonprofit support group. Sales
fees recoup printing costs and
enable continued brochure
production.
1/3/05, 3:55 PM