US 929: Health and safety at events — Requirements

2011·1.4 MB·English

by  Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS)

Republic of Uganda
≠ EDICT OF GOVERNMENT ±
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US 929 (2011) (English): Health and safety at
events — Requirements

US 929
UGANDA STANDARD

First Edition
2011-mm-dd

Health and safety at events — requirements

Reference number
US 929: 2011
© UNBS 2011
US 929: 2011
Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are
responsible for its correct application
© UNBS 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written
permission from UNBS.
Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to
The Executive Director
Uganda National Bureau of Standards
P.O. Box 6329
Kampala
Uganda
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.unbs.go.ug
ii © UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved
US 929:2011
Contents
Page
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ ix 
1  Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 
3  Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 1 
3  Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 1 
4  Health and safety responsibilities ....................................................................................................... 6 
4.1  General ................................................................................................................................................... 6 
4.2  Organizing safe working conditions ................................................................................................... 7 
4.2.1  General ................................................................................................................................................... 7 
4.2.2  Competence ........................................................................................................................................... 7 
4.2.3  Control .................................................................................................................................................... 7 
4.2.4  Cooperation ........................................................................................................................................... 7 
4.2.5  Communication ..................................................................................................................................... 7 
4.3  Duties of the site/venue owner ............................................................................................................ 7 
4.4  National occupational health and safety legislation .......................................................................... 7 
4.5  Duties of employers and contractors .................................................................................................. 8 
4.6  Duties of employees .............................................................................................................................. 8 
4.7  Legal position of self-employed people .............................................................................................. 8 
5  Safety planning for an event ................................................................................................................ 9 
5.1  Feasibility study .................................................................................................................................... 9 
5.2  Planning phases .................................................................................................................................... 9 
5.3  Planning for the build-up .................................................................................................................... 10 
5.4  Pre-production ..................................................................................................................................... 10 
5.5  Planning for the set-up ....................................................................................................................... 11 
5.6  Planning for the event ......................................................................................................................... 11 
5.7  Planning for post-event management ............................................................................................... 11 
5.8  Identification of required processes or services ............................................................................. 11 
5.9  Implementation .................................................................................................................................... 12 
5.10  Measurement and evaluations ........................................................................................................... 12 
5.10.1  Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................ 12 
5.10.2  Audit and review .................................................................................................................................. 12 
5.10.3  Monitoring safety performances ........................................................................................................ 12 
5.11  Role of the safety coordinator ........................................................................................................... 13 
5.12  Auditing and reviewing safety performances .................................................................................. 13 
6  Risk assessment ................................................................................................................................. 13 
7  Planning and management ................................................................................................................. 14 
7.1  Health and safety planning ................................................................................................................. 14 
7.2  Health and safety policy ..................................................................................................................... 15 
8  Venue and site design......................................................................................................................... 15 
8.1  Capacity ................................................................................................................................................ 15 
8.2  Exits ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 
8.3  Venue access ....................................................................................................................................... 16 
8.4  Entrances ............................................................................................................................................. 16 
8.5  Sight lines ............................................................................................................................................ 17 
8.6  Video screens ...................................................................................................................................... 17 
8.7  Seating/standing arrangements ......................................................................................................... 17 
8.8  Slopes ................................................................................................................................................... 17 
8.9  Observation points .............................................................................................................................. 17 
8.10  Production infrastructure ................................................................................................................... 17 
© UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved iii
US 929: 2011
8.11  Fire and medical precautions .............................................................................................................18 
8.12  Site workers ..........................................................................................................................................18 
8.13  Hospitality area ....................................................................................................................................18 
8.14  Noise considerations ..........................................................................................................................18 
8.15  Catering and merchandising ..............................................................................................................18 
8.16  Front-of-stage barriers ........................................................................................................................18 
8.17  Signage .................................................................................................................................................19 
8.18  Public facilities .....................................................................................................................................19 
8.18.1  Sanitary facilities .................................................................................................................................19 
8.18.2  Welfare and information points ..........................................................................................................19 
8.19  Excess patrons ....................................................................................................................................19 
8.20  Final site design ...................................................................................................................................19 
9  Fire safety .............................................................................................................................................19 
9.1  Venue capacity and emergency evacuation .....................................................................................19 
9.2  General principles of emergency evacuation ...................................................................................20 
9.3  Buildings designed for indoor public assembly ..............................................................................20 
9.4  Buildings not designed for indoor public assembly ........................................................................21 
9.5  Sports stadiums ...................................................................................................................................21 
9.6  Outdoor venues ...................................................................................................................................21 
9.6.1  Exits ......................................................................................................................................................21 
9.6.2  Marquees or tented structures ...........................................................................................................21 
9.7  Stairways ..............................................................................................................................................23 
9.8  Ramps ...................................................................................................................................................24 
9.9  Exits ......................................................................................................................................................24 
9.10  Doors and escape routes ....................................................................................................................24 
9.11  Fastenings on doors and gates ..........................................................................................................24 
9.12  Self-closing devices for fire doors .....................................................................................................25 
9.13  Exit and directional signs ...................................................................................................................25 
9.14  Normal and emergency lighting .........................................................................................................25 
9.15  Fire-fighting equipment .......................................................................................................................25 
9.15.2  Fire-fighting equipment for outdoor venues .....................................................................................26 
9.15.3  Hose reels .............................................................................................................................................26 
9.15.4  Fire involving electrical equipment....................................................................................................26 
9.16  Fire retardancy of curtains, drapes and other materials .................................................................26 
9.17  Artificial and dried foliage ...................................................................................................................27 
9.18  Special risks .........................................................................................................................................27 
9.19  Warning systems .................................................................................................................................28 
10  Incident planning (emergency planning) ..........................................................................................28 
10.1  Major and minor incident planning ....................................................................................................28 
10.2  Event risk assessment ........................................................................................................................30 
10.3  Coordination of emergency services ................................................................................................31 
10.4  Venue Operations Centre (VOC) ........................................................................................................31 
10.5  Emergency services vehicles .............................................................................................................31 
10.6  Voluntary agencies ..............................................................................................................................31 
10.7  Bomb threats ........................................................................................................................................31 
11  Communication ....................................................................................................................................31 
11.1  Communication and coordination .....................................................................................................31 
11.2  Communication during the event planning phase ...........................................................................31 
11.3  Preparation of key support documentation ......................................................................................31 
11.4  Framework for handling the event .....................................................................................................32 
11.5  Communication controls in the VOC/JOC ........................................................................................33 
11.6  Off-site links .........................................................................................................................................33 
11.7  Radio communication .........................................................................................................................34 
11.8  Telephone equipment ..........................................................................................................................34 
11.9  Communication procedures ...............................................................................................................34 
11.10  Message delivery and acknowledgement .........................................................................................35 
11.11  Situation reports ..................................................................................................................................35 
11.12  Alerting procedures .............................................................................................................................35 
iv © UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved
US 929:2011
11.13  Regular updating ................................................................................................................................. 36 
11.14  Record-keeping ................................................................................................................................... 36 
11.15  Training, briefing and preparation ..................................................................................................... 36 
11.16  Public information and communication ............................................................................................ 36 
11.16.1 Public address (PA) systems ............................................................................................................. 36 
11.16.2 Loudhailers .......................................................................................................................................... 36 
11.16.3 Emergency public announcements ................................................................................................... 36 
12  Crowd management, crowd control and contingency planning .................................................... 37 
12.1  Planning ............................................................................................................................................... 37 
12.2  Entry and exit of the attendees .......................................................................................................... 38 
12.3  Opening time ........................................................................................................................................ 39 
12.4  Crowd pressure at entrances ............................................................................................................. 39 
12.5  Body searching .................................................................................................................................... 40 
12.6  The pit ................................................................................................................................................... 40 
12.7  Late leavers .......................................................................................................................................... 40 
12.8  Admission policies .............................................................................................................................. 40 
12.9  Facilities for people with special needs ............................................................................................ 41 
12.10  Opening entrances and front-of-stage area ..................................................................................... 41 
12.11  Ticketing ............................................................................................................................................... 41 
12.12  Police involvement .............................................................................................................................. 42 
12.13  Stewards and security personnel ...................................................................................................... 42 
12.14  Conduct of stewards ........................................................................................................................... 43 
12.15  Welfare of stewards ............................................................................................................................. 44 
13  Transport and traffic management .................................................................................................... 44 
13.1  Transport management....................................................................................................................... 44 
13.2  Traffic marshalling .............................................................................................................................. 45 
13.3  Buses .................................................................................................................................................... 45 
13.4  Vehicle access ..................................................................................................................................... 45 
13.5  Parking ................................................................................................................................................. 45 
13.6  Emergency access .............................................................................................................................. 46 
13.7  Pedestrians .......................................................................................................................................... 46 
13.8  On-site vehicle management and temporary roadways .................................................................. 46 
13.9  Fork lift trucks ...................................................................................................................................... 47 
13.10  Other vehicles used on-site ............................................................................................................... 47 
14  Structures ............................................................................................................................................. 47 
14.1  Temporary structures ......................................................................................................................... 47 
14.1.1  General ................................................................................................................................................. 47 
14.1.2  Design and erection ............................................................................................................................ 47 
14.1.3  Kinds of structure ................................................................................................................................ 48 
14.1.4  Marquees or tented structures ........................................................................................................... 48 
14.2  Choosing the supplier ......................................................................................................................... 52 
14.3  Design ................................................................................................................................................... 53 
14.4  Assembly and erection ....................................................................................................................... 53 
14.5  Protection against falling ................................................................................................................... 54 
14.6  Protection from falling objects .......................................................................................................... 54 
14.7  Safe handling of loads ........................................................................................................................ 54 
14.8  Dismantling .......................................................................................................................................... 55 
14.9  Design concept and statement .......................................................................................................... 55 
14.10  Construction drawings ....................................................................................................................... 55 
14.11  Safety method statement .................................................................................................................... 55 
14.12  Certification .......................................................................................................................................... 55 
14.13  Before admitting the audience ........................................................................................................... 56 
14.14  Monitoring after erection .................................................................................................................... 56 
14.14.1 Temporary structures ......................................................................................................................... 56 
14.14.2 People at work ..................................................................................................................................... 56 
14.14.3 Falling objects ..................................................................................................................................... 56 
14.15  Public protection against falls ........................................................................................................... 56 
14.16  Providing adequate lighting ............................................................................................................... 56 
© UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved v
US 929: 2011
14.17  Marking of obstructions and edges ...................................................................................................57 
14.18  Altering of structures ..........................................................................................................................57 
14.19  Work near temporary structures ........................................................................................................57 
14.20  Managing the loads .............................................................................................................................57 
14.21  Roofs, stages, seating and platforms ................................................................................................57 
14.21.1 Seating stands .....................................................................................................................................57 
14.21.2 Scaffolding for lighting towers and special effects .........................................................................58 
14.21.3 Platforms, public decks, skyboxes, floor leveling and decks for marquees .................................58 
14.21.4 Screens (plasma, video, LED, LCD, etc) ............................................................................................59 
14.21.5 TV platforms/camera towers ...............................................................................................................59 
14.21.6 Crane jibs/giraffes/remote control boom arms .................................................................................59 
14.21.7 Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs), scissor lifts and boom lifts ......................................59 
14.21.8 Platforms/ramps for persons with disabilities ..................................................................................60 
14.21.9 Sanitation ..............................................................................................................................................60 
14.21.10  Screened barriers .........................................................................................................................60 
14.21.11  Sound dampers around generators ...........................................................................................60 
14.21.12  Caravans .......................................................................................................................................60 
14.21.13  Temporary Modular Buildings (TMBs) .......................................................................................61 
14.21.14  Light duty frame towers ..............................................................................................................61 
14.21.15  Aluminium zip towers ..................................................................................................................63 
14.21.16  Ladders .........................................................................................................................................63 
15  Barriers .................................................................................................................................................63 
15.1  General ..................................................................................................................................................63 
15.2  Front-of-stage barrier ..........................................................................................................................64 
15.3  The pit ...................................................................................................................................................64 
15.4  Construction of front-of-stage barriers .............................................................................................64 
15.5  Shape of front-of-stage barriers .........................................................................................................65 
15.6  Barrier around thrusts .........................................................................................................................65 
15.7  Multiple-barrier systems .....................................................................................................................65 
16  Planning for electrical installations and lighting ..............................................................................66 
16.1  Electrical installation and lighting .....................................................................................................66 
16.2  Planning ................................................................................................................................................66 
16.3  Installation ............................................................................................................................................66 
16.4  Cabling ..................................................................................................................................................67 
16.5  Electricity utility and cables ...............................................................................................................67 
16.6  Access to electrical equipment ..........................................................................................................67 
16.7  Generators ............................................................................................................................................68 
16.8  Electricity to the stage area and effects lighting ..............................................................................68 
16.9  Normal lighting circuits .......................................................................................................................68 
16.10  Emergency lighting circuits ................................................................................................................68 
16.11  Management of lighting circuits .........................................................................................................69 
16.12  Lighting levels for emergency exits...................................................................................................69 
16.13  Portable electrical appliances ............................................................................................................69 
17  Facilities ................................................................................................................................................69 
17.1  General ..................................................................................................................................................69 
17.2  Setting up, operation and dismantling ..............................................................................................70 
17.3  Merchandising and special licensing ................................................................................................70 
17.4  Catering facilities .................................................................................................................................71 
17.4.1  Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) ..........................................................................................................71 
17.4.2  Flammable liquids................................................................................................................................71 
17.4.3  Electrical installations .........................................................................................................................71 
17.4.4  Fire fighting ..........................................................................................................................................72 
18  Refreshments .......................................................................................................................................72 
18.1  Food safety ...........................................................................................................................................72 
18.2  Drinking water ......................................................................................................................................72 
18.3  Alcohol and bar area ...........................................................................................................................73 
18.4  Pit area ..................................................................................................................................................73 
18.5  Drainage ................................................................................................................................................73 
vi © UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved
US 929:2011
19  Amusements, attractions and promotional displays ....................................................................... 74 
20  Sanitary facilities ................................................................................................................................. 75 
20.1  Sanitary facilities for attendees ......................................................................................................... 75 
20.2  Sanitary facilities for event workers .................................................................................................. 76 
21  Waste management ............................................................................................................................. 76 
22  Sound, noise and vibration ................................................................................................................ 76 
23  Non-explosive special effects and pyrotechnics ............................................................................. 76 
23.1  General ................................................................................................................................................. 76 
23.2  Non-explosive special effects ............................................................................................................ 76 
23.2.1  General requirements for projectors ................................................................................................. 76 
23.2.2  Ultraviolet (UV) light ............................................................................................................................ 77 
23.3  Pyrotechnics (explosive special effects) .......................................................................................... 77 
23.3.1  Theatrical and stage pyrotechnics, public fireworks displays and explosive special
effects ................................................................................................................................................... 77 
23.3.2  Operation .............................................................................................................................................. 78 
23.4  Regulations and controls for pyrotechnics ...................................................................................... 78 
23.5  Risk assessment for the use of pyrotechnics .................................................................................. 78 
24  Camping events ................................................................................................................................... 79 
25  Events on, at or near water ................................................................................................................ 79 
25.1  Risk assessment ................................................................................................................................. 79 
25.2  Safety of participants .......................................................................................................................... 80 
25.3  Safety of spectators ............................................................................................................................ 80 
25.4  Electrical safety ................................................................................................................................... 80 
25.5  Foreign objects .................................................................................................................................... 80 
25.6  Rescue teams ...................................................................................................................................... 80 
25.7  Water rescue craft ............................................................................................................................... 80 
25.8  Water rescue staff ............................................................................................................................... 81 
25.9  Water rescue equipment ..................................................................................................................... 81 
25.10  Rescue coordinator ............................................................................................................................. 81 
26  Facilities for persons with disabilities .............................................................................................. 82 
26.1  General ................................................................................................................................................. 82 
26.2  Access .................................................................................................................................................. 82 
26.3  Ramps ................................................................................................................................................... 82 
26.4  Viewing area ......................................................................................................................................... 82 
27  Medical and emergency care management ...................................................................................... 82 
27.1  Personnel management ...................................................................................................................... 82 
27.2  Planning ............................................................................................................................................... 83 
27.3  Information ........................................................................................................................................... 83 
27.4  Helicopters ........................................................................................................................................... 83 
27.5  Communication ................................................................................................................................... 83 
27.6  Medical services in pit areas .............................................................................................................. 83 
27.7  On-site medical facilities .................................................................................................................... 83 
27.8  Maps and plans .................................................................................................................................... 84 
27.9  Staffing plan ......................................................................................................................................... 84 
27.10  General requirements for the medical facility .................................................................................. 84 
27.11  Welfare of medical personnel ............................................................................................................ 85 
27.12  Emergency facilities for employees and event workers ................................................................. 85 
27.13  Provision of medical and emergency care ....................................................................................... 85 
28  Calculation ........................................................................................................................................... 88 
29  Children ................................................................................................................................................ 89 
30  Performers ........................................................................................................................................... 90 
31  Media..................................................................................................................................................... 90 
31.1  General ................................................................................................................................................. 90 
31.2  Pre-event publicity .............................................................................................................................. 90 
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US 929: 2011
31.3  During the event ...................................................................................................................................90 
Annex A (normative) The five stages of an event ........................................................................................92 
Annex B (informative) Additional terminology .............................................................................................93 
Bibliography ......................................................................................................................................................95 

viii © UNBS 2011 – All rights reserved