Urinalysis and Body Fluids

336 Pages·2014·16.16 MB·English

by  Susan King Strasinger

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Urinalysis
and Body Fluids
SIXTH EDITION
Susan King Strasinger, DA, MLS(ASCP)
Faculty Associate
Clinical Laboratory Sciences Program
The University of West Florida
Pensacola, Florida
Marjorie Schaub Di Lorenzo, BS, MLS(ASCP)SH
Adjunct Instructor
Division of Laboratory Sciences
Clinical Laboratory Science Program
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska
and
Phlebotomy Technician Program Coordinator
Health Professions
Nebraska Methodist College
Omaha, Nebraska
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Strasinger, Susan King, author.
Urinalysis and body fluids / Susan King Strasinger, Marjorie Schaub Di Lorenzo. — Sixth edition.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8036-3920-1 (pbk. : alk. paper)
I. Di Lorenzo, Marjorie Schaub, 1953- author. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Urinalysis—methods. 2. Body Fluids—chemistry. QY 185]
RB53
616.07’566—dc23
2013021830
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To Harry—you will always be my Editor-in-Chief
—SKS
To my husband, Scott; my daughter, Lauren;
my sons, Michael and Christopher;
my daughters-in-law, Kathleen and Ashley;
and my grandsons, Cameron and Joseph.
—MSD
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Preface
As will be apparent to readers, the sixth edition of Urinalysis Each chapter opens with objectives and key terms and
and Body Fluids has been substantially revised and enhanced. concludes with multiple choice questions for student review.
However, the objective of the text—to provide concise, com- In response to readers’ suggestions, the number of color images
prehensive, and carefully structured instruction in the analysis and figures has been significantly increased. The text has been
of nonblood body fluids—remains the same. extensively supplemented with tables, summaries, and proce-
This sixth edition has been redesigned to meet the changes dure boxes. Case studies in the traditional format and clinical
occurring in both laboratory medicine and instructional situations relating to technical considerations included at the
methodology. end of the chapters offer students an opportunity to think crit-
To meet the expanding technical information required by ically about the material. A new feature, Historical Notes, pro-
students in laboratory medicine, all of the chapters have been vides a reference for topics or tests that are no longer routinely
updated. Chapter 1 covers overall laboratory safety, precautions performed. Another new feature, Technical Tips, emphasizes
relating to urine and body fluid analysis, and the importance of information important to performing procedures. An answer
quality assessment and management in the urinalysis laboratory. key for the study questions, case studies, and clinical situations
Preexamination, examination, and postexamination variables, is included at the end of the book. Key terms appear in bold-
procedure manuals, and current regulatory issues are stressed. face blue color within the chapters. General medical terms
Chapter 6 includes numerous additional images showing appear in boldface in the text and are also included in the
the various urine microscopic components. In Chapters 7 and Glossary. The abbreviations noted inboldface red colorhave
8 the most frequently encountered diseases of glomerular, been collected in a convenient Abbreviations list at the back
tubular, interstitial, vascular, and hereditary origin are related of the book. An electronic test bank, chapter-by-chapter Power-
to their associated laboratory tests. To accommodate advances Points, a searchable digital version of the textbook, resources
in laboratory testing of cerebrospinal, seminal, synovial, serous, for instructors, and interactive exercises and animations for
and amniotic fluids, all of the individual chapters have been students are provided on the DavisPlus Web site.
enhanced, and additional anatomy and physiology sections We thank our readers for their valuable suggestions, which
have been added for each of these fluids. An entirely new chapter have guided us in creating this exciting new edition and the
(Chapter 15) dedicated to vaginal secretions and covering electronic ancillary supports.
proper specimen collection and handling, diseases, and related Susan King Strasinger
diagnosis laboratory tests has been added.
Marjorie Schaub Di Lorenzo
Appendix A provides coverage of the ever-increasing
variety of automated instrumentation available to the urinalysis
laboratory. Appendix B discusses the analysis of bronchoalveolar
lavage specimens, an area of the clinical laboratory that has
been expanding in recent years.
v
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Reviewers
Lorraine Doucette, MS, MLS(ASCP)CM
Associate Professor and Medical Laboratory Technician Program Coordinator
Anne Arundel Community College
Arnold, Maryland
Pamela B. Lonergan, MS, MT(ASCP)SC
Medical Technology Program Director
Department of Nursing and Allied Health
Norfolk State University
Norfolk, Virginia
Jessica Loontjer, MLS(ASCP)CM, LS(ASCP)CM
Clinical Instructor, Special Chemistry and Urinalysis/Body Fluids
Nebraska Methodist Hospital Laboratory
Omaha, Nebraska
Michelle Moy, MAd Ed, MT(ASCP)SC
Program Director
Clinical Laboratory Science Program
Loyola University
Chicago, Illinois
C. Thomas Somma, PhD
Associate Professor
School of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Sciences
College of Health Sciences
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, Virginia
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Acknowledgments
Many people deserve credit for the help and encouragement over the years: Donna L. Canterbury, BA, MT(ASCP)SH;
they have provided us in the preparation of this sixth edition. Joanne M. Davis, BS, MT(ASCP)SH; M. Paula Neumann,
Our continued appreciation is also extended to all of the MD; Gregory J. Swedo, MD; and Scott Di Lorenzo, DDS.
people who were instrumental in the preparation of previous We also thank Sherman Bonomelli, MS, for contributing
editions. original visual concepts that became the foundation for many
The valuable suggestions from previous readers and the of the line illustrations, and the students from the University
support from our colleagues at the University of West Florida, of West Florida, specifically Jennifer Cardenas, Shannel
Northern Virginia Community College, University of Nebraska Hill, Jelma Moore, and William Laguer, who worked under
Medical Center, and Methodist Hospital have been a great asset the guidance of Sherman Bonomelli to produce many of
to us in the production of this new edition. We thank each and the new images. Images for Chapter 14 were provided by
every one of you. Brenda Franks has provided us with many Carol Brennan, MT(ASCP), Diane Siedlik, MT(ASCP), Chris-
valuable documents for reference in this text. The authors thank tian Herdt, MT(ASCP), and Teresa Karre, MD, from Methodist
and acknowledge Pamela S. Hilke, MS, CT(ASCP), Education Hospital.
Coordinator and Instructor, and Sophie K. Thompson, MHS, We would like to express our gratitude for the help, patience,
CT, (ASCP) (IAC), Program Director and Associate Professor of guidance, and understanding of our editors at F. A. Davis: Christa
the Cytotechnology Program at the School of Medical Diagnos- Fratantoro, Senior Acquisitions Editor; George Lang, Manager of
tic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Content Development, Health Professions/Medicine; and Molly
Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, for their contributions M. Ward, Development Editor. We thank all the members of the
of spectacular cytology images. F. A. Davis team who were instrumental in bringing this edition
We extend special thanks to the people who have pro- to fruition: Elizabeth Stepchin, Alisa Hathaway, Carolyn O’Brien,
vided us with so many beautiful photographs for the text and Sharon Lee.
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