Urdu Hindi: An Artificial Divide (Politics of Language)

418 Pages·2006·4.46 MB·English

by  Abdul Jamil Khan

U /H :
RDU INDI
A A D
N RTIFICIAL IVIDE

The Politics of Language
U /H :
RDU INDI
A A D
N RTIFICIAL IVIDE
African Heritage, Mesopotamian
Roots, Indian Culture & British
Colonialism
Abdul Jamil Khan
Algora Publishing
New York
© 2006 by Algora Publishing
All Rights Reserved
www.algora.com
No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by
Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976)
may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the
express written permission of the publisher.
ISBN-10: 0-87586-437-6 (soft cover)
ISBN-10: 0-87586-438-4 (hardcover)
ISBN-10: 0-87586-439-2 (ebook)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data —
Khan, Abdul Jamil.
The Politics of Language. Urdu/Hindi: an artificial divide: African heritage,
Meso-
potamian roots, Indian culture & Bristish Colonialism / Abdul Jamil Khan.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-87586-438-4 (hard cover : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-437-6
(pbk : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-439-2 (ebook)
1. Urdu language—History. 2. Urdu language—Classification. 3. Hindi
language—History. 4. Hindi language—Classification. I. Title.
PK1971.K435 2006
491.4'3—dc22
2006010961
Cover Image: Hieroglyphs in stones, Manali, Himachal Pradesh, India
Image: © Paul C. Pet/zefa/Corbis
Photographer: Paul C. Pet
Printed in the United States
Abbreviations
ABBREVIATIONS
Languages
AKK - Akkadian
ARAB, AR - Arabic
ARAM - Aramaic
ASY - Assyrian
BR - Brahui
ELAM - Elamite
GO - Gond
GR - Greek
HEB - Hebrew
HIN - Hindi
HITT - Hittite
HUR - Hurrian
HUR-MIT - Hurrian-Mitanni
KA - Kannada
KUR - Kurux
LAT - Latin
LEXI - Lingua Extinctorum Indica
MA - Malayalam
MAL - Malto
PERS - Persian
PKT - Prakrit
SKT - Sanskrit
S, SUM - Sumerian
TA - Tamil
TE - Telugu
URD - Urdu
Language Families and Types
AA - Austro-Asiatic
AM - Austric-Munda
DR - Dravidian
GEAS - Grand Euro-Asiatic Super Family
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Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide
IA - Indo-Aryan
IE - Indo-European
LBW - Language of Business and Work
LOR - Language of Rearing
LRR - Language of Religious Ritual
LST - Language of Science and Technology
MAF - Mesopotamia Ancient Family
MIA - Middle Indo-Aryan
MEIA - Middle East Indo-Asiatic
MUNDRAVI - Munda-Dravidian (hybrid)
NEAS - North-Euro-Asiatic-Super Family
NIA - Neo-Indo-Aryan
PDR - Proto-Dravidian
PIE - Proto-Indo-European
PED - Proto-Elamo-Dravidian
PII - Proto-Indo-Iranian
PIR - Proto-Iranian
SAH - South Asian Hindustani
SEAS - South-Euro-Asiatic-Super Family
SEM - Semitic
Language Scripts
ABS - Asokan Brahmi Script
APS - Arabic Persian Script
CFS - Cuneiform Script
DNS - Dev-Nagari Script
GRS - Greco-Roman Script
PAS - Phoenician-Aramic Script
Miscellaneous
AAA - Aligarh Alumni Association
AMU - Aligarh Muslim University
BJP - Bhartiya Janta Party
DC - Delhi College
DED - Dravidian Etymological Dictionary
viii
Abbreviations
Desi - term for person from Indian subcontinent
EIC - East India Company
FWC - Fort William College
HMS - Hindu Maha Sabha
HPSV - Hearing, Perception, Speech and Vocalization System
INC - Indian National Congress
IRS - Indian Religion System
IVC - Indus-Valley Culture
MAOC - Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College
ML - Muslim League
MP - Madhaya Pradesh
PWM - Progressive Writers’ Movement
RV - Rig Ved
RSS - Rashtriya Soyam Sevak Sangh
TB - Tad Bhav (altered Sanskrit word)
TS - Tat Sam (pure Sanskrit word)
UP - Uttar Pradesh
WW - World War
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