Up From Bondage: The Literatures of Russian and African American Soul

263 Pages·2000·1.231 MB·English

by  Dale E. Peterson

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   
   
   Durham&London 
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©DukeUniversityPress
Allrightsreserved
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper!
DesignedbyC.H.Westmoreland
TypesetinQuadraatbyTsengInformationSystems,Inc.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataappear
onthelastprintedpageofthisbook.
Portionsoftheprologuefirstappearedin‘‘JustifyingtheMar-
gin:TheConstructionof‘Soul’inRussianandAfricanAmeri-
canTexts,’’SlavicReview():–;chapter,in‘‘Civiliz-
ingtheRace:ChaadaevandtheParadoxofEurocentricNation-
alism,’’RussianReview():–;chapter,in‘‘Notes
fromtheUnderworld:Dostoevsky,DuBois,andtheDiscovery
of EthnicSoul,’’MassachusettsReview(summer):–
;chapter,in‘‘TheOriginandEndofTurgenev’sSportsman’s
Notebook:ThePoeticsandPoliticsofaPrecariousBalance,’’Rus-
sianLiterature():–;chapter,in‘‘Underground
Notes:Dostoevsky,Bakhtin,andtheAfricanAmericanConfes-
sionalNovel,’’inBakhtinandtheNation,ed.DonaldA.Wesling
etal.(Lewisburg,Pa.:BucknellUniversityPress,),–;
chapter,in‘‘RichardWright’sLongJourneyfromGorkyto
Dostoevsky,’’AfricanAmericanReview():–;chap-
ter,in‘‘‘SamovarLife’:RussianNurtureandRussianNature
in the Rural Prose of Valentin Rasputin,’’ Russian Review 
():–;theepilogue,in‘‘ResponseandCall:TheAfrican
AmericanDialoguewithBakhtin,’’AmericanLiterature():
–.
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so Acknowledgments ix
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3 JustifyingtheMargin:TheCulturalConstruction
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6 of‘‘Soul’’ 
1 CivilizingtheRace:TheMissionaryNationalism
ofChaadaevandCrummell 
2 ConservingtheRace:TheEmergenceofCultural
Nationalism 
3 NotesfromtheUnderworld:Dostoevsky,DuBois,and
theUnveilingofEthnic‘‘Soul’’ 
4 RecoveringtheNativeTongue:Turgenev,Chesnutt,
andHurston 
5 UndergroundNotes:Double-Voicednessand
thePoeticsofNationalIdentity 
6 NativeSonsAgainstNativeSoul:MaximGorkyand
RichardWright 
7 EurasiansandNewNegroes:TheInventionof
MulticulturalNationalism 
8 PreservingtheRace:Rasputin,Naylor,andtheMystique
ofNative‘‘Soul’’ 
Epilogue
ResponseandCall:TheAfricanAmericanDialogue
withBakhtin 
Notes 
SelectBibliography 
Index 
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so Thisbookhasalonghistory,andIhaveaccumulatedmanydebtstothose
r
te whohavenurtureditsgrowth.Tothebestofmyrecollection,itstarted
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togerminatefifteenyearsagoinmidairovertheAtlantic.Stimulatedby
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0 amemorableconversationwithHoustonBakerJr.onaflighttoMoscow
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fora Soviet-American conference on literature and national identity, I
begantoreflectonthestrongaffinityexpressedbycontemporaryAfrican
AmericanculturaltheoristsforthedialogicthoughtofMikhailBakhtin.
Aftermanyyearsofteachingandthinkingabouttheparallelsandcon-
trastsbetweenRussianandAmericanliterature,Ifinallybegantoappre-
ciatetheparticularrelevanceoftheemancipationofserfsandslavesfor
theliteraryformsandculturaltheoriescreatedbythemostinnovative
RussianandAfricanAmericanwriters.
Icouldnothavedaredtoexploresovastaterrainonmyownwith-
outtheintellectualencouragementprovidedbytwomentors.Myearly
yearsofteachingatAmherstCollegebroughtmeintocloseassociation
with Leo Marx,who offered me a model of cultural criticism and tex-
tualfidelityIshallalwayshopetoemulate.Myformercolleague,Robert
Gooding-Williams,allowedhimselftobepersuadedtocollaboratewith
meseveraltimesinteachinganupper-levelinterdisciplinarycourseon
theconstructionof RussianandAfricanAmerican‘‘soul.’’Hispatient
tutelage and philosophical mind provided much moral support in the
classroomandimprovedmanyapageofmywriting.
Crucial portions of my research depended on access to special col-
lections.IamgratefultotheBoardof TrusteesofAmherstCollegefor
makingpossibleaFacultyResearchGrantthatenabledmytraveltothe
CzechRepublicandtoHowardUniversityinpursuitofmyworkonthe
RussianEurasiansandtheNewNegromovement.DeanofFacultyLisa
A.Raskinhasbeenespeciallykindinunderstandingandaccommodat-
ingmyspecialrequests.Icannotpraisesufficientlytheprofessionalli-
brarianswhohaveassistedmeinlocatingandutilizingthematerialsin
theirvastcollections.MilenaKlimova,theCuratoroftheSlovanskaKni-
hovnaattheKlementinuminPrague,generouslygavemeherpersonal
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