Untitled - Geological Survey of Alabama PDF
Preview Untitled - Geological Survey of Alabama
CHOCTAWHATCHEE, PEA AND YELLOW RIVERS WATERSHED MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY Barbara Gibson Executive Director GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA Berry H. Tew, Jr. State Geologist Groundwater Assessment Program Marlon R. Cook, Director Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Comprehensive Watershed Management Plan Information Series 82 By Amye S. Hinson, Alana L. Rogers, and Marlon R. Cook Published by the Geological Survey of Alabama Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA Tuscaloosa, Alabama 2015 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA 420 Hackberry Lane P.O. Box 869999 Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35486-6999 Berry H. (Nick) Tew, Jr. Phone (205)349-2852 State Geologist Fax (205)349-2861 www.gsa.state.al.us August 27, 2015 The Honorable Robert Bentley Governor of Alabama Montgomery, Alabama Dear Governor Bentley: It is with pleasure that I make available to you this report entitled Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Comprehensive Watershed Management Plan, by Amye S. Hinson, Alana L. Rogers, and Marlon R. Cook, which has been published as Information Series 82 by the Geological Survey of Alabama. The Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Watershed Management Authority initiated development of a comprehensive watershed management plan to consolidate, into one source, the water-related natural resource issues in the Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow River Watershed, available scientific knowledge and data, and outline future water management options for the watershed. Preparation of the management plan was guided by a steering committee of representatives from natural resource agencies and non-governmental organizations in the state. It represents the most current science and will be annually updated. Information included in the Watershed Management Plan provides a framework for the Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Watershed Management Authority to assist federal, state, and local officials and agencies in addition to local stakeholders in protecting and preserving the natural resources in the Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow River Watershed, while guiding prudent management of resources required for economic development and improved quality of life for residents in southeast Alabama. Respectfully, Berry H. (Nick) Tew, Jr. State Geologist Science and Service for the People of Alabama DISCLAIMER This document includes general information about the Choctawhatchee, Pea and Yellow Rivers Watershed Management Authority (CPYRWMA) and its programs and contains no representations regarding the laws and regulations that govern the CPYRWMA. Alabama law and/or administrative rules will supersede any information in conflict. All information provided in this document is believed to be correct; however, no liability is assumed for errors in substance or form of any of the data or facts contained therein and/or contributed by outside sources for inclusion in the document. Some of the views and opinions expressed in said document are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the authors unless so designated by authorizing documents. i CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ................................................................................................................... i CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ xix VISION FOR FUTURE LOCAL/REGIONAL WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLANNING ..................................................................................... xxi ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... xxiii INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 BOARD STRUCTURE OF THE CHOCTAWHATCHEE, PEA AND YELLOW RIVERS WATERSHED MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY ....................... 1 WATERSHED ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. 5 DESCRIPTION OF WATERSHEDS ........................................................................ 5 GEOGRAPHIC SETTING ......................................................................................... 9 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY ................................................................. 9 LAND USE ............................................................................................................... 13 GEOLOGY................................................................................................................ 15 CRETACEOUS SYSTEM .................................................................................. 16 UPPER CRETACEOUS SERIES ...................................................................... 16 TUSCALOOSA GROUP .............................................................................. 16 COKER FORMATION ................................................................................. 16 MIDDLE MARINE SHALE ......................................................................... 16 GORDO FORMATION ................................................................................ 17 EUTAW FORMATION ................................................................................ 17 BLUFFTOWN FORMATION ...................................................................... 17 CUSSETA SAND MEMBER OF THE RIPLEY FORMATION ................. 17 RIPLEY FORMATION ................................................................................ 17 PROVIDENCE SAND.................................................................................. 18 TERTIARY SYSTEM ......................................................................................... 18 PALEOCENE SERIES ...................................................................................... 18 CLAYTON FORMATION ............................................................................ 18 PORTERS CREEK FORMATION .............................................................. 18 SALT MOUNTAIN LIMESTONE ............................................................... 18 NANAFALIA FORMATION ........................................................................ 19 TUSCAHOMA SAND .................................................................................. 19 EOCENE SERIES ............................................................................................. 19 HATCHETIGBEE FORMATION ............................................................... 19 CPYR Water Management Plan TALLAHATTA FORMATION ..................................................................... 19 LISBON FORMATION ................................................................................ 20 JACKSON GROUP UNDIFFERENTIATED ............................................. 20 EOCENE AND OLIGOCENE SERIES ............................................................ 20 RESIDUUM AND CRYSTAL RIVER FORMATION ................................. 20 OLIGOCENE SERIES ....................................................................................... 20 CHICKASAWHAY LIMESTONE ............................................................... 20 MIOCENE SERIES ........................................................................................... 21 MIOCENE SERIES UNDIFFERENTIATED ............................................ 21 QUATERNARY SYSTEM ................................................................................. 21 PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE SERIES ................................................... 21 TERRACE AND ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS ................................................... 21 BIOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 21 SOILS ....................................................................................................................... 22 CLIMATE ................................................................................................................. 25 PREDICTIONS .................................................................................................. 28 POTENTIAL IMPACTS .................................................................................... 31 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 33 POLICY OPTIONS ............................................................................................ 33 DROUGHT ......................................................................................................... 33 POPULATION TRENDS ......................................................................................... 37 ECONOMIC IMPACTS ........................................................................................... 37 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 39 POLICY OPTIONS ............................................................................................ 39 WATERSHED TRENDS ......................................................................................... 39 LAND USE ......................................................................................................... 39 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 39 POLICY OPTIONS ............................................................................................ 41 WATER USE ...................................................................................................... 41 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 50 POLICY OPTION .............................................................................................. 50 INTERSTATE ISSUES ........................................................................................... 51 TRI-STATE WATER WARS .............................................................................. 51 FLORIDAN AQUIFER ...................................................................................... 53 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................... 54 POLICY OPTIONS ............................................................................................ 54 iv
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