Uniform Evidence Law .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Thomson Reuters (Professional)Australia Limited 19 Harris Street Pyrmont NSW 2009 Tel: (02) 8587 7000 Fax: (02) 8587 7100 [email protected] www.thomsonreuters.com For all customer inquiries please ring 1300 304 195 (for calls withinAustralia only) INTERNATIONALAGENTS & DISTRIBUTORS NORTHAMERICA ASIAPACIFIC Thomson Reuters Thomson Reuters Eagan Sydney United States ofAmerica Australia LATINAMERICA EUROPE Thomson Reuters Thomson Reuters São Paulo London Brazil United Kingdom .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C Uniform Evidence Law STEPHEN ODGERS SC .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d THIRTEENTH EDITION e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la LAWBOOK CO. n o isse fo rP ( sre 2018 tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C PublishedinSydneyby ThomsonReuters(Professional)AustraliaLimitedABN64058914668 19HarrisStreet,Pyrmont,NSW NationalLibraryofAustralia AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheNationalLibrary ofAustralia ISBN9780455501024(paperback) ©2018ThomsonReuters(Professional)AustraliaLimited Thispublicationiscopyright.Otherthanforthepurposesofandsubject totheconditionsundertheCopyrightAct,nopartofitmayinanyform orbyanymeans(electronic,mechanical,microcopying,photocopying, recordingorotherwise)bereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemor transmittedwithoutpriorwrittenpermission.Enquiriesshouldbe addressedtothepublishers. 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NorthernTerritory:CopyrightofNTlegislativematerial:©Northern TerritoryGovernmentofAustralia. .d Tasmania:CopyrightofTasmanianlegislativematerial:Copyrightis e vre ownedbytheStateofTasmania. se Victoria:AllActsandStatutoryRules©TheStateofVictoria,the r sth GovernmentPrinter(2018). g ir llA DISCLAIMER:Thisproductorservicecontainsanunofficialversionof .d theActsandStatutoryRulesoftheStateofVictoria.TheStateof e tim Victoriaacceptsnoresponsibilityfortheaccuracy,completenessor iL ytP cthuirsresnecrvyicoef.anylegislationcontainedinthisproductorprovidedthrough a ila rtsu Thiseditionisuptodateasof1May2018. A )la n o EditorialandProductionTeam:AngelaBandiera,PaulGodwin,Patrick isse Harper,VanessaSchlenert fo rP ProductEditor:WynDiong ( sre ContentEditor:RebeccaRayner tue ProductDeveloper:PaulGye R n Publisher:NigelRoyfee o sm PrintedbyLigarePtyLtd,Riverwood,NSW o h T .81 ThisbookhasbeenprintedonpapercertifiedbytheProgrammeforthe 0 2 © EndorsementofForestCertification(PEFC).PEFCiscommittedto th sustainableforestmanagementthroughthirdpartyforestcertificationof g iryp responsiblymanagedforests.Formoreinfoseewww.pefc.org. o C To Saras .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C TABLE OF CONTENTS User’sGuide........................................................................................................................ix TableofCases................................................................................................................... xiv TableofStatutes................................................................................................................. cv FormatoftheCommentary..........................................................................................cxxxii Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 1 EVIDENCEACT TableofProvisions............................................................................................................ 34 Chapter1–Preliminary................................................................................................... 43 Chapter2–AdducingEvidence...................................................................................... 79 Chapter3–AdmissibilityofEvidence..........................................................................309 Chapter4–Proof......................................................................................................... 1313 Chapter5–Miscellaneous........................................................................................... 1552 Chapter6–TransitionalmattersforEvidence(NationalUniformLegislation) Act2011(NTonly)............................................................................................... 1606 Chapter7–TransitionalmattersforEvidence(NationalUniformLegislation) AmendmentAct2013(NTonly)........................................................................... 1611 Chapter8–TransitionalmattersforEvidence(NationalUniformLegislation) Amendment(JournalistPrivilege)Act2018(NTonly).......................................1612 Schedule..........................................................................................................................1613 Dictionary....................................................................................................................... 1627 APPENDICES .de AppendixA–EvidenceRegulations1995(Cth)........................................................ 1689 vrese AppendixB–EvidenceRegulations2015(NSW)..................................................... 1698 r sth AppendixC–EvidenceRegulations2009(Vic)........................................................ 1706 gir llA .d AAppppeennddiixxDE––REvigidhetsncoef(aMPiesrcseolnlanReeocuosgnPirsoevdisbioyntsh)eAIcntte1r9n5at8io(nVailc)C.o..v..e..n..a..n..t............1715 e tim onCivilandPoliticalRights................................................................................ 1804 iL ytP a AAppppeennddiixxFG––CCrriimmiinnaallPPrroocceedduurreeAAcctt12908069((NVSicW)()E(xAtrnancotsta)t.e.d....E..x..t.r..a.c..t.s..)................................11887171 ilartsuA AAppppeennddiixxHI––TTaabbleleooffNNootitciceess(N(CSoWm)m..o..n..w...e.a..l.t.h..).............................................................................................................. 11992127 )lan AppendixJ–TableofNotices(Victoria)....................................................................1927 o isse AppendixK–TableofNotices(ACT)....................................................................... 1932 forP AppendixL–TableofNotices(NT)...........................................................................1936 ( sre AppendixM–EvidenceAct2001(Tas)–RelatedInformation................................ 1941 tu Index............................................................................................................................... 1952 e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C ©2018THOMSONREUTERS vii .d e vre se r sth g ir llA .d e tim iL ytP a ila rtsu A )la n o isse fo rP ( sre tu e R n o sm o h T .8 1 0 2 © th g iryp o C USER’S GUIDE SCOPE OFTHIS WORK Uniform Evidence Law 13th Edition is the leading Australian guide to uniform evidence legislation, widely used by practitioners and students alike. Overaquarteroftheevidencelegislation’sprovisionsaresubjectedtosignificant judicial interpretation each year, making it essential to have a current copy of the annotatedAct at hand, to stay abreast of developments. LEGISLATION Uniform Evidence Law 13th Edition contains the following legislation: • Evidence Act 1995 (Cth) • Evidence Act 1995 (NSW) • Evidence Act 2008 (Vic) • Evidence Act 2011 (ACT) • Evidence (National Uniform Legislation) Act (NT) • Evidence Regulations 1995 (Cth) • Evidence Regulation 2015 (NSW) .d evre • Evidence Regulations 2009 (Vic) ser sth • Evidence (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1958 (Vic) g ir llA • Criminal Procedure Act 1986 (NSW) [Extracts] .de • Criminal Procedure Act 2009 (Vic) [Extracts] tim iL ytP CURRENCY a ila rtsu TheActs and regulations have been updated to include all available amendments A )la to 1 May 2018. n o isse LEGISLATIVEAMENDMENTS IN THIS EDITION fo rP ( sre Uniform Evidence Law 13th Edition takes account of the amendments listed tu eR below. n o smo EvidenceAct 1995 (Cth) h T .8 10 AmendingActs 2 © th • Ozone Protection and Synthetic Greenhouse Gas Management g iryp Legislation Amendment Act 2017 –Act 67 of 2017 o C • Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017 – Act 129 of 2017 ©2018THOMSONREUTERS ix User’sGuide EvidenceAct 2008 (Vic) Amending Acts • Jury Directions and Other Acts Amendment Act 2017 –Act 37 of 2017 • Justice Legislation Amendment (Court Security, Juries and Other Matters) Act 2017 –Act 38 of 2017 EvidenceAct 2011 (ACT) Amending Acts • Family Violence Act 2016 –Act 42 of 2016 • JusticeandCommunitySafetyLegislationAmendmentAct2017(No2)– Act 14 of 2017 • Courts and Other Justice Legislation Amendment Act 2018 – Act 9 of 2018 Evidence (National Uniform Legislation)Act (NT) Amending Acts • Evidence (National Uniform Legislation) Amendment (Journalist Privilege) Act 2018 –Act 7 of 2018 Evidence (Miscellaneous Provisions)Act 1958 (Vic) Amending Acts • Justice Legislation (Evidence and Other Acts) Amendment Act 2016 – .d Act 38 of 2016 e vrese • Crimes Amendment (Sexual Offences) Act 2016 –Act 47 of 2016 r sth • Jury Directions and Other Acts Amendment Act 2017 –Act 37 of 2017 g ir llA .d Criminal ProcedureAct 1986 (NSW) e tim iL ytP Amending Acts aila • Justice Portfolio Legislation (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2016 – rtsu Act 54 of 2016 A )lan • Statute Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (No 2) 2016 – Act 55 of o isse 2016 fo rP • Justice Legislation Amendment (Committals and Guilty Pleas) Act 2017 ( sre –Act 55 of 2017 tu e R n o Criminal ProcedureAct 2009 (Vic) sm o h T .8 Amending Acts 1 0 2 © • Crimes Legislation Amendment Act 2016 –Act 28 of 2016 th giryp • Crimes Amendment (Sexual Offences) Act 2016 –Act 47 of 2016 oC • Crimes Legislation Further Amendment Act 2017 –Act 6 of 2017 • Family Violence Protection Amendment Act 2017 –Act 19 of 2017 • Jury Directions and Other Acts Amendment Act 2017 –Act 37 of 2017 x UniformEvidenceLaw