UNEXPECTED STATE INDIANA SERIES IN MIDDLE EAST STUDIES Mark Tessler, editor U NEX PECTED STATE British Politics and the Creation of Israel Carly Beckerman Indiana University Press This book is a publication of Indiana University Press Office of Scholarly Publishing Herman B Wells Library 350 1320 East 10th Street Bloomington, Indiana 47405 USA iupress . indiana . edu © 2020 by Carly Beckerman All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48–1992. Manufactured in the United States of America Cataloging information is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-0-253-04640-6 (hardback) ISBN 978-0-253-04641-3 (paperback) ISBN 978-0-253-04643-7 (ebook) 1 2 3 4 5 25 24 23 22 21 20 For Ursus Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1 A Usable Past 8 2 The Balfour Zeitgeist, 1917–1928 34 3 The Passfield Reversal, 1929–1935 61 4 The MacDonald Betrayal, 1936–1939 101 5 From War to Withdrawal, 1940–1948 142 The Last Word 185 Bibliography 191 Index 205 Acknowledgments D uring my time researching and writing this book, I have benefited from the help of many individuals whose support deserves acknowledgment. First and foremost, I would like to thank Asaf Siniver for his ideas and insight and for challenging me to develop as a researcher. I would also like to thank Clive Jones, Anoush Ehteshami, Emma Murphy, and John Williams for their unwavering support. I must also express appreciation to the Truman Presidential Library for pro- viding a grant that allowed me to conduct research at the library’s archive in Missouri. In addition, thank-yous are owed to Lena Moral-Waldmeier for her re- search assistance and to the kind and helpful archivists at the National Archives in Kew, the Parliamentary Archives, London School of Economics Archives, Cadbury Archives, Durham Archives, United States National Archives, Truman Presidential Archives, and the United Nations Archives. I would also like to say thank you to James Boys for his help in those early years, to my parents, Carol and Jon, for their boundless enthusiasm, and to my friends, Eleanor Turney, Beth Kahn, and Emily Thomas, for keeping me laughing (mostly at myself). Finally, I would like to thank Andy Shuttleworth for his support and encour- agement in difficult moments. I could not have finished this without him. ix