‘Undetermined’ Ukrainians: Post-War Narratives of the Waffen SS ‘Galicia’ Division (Nationalisms across the Globe) PDF
Preview ‘Undetermined’ Ukrainians: Post-War Narratives of the Waffen SS ‘Galicia’ Division (Nationalisms across the Globe)
NATIONALISMS ACROSS THE GLOBE NATIONALISMS ACROSS THE GLOBE 11 VOL. 11 Memories of the Second World War play an important role in contemporary O politics and society across Eastern Europe. One of the most controversial le s yet least studied pages of Ukraine’s wartime history is that of the Waffen y a SS ‘Galicia’ Division, whose members are usually portrayed either as war K criminals or as freedom fighters. The history of this unit is not limited to the h r Ukrainian context; it also has relevance throughout Eastern Europe, as well o m as in Britain, Canada and the USA. In the aftermath of the war, the ‘Galicia’ e Division surrendered to British and American troops, but was not repatriated y c to the USSR, despite Soviet demands. Instead, its members were brought h u to the UK and eventually allowed to settle in the West, and this unexpected k ‘Undetermined’ turn of events continues to cause much controversy. N‘ U a n This book explores why over 8,000 members of the Waffen SS were allowed to rrd Ukrainians move permanently to the West, by analysing the complex series of events and ae tt decisions that characterized the journey of the ‘Galicians’ from capitulation ive er to acceptance into civilian life. Drawing on a rich range of different sources, m s the book examines the variety of often conflicting narratives created by oin the Division members, their supporters and their opponents, as well as the f e Post-War Narratives of the td continuing influence of these narratives today. In doing so, the book sheds h e’ Waffen SS ‘Galicia’ Division light on the complex processes of memory politics. U Wk ar a f fi en ni a Sn Ss ‘: GP Olesya Khromeychuk Olesya Khromeychuk is a Lector in Ukrainian at the University of Cambridge. ao ls She holds a PhD in History from the School of Slavonic and East European it c- Studies, University College London. iW a ’a Dr i v i s i o n ISBN 978-3-0343-0874-8 Peter Lang www.peterlang.com ‘Undetermined’ Ukrainians NATIONALISMS ACROSS THE GLOBE VOL. 11 SERIES EDITORS: Dr Tomasz Kamusella (University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK) Dr Krzysztof Jaskułowski (University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poland) PETER LANG Oxford · Bern · Berlin · Bruxelles · Frankfurt am Main · New York · Wien Olesya Khromeychuk ‘Undetermined’ Ukrainians Post-War Narratives of the Waffen SS ‘Galicia’ Division PETER LANG Oxford · Bern · Berlin · Bruxelles · Frankfurt am Main · New York · Wien Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche National bibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data: Khromeychuk, Olesya, 1983 “Undetermined” Ukrainians : postwar narratives of the Waffen SS “Galicia” Division / Olesya Khromeychuk. pages cm. (Nationalisms across the globe ; 11) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9783034308748 (alk. paper) 1. WaffenSS. GrenadierDivision, 14History. 2. Ukraïns’ka natsional’na armiia. Ukraïns’ka dyviziia “Halychyna”History. 3. UkraineHistoryGerman occupation, 19411944. 4. UkrainiansCanadaEthnic identity. 5. UkraineEmigration and immigrationHistory20th century. 6. Collective memoryUkraine. 7. Nationalism and collective memoryUkraine. 8. World War, 19391945Regimental histories Germany. 9. World War, 19391945Regimental historiesUkraine. I. Title. D757.85.K46 2013 940.54'134770922dc23 2013004830 Cover image © NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio ISSN 16629116 ISBN 9783034308748 (print) ISBN 9783035304763 (eBook) © Peter Lang AG, International Academic Publishers, Bern 2013 Hochfeldstrasse 32, CH3012 Bern, Switzerland [email protected], www.peterlang.com, www.peterlang.net All rights reserved. All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. Printed in Germany Contents Acknowledgements vii Acronyms and Abbreviations ix List of Illustrations xi Foreword by David R. Marples xiii Introduction 1 Chapter 1 The Development of Ukrainian Nationalist Militarized Resistance 23 Chapter 2 War Crime Allegations and Investigations 61 Chapter 3 Soviet Repatriation Mission and the UK Screening Commission 91 Chapter 4 Life in the UK and the Migration to Canada 121 Chapter 5 Contemporary Perceptions of Second World War Collaboration in Ukraine 147 vi Conclusions 169 Bibliography 173 Index 193 Acknowledgements It is a great pleasure to thank everyone who made this book possible. First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dennis Deletant and Catherine Andreyev for of fering their guidance and support in every step of my research. I would also like to thank Peter Duncan and Marko Bojcun for their insightful comments. I am indebted to all interviewees who contributed to this study. I wish to thank Alti Rodal for permission to cite her work. I am indebted to my colleagues and friends Alisa Voznaya and Oleksandr Mel’nyk, whose suggestions and ideas were used to improve the book. I sincerely thank Michael James Melnyk for the time he took to comment on the earlier draft of the book. I am grateful to David Marples for contributing the foreword to this monograph and setting the subject of the Waf fen SS ‘Galicia’ Division in a larger context. Particular thanks to Rory Finnin for his encouragement, inspiration and support. The publica- tion of this book was made possible thanks to the support of Cambridge Ukrainian Studies to whom I am most grateful. My very special thanks go to Uilleam Blacker for his patience, priceless ideas and most helpful comments on the many drafts of the book. I am most grateful to all my colleagues for their comments and for providing stimulating discussions on many aspects of war and memory as well as other issues inseparable from historical research. Last but not least, I would like to thank my family, my parents, Olha and Yuriy, for providing a supportive environment for me. Acronyms and Abbreviations 1st UD UNA 1-a Ukraїns’ka Dyviziia Ukraїns’koї Natsional’noї Armiї, 1st Ukrainian Division of the Ukrainian National Army. AUGB Association of Ukrainians in Great Britain. CROWCASS Central Registry of War Criminals and Security Suspects. CURB Central Ukrainian Relief Bureau. DP Displaced Person. DUN Druzhyny ukraїns’kykh natsionalistiv, Legion of Ukrainian Nationalists. EVW European Voluntary Workers. HIAG Hilfsorganisation auf Gegenseitigkeit der ehemaligen Angehörigen der Waf fen-SS, Mutual Support Organization of Former Members of the Waf fen SS. Hiwi Hilfswillige, voluntary assistant. IGCR Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees. IRO International Refugee Organization. NA National Archives, UK. NKVD Narodnyi komissariat vnutrennikh del, People’s Commissariat for Interior Af fairs. OKW Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, German Supreme Command of the Armed Forces. Orpo Ordnungspolizei or Order Police, regular uniformed German police. OUN Orhanizatsiia ukraïns’kykh natsionalistiv, Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. (OUN-B: Stepan Bandera’s branch; OUN-M: Andrii Mel’nyk’s branch).
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