Understanding World Order and Structural Change: Poverty, Conflict and the Global Arena PDF
Preview Understanding World Order and Structural Change: Poverty, Conflict and the Global Arena
InternationalPoliticalEconomySeries GeneralEditor:TimothyM.Shaw,ProfessorofCommonwealthGovernance andDevelopment,andDirectoroftheInstituteofCommonwealthStudies, SchoolofAdvancedStudy,UniversityofLondon Titlesinclude: HansAbrahamsson UNDERSTANDINGWORLDORDERANDSTRUCTURALCHANGE Poverty,ConflictandtheGlobalArena FrancisAdams,SatyaDevGuptaandKidaneMengisteab(editors) GLOBALIZATIONANDTHEDILEMMASOFTHESTATEINTHESOUTH PreetS.AulakhandMichaelG.Schechter(editors) RETHINKINGGLOBALIZATION(S) FromCorporateTransnationalismtoLocalInterventions JamesBusumtwi-SamandLaurentDobuzinskis(editors) TURBULENCEANDNEWDIRECTIONSINGLOBALPOLITICALECONOMY ElizabethDeBoer-Ashworth THEGLOBALPOLITICALECONOMYANDPOST-1989CHANGE ThePlaceoftheCentralEuropeanTransition HelenA.Garten USFINANCIALREGULATIONANDTHELEVELPLAYINGFIELD RandallD.Germain(editor) GLOBALIZATIONANDITSCRITICS PerspectivesfromPoliticalEconomy BarryK.Gills(editor) GLOBALIZATIONANDTHEPOLITICSOFRESISTANCE RichardGrantandJohnRennieShort(editors) GLOBALIZATIONANDTHEMARGINS AxelHülsemeyer(editor) GLOBALIZATIONINTHETWENTY–FIRSTCENTURY ConvergenceorDivergence? HelgeHveemandKristenNordhaug(editors) PUBLICPOLICYINTHEAGEOFGLOBALIZATION ResponsestoEnvironmentalandEconomicCrises TakashiInoguchi GLOBALCHANGE AJapanesePerspective JomoK.S.andShyamalaNagaraj(editors) GLOBALIZATIONVERSUSDEVELOPMENT RonaldoMunckandPeterWaterman(editors) LABOURWORLDWIDEINTHEERAOFGLOBALIZATION AlternativeUnionModelsintheNewWorldOrder “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page i — #1 CraigN.Murphy(editor) EGALITARIANPOLITICSINTHEAGEOFGLOBALIZATION MichaelNiemann ASPATIALAPPROACHTOREGIONALISMINTHEGLOBALECONOMY MarkusPerkmannandNgai-LingSum(editors) GLOBALIZATION,REGIONALIZATIONANDCROSS-BORDERREGIONS TedSchrecker(editor) SURVIVINGGLOBALISM TheSocialandEnvironmentalChallenges LeonardSeabrooke USPOWERININTERNATIONALFINANCE TheVictoryofDividends TimothyJ.SinclairandKennethP.Thomas(editors) STRUCTUREANDAGENCYININTERNATIONALCAPITALMOBILITY KendallStiles(editor) GLOBALINSTITUTIONSANDLOCALEMPOWERMENT CompetingTheoreticalPerspectives CarolineThomasandPeterWilkin(editors) GLOBALIZATIONANDTHESOUTH GeoffreyR.D.Underhill(editor) THENEWWORLDORDERININTERNATIONALFINANCE AmyVerdun EUROPEANRESPONSESTOGLOBALIZATIONANDFINANCIALMARKET INTEGRATION PerceptionsofEconomicandMonetaryUnioninBritain,FranceandGermany RobertWolfe FARMWARS ThePoliticalEconomyofAgricultureandtheInternationalTradeRegime InternationalPoliticalEconomySeries SeriesStandingOrderISBN0–333–71708–2hardback SeriesStandingOrderISBN0–333–71110–6paperback (outsideNorthAmericaonly) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with yournameandaddress,thetitleoftheseriesandoneoftheISBNsquotedabove. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS,England “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page ii — #2 Understanding World Order and Structural Change Poverty, Conflict and the Global Arena Hans Abrahamsson DepartmentofPeaceandDevelopmentStudies GöteborgUniversity Sweden “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page iii — #3 ©HansAbrahamsson2003 Foreword©BjörnHettne2003 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noparagraphofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency,90 TottenhamCourtRoad,LondonW1T4LP. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorisedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedhisrighttobeidentifiedas theauthorofthisworkinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2003by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN Houndmills,Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XSand 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,N.Y.10010 Companiesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld PALGRAVEMACMILLANistheglobalacademicimprintofthePalgrave MacmillandivisionofSt.Martin’sPress,LLCandofPalgraveMacmillanLtd. Macmillan®isaregisteredtrademarkintheUnitedStates,UnitedKingdom andothercountries.PalgraveisaregisteredtrademarkintheEuropean Unionandothercountries ISBN0–333–77385–3 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Abrahamsson,Hans,1949– Understandingworldorderandstructuralchange:poverty,conflict, andtheglobalarena/HansAbrahamsson. p.cm.–(Internationalpoliticaleconomyseries) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0–333–77385–3(cloth) 1. Internationaleconomicrelations. 2. Globalization. 3. Poverty. 4. Social conflict. I. Title. II. International political economy series (Palgrave Macmillan (Firm)) HF1359.A242003 337–dc21 2003040546 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby AntonyRoweLtd,ChippenhamandEastbourne “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page iv — #4 TothememoryofCarlosCardoso whileactivelycontributingtothestructuralopportunityforpeace– brutallyassassinatedbyhisopponents–beforeitcouldbeseized. Through his journal located in a small Maputo garage, he challenged various nationalandglobalstructuresimpedingdevelopmentinMozambique. Through his death the world runs the risk of becoming more subdued and the achievementofglobalcitizenshipevenmoredistant. “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page v — #5 “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page vi — #6 Contents ListofFigures xi ForewordbyBjörnHettne xii Acknowledgements xiii ListofAbbreviations xiv Introduction xvii PartI UnderstandingWorldOrderStructuresandtheir LocalImpact 1 ConceptualFramework 3 State,marketandcivilsociety 3 TheWesternvaluesanddevelopmentparadigm 9 Nationalsecurityinterest 11 Worldorderstructures 13 Worldorderandhegemonicstability 15 Power 17 Discursivepower 17 Hegemonicdeclineandinterdependence 19 Conclusion 22 2 BrettonWoodsRevisited 24 FromBrettonWoodstoPaxAmericana 24 Theconceptofembeddedliberalism 25 USleadershipmotivation 27 Aidasaforeignpolicytool 28 Embeddedcontradictions 31 Intertwinedparadoxes 36 Theincreaseofstructuralpower 37 Tosumup 44 3 PaxAmericanaandSouthernAfrica:CoincidingInterests andChange 46 Hegemonyanddecolonisation 46 TheRhodesianissue 49 TotalstrategyandSADCC 49 vii “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page vii — #7 viii Contents East–WestrivalryinsouthernAfrica 50 ‘ConstructiveEngagement’ 52 Theripemomenttoabolishapartheid 55 Consensusunderstress 56 4 MozambiqueandtheWashingtonConsensus 58 Atroublesomerelationship 58 USfoodaid 59 MozambiqueandtheBrettonWoodsinstitutions 61 Thedesignofthestructuraladjustmentprogrammes 62 ThefailureoftheWashingtonConsensus 64 Theinternationalisationofthestate 66 Thepauperisationofthepeasantry 67 Socialdistrustandincreasedillegalities 71 Povertyandconflict–anambiguousrelationship 72 Thetrapoflow-levelsecurityequilibrium 77 PartII UnderstandingStructural Change–andtheWayForward 5 TheoreticalGuidance 83 Describingforcesofchange 83 Towardsacriticalinternationalpoliticaleconomy 84 Problem-solvingversuscriticaltheory 88 Theagent–structuredilemma 90 ‘Warofposition’versus‘warofmovement’ 92 Structuralchangeofalimitedtotality 93 6 AnAnalyticalModelforAction 96 Identifyingforcesofchange 96 Thecoreofthemodel 102 TheanalyticalmodelwithanAfricanPrism 103 Ahistoricalexample:thedemandsforaNIEO 105 Inconclusion:structuralchangeinretrospect 110 “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page viii — #8 Contents ix 7 AGlobalitywithContradictoryCircumstances 112 Reinforcedcontradictorycircumstances 116 Coincidingeliteinterests 118 Globaldevelopmentandstructuralchange 120 Confrontationordialogue 121 8 TowardsaStructuralOpportunityforChange 124 Theinterestsofthetransnationalelite 124 Thearticulationofenlightenedself-interest 126 GlobalsecurityinterestsandtheWorldBank 130 TowardsanewpartnershipforAfrica 132 TowardslegitimategovernanceinAfrica 133 Coincidinginterestsandcounteractingforces 136 Seizingtheopportunity 139 9 OutoftheTrap 142 Searchingforawayout 143 Continuityversusopportunities 148 Provisionofpublicgoods 150 10 TheRoleofInternationalDevelopmentCooperation 153 Thegeopoliticsofaid 154 Peaceanddevelopmentasaglobalpublicgood 157 Theneedforaholisticandamorecoherentapproach 158 Thecontextofpovertyandconflict:theAngolantrapof low-levelsecurityequilibrium 161 Towardsasocialcohesionsupport 163 Orientationandtargetgroups 164 Thechannelsofaid 165 Conditionsforaid 166 Summary 167 “fm” — 2003/7/8 — page ix — #9
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