Understanding Tuberculosis - New Apprs. to Fighting Against Drug Resist.

386 Pages·2012·4.77 MB·English

by  P. Cardona

UNDERSTANDING
TUBERCULOSIS – NEW
APPROACHES TO
FIGHTING AGAINST
DRUG RESISTANCE

Edited by Pere-Joan Cardona
Understanding Tuberculosis – New Approaches to Fighting Against
Drug Resistance
Edited by Pere-Joan Cardona

Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

Copyright © 2012 InTech
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First published February, 2012
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Understanding Tuberculosis – New Approaches to Fighting Against Drug Resistance,
Edited by Pere-Joan Cardona
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-948-6

Contents

Preface IX
Part 1 Strategies for New Drug Discovering 1
Chapter 1 Multi-Drug/Extensively Drug
Resistant Tuberculosis (Mdr/Xdr-Tb):
Renewed Global Battle Against Tuberculosis? 3
Claude Kirimuhuzya
Chapter 2 Chemotherapeutic Strategies and
Targets Against Resistant TB 33
Neeraj Shakya, Babita Agrawal and Rakesh Kumar
Chapter 3 A New Hope in TB Treatment:
The Development of the Newest Drugs 93
Ruiru Shi and Isamu Sugawara
Chapter 4 In Search of El Dorado:
Current Trends and Strategies
in the Development of Novel
Anti-Tubercular Drugs 107
Héctor R. Morbidoni
Chapter 5 An Approach to the Search
for New Drugs Against Tuberculosis 137
Fernando R. Pavan, Daisy N. Sato and Clarice Q.F. Leite
Chapter 6 Antitubercular In Vitro Drug Discovery:
Tools for Begin the Search 147
Juan Bueno
Chapter 7 New Antitubercular Drugs
Designed by Molecular Modification 169
Jean Leandro dos Santos, Luiz Antonio Dutra,
Thais Regina Ferreira de Melo and Chung Man Chin
VI Contents

Chapter 8 The Cord Factor: Structure, Biosynthesis and
Application in Drug Research – Achilles Heel
of Mycobacterium tuberculosis? 187
Ayssar A. Elamin, Matthias Stehr and Mahavir Singh
Part 2 New Drugs to Face Resistance 207
Chapter 9 Old and New TB Drugs:
Mechanisms of Action and Resistance 209
Anastasia S. Kolyva and Petros C. Karakousis
Chapter 10 Pyrazinecarboxylic Acid Derivatives
with Antimycobacterial Activity 233
Martin Doležal, Jan Zitko and Josef Jampílek
Chapter 11 The Potential Therapeutic Usage of
Dithiocarbamate Sugar Derivatives for
Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis 263
Takemasa Takii, Yasuhiro Horita, Ryuji Kuroishi, Taku Chiba,
Mashami Mori, Tomohiro Hasegawa, Tastuya Ito,
Tatsuaki Tagami, Tetsuya Ozeki,
Saotomo Ito and Kikuo Onozaki
Chapter 12 Fighting Against Resistant Strains:
The Case of Benzothiazinones and Dinitrobenzamides 273
Silvia Buroni, Giovanna Riccardi and Maria Rosalia Pasca
Chapter 13 Quinolone Resistance in Tuberculosis Treatment:
A Structural Overview 291
Claudine Mayer and Alexandra Aubry
Chapter 14 Antimycobacterial Activity Some
Different Lamiaceae Plant Extracts Containing
Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds 309
Tulin Askun, Gulendam Tumen, Fatih Satil,
Seyma Modanlioglu and Onur Yalcin
Chapter 15 Cinnamic Derivatives in Tuberculosis 337
Prithwiraj De, Damien Veau, Florence Bedos-Belval,
Stefan Chassaing and Michel Baltas
Chapter 16 Potential Use of I. suffruticosa in Treatment of
Tuberculosis with Immune System Activation 363
Camila Bernardes de Andrade Carli, Marcela Bassi Quilles,
Danielle Cardoso Geraldo Maia, Clarice Q. Fujimura Leite,
Wagner Vilegas and Iracilda Z. Carlos

Preface

In 1957, a Streptomyces strain, the ME/83 (S.mediterranei), was isolated in the Lepetit
Research Laboratories from a soil sample collected at a pine arboretum near Saint
Raphaêl, France. This drug was the base for the chemotherapy with Streptomicine,
which demonstrated in 1980 to have a 100 per cent efficacy rate after being used
together with two or three other drugs during the first two months of treatment in
addition to an extra four month treatment combined with Isoniazid. The euphoria
generated by the success of this regimen lead to the idea that TB eradication would be
possible by the year 2000. Thus, any further drug development against TB was
stopped. Unfortunately, the lack of an accurate administration of these drugs
originated the irruption of the drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Once the
global emergency was declared in 1993, seeking out new drugs became urgent. In this
book, diverse authors focus on the development and the activity of the new drug
families.

Dr. Pere-Joan Cardona
Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)
Catalunya, Spain