Understanding scripture : an Adventist approach

190 Pages·2006·15.87 MB·English

by  George W. Reid

BibliRceasle arIcnhs tiStutudtieev ol1.
s,
Understanding
Scripture
AnA dventAipsptr oach
GeorgWe.R eidE,d itor
BibliRceasle arIcnhs titute
GenerCaoln ferenocfSe e venthA-ddvaeyn tists
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Cop©y ribBgyi hbtSl tiuPcdraLiel.es Lss. ,C . GorECd.ho rni sto JoKPn.a ulien
h'11glTriasnhs lation ™). 2010
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'IT cdittcodN IaVfr reto HhmyeoB liNbeIltwneae ,tr Vinreosniaoln , Richard M. DavPiadBuPs.leo tne rsen
InteBbrniSlaceoti iUeostbneypyad.e l r mission
topT1 'x1i1,!�h 1l 971]9,7 189,8 4, GanDoiuonpe Roberto Pereyra
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Contents
Contributors iv
Dedication v
Foreword ix
Praecfe x1
Abbreviations xm
ChapIt er
HistorBiaccgakrlo uonfAd d venBtiibslti cal Interpretation
-AlbeRr.tT moi m
ChapItIe r 15
FaiRteha,s aonntd,h Heo lSyp iirnHi etmr eneutics
-JohnB aldwin
T.
ChapItIeIr 27
Prseupposiintt hiIeon ntse rpreotfSa ctriiopnt ure
-FrankH ase!
M
ChapItVe r 47
RevleatainoIdnn spiration
-FernanCdano ale
ChapVt er 75
ThAeu thoorfSi ctryi pture
-PetMe.rv aBne mmelen
ChapVtIe r 91
ThTee xatn Cda nonS corfi pture
-GerdaA l. Klingbeil
ChapVtIeIr 111
Guidefloirn eItsnh tee rproefSt cartiipotnu re
-EkkedhtMa urller
ChapVtIeIrI 135
InnerbIinbtleircparle tation:
ReadtihnSegc ripItnutreerst extually
-GanouDnieo p
vi
Vil
/
Chapt�IrX 153
InteripgnrO eltdT estamHeisntto riNcaarlr ative
-GregK ing
A.
ChapXt er 136
ReadPisnagl amnstd h Wei sdom Literature Foreword
-GerhdPa farndaln Adn gelR odirguez
M Sevneth-Addavye natriaesc t osmm uniotfby e lieverbsyt hseh aped
ChapXtIe r 138
Scripitntu hreedisor c trcionnavli catnipdor nasc taiswc eelasls,i nt heir
IntpreertOilnTdge staPmreonpth ecy
daiilnyt erwacittoihto hneT rhsre.e adainntdgh set uodfty h Bei balce­,
-RicharDda vsiodn
M companbiype rda yiesar c ,e ntsrpailr diitusaclii pntl hileni eofe f t he
ChapXtIeIr 205
churTchhis.sp irdiitsucailsp hloiubnleeed x emplainfipder do mobtye d
Intpreertaotfi Gotnoh sep aenlEdsp istles
churlceha dteerasc,hp earssta,on rcdsh ,u reclhd tehrrso ugthhwoeou rtl d.
-GeogreE .R ice
ThBei blRiecsaarelcI hni sttuotfte h Gee neCroanlf erheaanslc wea ys
ChapXtIeIrI 223 beevne riyn terients htveei dtr aolol fet hBei bilnne u rtutrhiceno gm mu­
InteetraptroifBo inib clTaylep sP,a rabalnAedls l,e gories niotfyb elieCvoenrsusee.qn tihltya s,so ugthopt r ovmiadtee risatlusd yf or
-TomS hpeherd thwaitld lee ptehcneh urmcehm be'u rnsderstoaftn hdBeii nbagln ewd i ll
ChapXtIeVr 245 tratihnei mnh owt os tuidbtyy t hemseTlhvineses wv. o lupmreo,d uced
ThHee rmeneuotfBi icbslA ipcoaclpa tliyc undtehrae u spoifct ehBsei blRiecesaalrI cnhis ttuatnted h sec hoolfta hres
-Jon Pauilen BiblRiecesaalr Icnhs tCiotmumtiet atdedsers,eet hsqe u estoifho onwt o
ChapXtVe rK. 271 intetrphrSeec tr irpeItstufu.sn damepnutraplio tsso se t imutlhsaett ueod fy
thSec riputsuirbneagss ,pi rci nlceisip notfe rprtehtwaaittlm ilio nni mize,
HemreneuatniCdcu sl ture
-LaelC aesar andi,pf o ssiebllimei,an rabtieti,rn atreyr proeftt haWeto iroodfnG so d.
0. Thivso luimnetd ruoctehsre e adteors sea r oifpe rsi nlceoisfbp iblical
ChapXtVeIr 285
interprtehtiaastct o imopna twiibttlhhAe ed venhtiigvshit e owft hBei ble
InterparneAdtp ipnlgyB iinbgl Eitchailc s
ast hWeo rodfG odB.yi nclucdhianpgdt eearlswi intgh n atthuoerfr e e v­
-Rond uP reez
elatiinosnp,i raanttdih aoeun t,h oorfti htBeyi bilrtee ,v etahlsecs r iptural
ChapXtVeIrI 309 presupptohsSaiettnv iteohn-sAd davye nbtriistntotgs h t ee axstt h ey tsoe ek
EllGe.Wn h iatneHd e rmeneutics
obtaab ient utnedre rstoaftn hdBeii nbagln eod ft heoiwrnp resuppositions.
-GehrarPdfa ndl
TheB biliRceaesla rIcnhis ttuitspe a rticgurlaatrteloGfy eu ol rWg.e
AppenAd ix 329 Reifdoa rc ceptthitena gsa kse diotfot rhv iosl uHmie1s. 8 y eaarsDs i ­
MethoodfBs i bSlteu dy recotfot rhI esn titquutaeeld ih fiim ais np ecwiaaytl oe dtihti imsp or­
tabnoto Wke.a rael sgor afutlte oG erhPaafrndd als,cs ioaetdei taontrdo,
AppenBd ix 339
MarlBeancec hus,p udbelsiksstphoeipcn iga ltihmseat n,hy o fuotrrhs e y
ThUes oef t hMeo difVieresdio oftn h e
spewnittG he orgei npR reeipda trhibinosgo kp ufbolri cTahtceih ounr.c h
HistoriitciaAclpa-plrC orbayAc dhv enStcihsotl ars
atl aragneid,np artitchucelo amrm uniAtdyv eonBfti ibstltee a chweirlsl,
-AngeMl.R ordgiuez
alwaryesm aiinnd etbott heedfom rt heex cejllodebon ntMe a.yt hceh urch
bec ontinbulaelstlshyer dot uhgpeha goefs tbhoiosk .
ScripItnudreex 353
IndoefAx u thors 357 AngeMl.R odriguez
SuebjcItn dex 359 Director
BiblRiecesaalrI cnhis ttute
vm IX
Preface
SveenthA-ddvaeyn ftaiiastnthpd r arxeiossn tt hSec ripatsfu irneasl
authoerviitdye,bn yct ehfadec tth aast t ateomnte hnBtei bhleea tdhse
officisatla teomfce hnutrb cehls iW.ee fa raep eopolfte h e Bionwo hki ch
Godh assp okteohn u maniintt eyr imnst elltioag liylbe,tlt re a nsmitted
withoiulnra nguaangedex perience.
ThSec riputnuvraeenias ls ton·ip sahnionrogafim nas itghhaatdtsd ress­
ese veerlye moeftn hthe u manne etdok nowT.h eGroedr eveHailmss, e lf
Hicsh arapcutrpeorsh,ei ss,ta ocrtaisncw,d i llt.r eaHstce he el emeonft tsh e
cosmos, inclu'dosir niggr iehndusem,ma pintniCi thoyrnia snttd,h p er om­
isoefa nu ltidmeastteii nHn iyks i dnogmT.h issw eepwionrvgli de swt ands
absolwuittehlpoyeu et:flr o,o doiunirgn tealnledem cott iwointushl timate
meanngiW.i thtohuWeto rodfG od,u noduerr stwaonudbliedrn egd utcoe d
cojncetugruaels swbourioklna,t s hiftainnagl oyfos uiersn virnotn.m e
GivtehnWe o r'dssu prmeamnei festianCt hiroJines stu wsh,o "mit nh e
worwda msa dflee sahn ddw ealmto ng wues ,sH"eip ese rseoxnp reisns ed
humatne rmBsu.it t wsr itftoermnmu sbtea ,n wdi blel, interpreted anew
bye acghe neraTthiiiostsn h .te a sokfh ermeneaunttdhi pecr si rmeea son
thbioso wka wsr itten.
Thfier Bsbitl iRceaesla rIcnhts utbtioeo oknh ermeneauptpiecaisrn e d
1794S.i ntchee hno,w e,vg errecahta nhgaevse ptlaakiecnone u wro rld,
exerath ienagiv myp aocnbt i blsitcuadalin eodsn i nterprIentsattainotn .
communichaatesir oanst ehfdeo rmiesro lafotuinoidnn m anpya rotfs
thweo rlIdns. u cahs etttihnniegsw p ubliccaotmietosoan ip da staonrds
laypewrhsoos nesea sk o uanpdp rotaoGc oh'ds W ord.
Todawye fa cei sstuhedaset m aantdt enatnisdo inm pmluysb tea d­
dresPsoetsdm.o dterrne rnedasbc ehy ohnids torbiacsaeldl yts ott uhdei es
wayi nw hicrhe ligmieoaunsia nrgiw sietsh in thteob epceotrmhseeo n
controflolriicnine ng t erprCeottnaetmipoontr.ha irnykl ianrggae blayn ­
dontshi ed etah tahtce e ntpruarlp oofts hee Scriitspo ct oumrmeusn icate
messaogbeejcst ifrvoemtl hyse o verGeoidAg.snfa ra sp ossithbbiloseo ,k
seetkous n comvoedre osfi nterprtehtaaatrt ifrisooemnt hSec riptures
themsewlhviecrshe, q uaififrremsa toifto hnue n iverosffa ilnitatrlyu th,
witGho d iatussl tismoautrec e.
Whyi sal tlh iimsp ortTahnvete ?rw yo rokft hceh uricnfuh l filling
thweo rtkh aJte sguasv iert e sfotrbs o tmhe ssaangmdei ssoinow nh at
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wec onceHiisvc oem msisiotnoi nucldeH.o ww ei tncrrSrccrli pitsu 1:e
ofh ugiem pocretW.ain ll tShcer iptsupreeawski tahuh toiryti nt hseen es
ofp roviadm iondget lrs,ac nendaennadtp plitcoaa llbc lulete usar ntdo
alple opolrae r,te h esyi mpapl oyo olfi defarmso whitchrhee ligiously
inclmianyed dra twoc rtat fhepierr scoonnacle potfwi hoarntes amlalty­ Abbreviations
terSso?u nidn terprleetatadouts ni doenr isntagan,ntd dh wahti wcehu n­
dersctoanntdor uoarlc st iSoont sh.bi oso akd dsrsetehse fovuenrdya tion
stonferso m wthhiBeci hb ilnte h Ceh risltiifea nha oc lodmsm anding EllGe.n WhWiotrek s
position. AA ThAeco ttfAhs pe o stles
Asa r eadyeorwu i filnldh eraes eroifes sp ecialized chaptersC,D e aCcho uonDnsia eenFltdos o ds
writwtietanph r ayecrofnucolep rnet not hgeu idaonftc hSeep iArlitlth. e CH CouonHnse eallst h
authaorrhesi ghqulayl Aidfvieendst cihasrotslc ,o mmiitnts etde wardship COLC hrOibLsjetes'cssto ns
CouonSnbsa beSalctsWhh oo rokl
tot hLeo rJde swursi,t fiontrgh p eu rpoosfhe e lpeivnegrr eya doeftr h e
CT CoutnPorsa eeTnletsasa c,nSh dte urdse,n ts
Scriprteucrotevhsie ern tienncto rpoirnGao tdeW'dos r .dW hiiltegs i ving csw
CoutnWosr eialtnEsedd r ist ors
wasc ouched isne thtubimenaygnost n,hd e wme s eetkhe et erntarlu ths
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EGWE'l8Gl8W.e h n1i 8tG8ee8 nC eornafle rence Materials
ancdu ltyuersteh saa rc eo mmocno mmittmoCe hnrtai nstdto wtrhiet ten Ev Evangelism
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LS LiSfkeeo tEfcl GhlW.eeh sni te
muchfi tfayps e rcteokn etet phfi en aplr odwuicttha r iena solneanbglteh .
MB ThoFurgtoMhhmote ous Bfn el ts sing
Espelcywi,ea a lroeb litgote hdse t aofftf h Bei ibclRaels recaIhn suttiet,
MCPM iCnhda,r Paecnrtaselvorio,tl ysa .n)d
undwehro saeu spwiecp erse stehnits tboao lwolhk o s incesreeetlkoy (2
MH ThMei noiHfse tarlyi ng
understaanndtd op G uiotnd lt iov pirnagc titcree atsohufHer i eWsos r d.
MR ManuRseclreiapste
MYPM estsYouao nPggee osp le
GeorWg.Re e id
PC PauCloslolne ction
Driector
Patriarchs and Prophets
BbiliRceasle aIrncsht itute SC StteCoph sr ist
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198-42001 SG SpiGri4ifv ttousla sl. )
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OtheRree frences Zeph Zephaniah Col
Colossians
AR AdvReenvtiieswt ZHage cZHhage gaci hariah1 2-T he12-Ts hsle osnsiaans
BC ThSeen vtehA-ddvaeyn tist Bible ComMmaelnM taalrayc hi 12-T im12- T imothy
CJBC omJpelBweiitbselh e MatMta tthew TitTuist us
ESVE ngSltiaVsnrehds airodn MarMka rk PhlPmh ilemon
GCBG enCeornafeBlru elnlceet in LukLeu ke HebH ebrew
JAST JouoArnfda vlTe hnetoilsotg y fasJ ames
JohJno hn
LCCL iboCrfha nrrC iyls atsisaics PetP eter
ActAsc ts 12- 12-
LW Lu'tWsho errks JohJno hn
RomR omans 12--3 12--3
LXXS eptuagint CorC orinthiJaundsJe u de
MS Manuscript G12-a lG1 2-a latiansR evR evelation
NABN eAwm eBriibclaen EphE phesians
NASNBe Awm eSrtiacBnaidnba lred
NCVN eCwe nVrtesuiroyn
NEBN eEwn glish Bible
NETN eEwn gTlriasnhs lation
MaseotrViocw ePlo intings
HebrAelwp bheat
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NLV NeLwiV fseeir on N. n � 9 = p = ) f
NT NeTswet ament J. b \'.)
OT OlTsdet ament ! � = 12 a {j
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REBR evEinsgBelidib slhe :i 12 ) = yk � !!
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RI Revelation-Inspiration � g '.:) p q e
RHS T SiogtfnTh sie m es ) = g '.) k ., = r ··. - u
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BiblBiocoakls 1 d. Y.) m \!.i s
GenG enesis ProPvr overbs il h ) = n :n
ExoEdx odus EccElc clesiastes
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LevL eviticusS onSgo onSfgo lomon
NumN umbers IsaI isaah � = z y
DeuDte uteronoJmeyr J eremiah
JosJho shua LamL amentations GreeAkl phabet
JudJgu dges EzeEkz ekiel
RutRhu th DanD aniel
SamS amuel HosH osea a a
12- 12- ( = z A. TI =p <I> = ph
1122--KC ghsr1122--KC o ihnnr gosn iclAJemosoe JAslom oesl � b Tl e µ m p = r x =ch
EzrEaz ra ObaOdb adiah
NehN ehemiah JonJaohn ah y0 gd e th v - n o,c;;=s lJr =p s
Etsh Esther MicM icah t � = x t w jj
JobJ ob NahN ahum
E e K k 0 = 0 u y h
Ps(Pss)a lms HabH abakkuk
xv
xiv
CHAPTER
I
HISTORICBAALC KGROUNDO F
ADVENTISBTI BLICAILN TERPRTEATION
AlebrtRo.T irmn
Introduction
The Chrcihsutrwicaahsn noarilbgluiyi lt uhpeornm etnhepeul taitc­al
foromft hBei balsie t osw ni nterpSroeotanef rtt.eh are p ostpoelriico d,
howevtehcreh, u rbcehg taomn o vfreo mt hpaltta forbmya ccepcteirntga in
nonbibhleirmceanle uatlitcearnla TthiSevc ersi.sp c taumrteeob e reinter­
preitnme da nCyh riscticirlafrenos m p erspedcrtaifwvrneo ssmu rrounding
pagcaunl tsu,cru eltturratadilio encsc,l esaiuatshtoihrcuiamtlary ne, a son,
anedv epne rseoxnpaelcr eiMse.anj ro usgtgralnetdse nsairoonbssee t ween
thowsheos ubscrtiosb uechdhe rmeneaulttiecrnaaaltn itdvh eowssh eo
tiretdor eortihecenh tu rbcahct koi tosr iginal heprltmafoernme.u tical
Inb ritehfhi,is s toorviveciraehlwi ghlsiogmhoetft s hm eaj roh erme­
neuttiucrnailpn ogi wnittsh tihCneh riscthiuartnch hpa rto vtihdleera g er
backgrfoorut nhddee veloopftm heSene tnv teh-Addavye nitnitsetr preta­
tioofnS cripture.
FroJmu daitsoMm o deCrhni rstianity
1.
JewiBsahc kground
A definhiinsgt olraincdramkola f t hJee wirsehl iwgaiso nBt ahbey ­
lonciaapnt iovfJi utdyia nth h sei xctehn tBu.r.CyP ritootr h at tehvee nt,
Israewleirstete rso nglyt ofot resmaptkthepee rd e coefpt thlsewa atnhde
warninogfts hp er opahnetdtoe s m brtahcpeea gcaonm ponoeftn htsesu r­
roundCiannga acnuiltteRu erlaei.z tihnagt atnthdhe eyi r forefathers were
takceanp tbievcea oufts heet irnras gresosfti hloean awsn odft hSeba bath
(Je1r:7 1-9272; Ch3r6o:5n12- )1p,o st-Jeexwimlsoi vcei dn creasingly
towaarm do rrei goibde dioeftn hcleea awn tdh Seba baatshd efinbeyd
tradiTthieoesnxe.t rlai-cbriaubllt eesn dteood v erlaonaoddv ershadow
sombea stieca choiftn hgSesc rip(tMutart1e: 5s5 -.9 )
xvi
1
Il /r.n1·1l·mIl l'tklmlg1 1111 rlr l11l1.•/11J·1IrIr m I / 1<1'f>l l''ff< l'/ffo 11 f/,�fn//J't/t(<''(klgor/fn "uAnddv en/rJllshlrl c/a1l1 fe11werarlon
!f'A hi I
Butg eogprhacialc,u ltuarnadlr ,le iiguosfa ctorwsit hin. Judaism Byi tstehle1:1f l0,lg orimceathlo dw oulhda vcea rrtiheCedh ristian
helpteodd vclotph rmeaej odrit sictviea pproatoc hcSriepusrt ealolf churicnhta po ul riasltiinect rpretoaftt hiSeoc inrp tutrheawsto ulhda ve
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whiflcouhr isihnte hfidesr cte unrtAny.D 1.R abbiJnuidcaw isacmse ntered diosrttietds reildiegn.itH oioutwsyee vru,n certcarienabttyyie ndt erpret­
inJ erusaanl.deJ mu dperao,m ootbiendgi teotn hcMeeo saLiacwa ntdo intgh Weo rtdh rovuagrhi aoleulgso rpiacarallll eelfst dmiasnsya tisfied,
thHee rbew� cripitnuo rredse prr ottoJe ecwtit srha diatnidio dne ntity ledaintgh ems eteoaks inagulteh orviotiactTeih.vire so ltehc eh urch
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frobme mg dbiylt uhGtere edc o-RcoumlatnHu erlel.e nJiusdtaiiocs nm heirarpcahryt,i ctuhBlesia hrolopyfR omes,t eepdip nt ofi ltlh,e? yra ed­
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thoet her hlaenwd i,d edwlihysi pemrasneidfe,si ttespdea lrft ri;!ciu nl a vanctihncegh ur'scc hlatiobm e t hoen ltyr ue mtoefrSp cirrpettuerre .
thlea rJgeew ish coomfAm luxenaintdyEr giyap,St t.r onignlfyl uenced Ececsliasitnitceabreleg statonos v ertrruulee faitthotfu hlen eWosofsr d
byP hi2lt ohbi,rs a nacdho patleelgdo riinctaelrp reotfaS tcirtoiunprtseo Godb,u ilad isntgnr oobnnigb lhiecramle neturta�oidnci.at l
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accom?amtoeb eiltsist e otf hPel taoneixcps rseioofGn r epehk isloophy. Bbiliicnatle rprientt hMaeit didoAlng eew sa s dombmyaO tnegdes n
Thea sceQtuimcr cano mmutnyoi,nt hneo rthwesshetoo erfrnt hDee ad allegmoertihcoadl, v iwehweievcdehB r biyl pea ssaashg aev inge nfosu­r
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Seaa,s sumae ds tersocnhga totleongtoirrcy;ati lons gh ohwo wc ontem­ es":l riat(leoh ri stoarliglcoearli()cod,aro l c ntarlmi)o,r( aoltr rp oolog1cal),
poravrneyt rselattoti hneogiw rnc ommunfiutllylfO eiTdp rpohec3i es. anadn aggioc(aolr telosocghiacWailt)h. "asv4 ua crhio efit nyt erpretative
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Chnstiaacmtltulwyaya bso rnw ithtihcneo ntoefRx atb biJnuidca ism optiaonnudsn dtehrie n flueonfcler e'nesale euvsa otfti roand aibtioovne
and expandleadti enrit tosr eetlahfloe m fHs e lleniJsutdiacbi esfomr e thSerc ipstt,uhr Meee diecvhaulrc cohue lads cillaybi imb lsiucpapfloo rrt
facitnhgger eacthearl loefnp gaegsa ntihsacmth aractmeorsoitftz heed manoyfi tnsob nibltiecaaclh Biyne glvsea.t iencgcs lieasttriacdatilot ion
RomaEnm pire. thsea mlee voefal u thoarsi tBtyih bet lhece,h urwcahsa blteot ransfer
manoyft hsea lvpirfiecr ogfraotmiC vherasin sdt Stchreui rpettsoh erself
AnciaennMdte dieCvhaulcr h and shaecrr amseynsttaelm .
Noatl l iBnitbelrepa rcecteetprhtsaee le dgl ormiectahloA dla.rde iyn
ChrainsHdti asp osbtrloewksie t thh hee rmenleiumtoiifctc us rr ent thfoeu rctehn rtyAu .Dt.hC,eh risctaitaenc hsecthioocfoAa lnl t iionc hS yr­
Judabiyse mm phastihzeeix ncgl uasuitvheoo rfSi ctrtyiu porev earlo lt her iwaa tse ac"htihhneig s toricalu-ngdrearmsmtaoatfSni cdcriainlpgt t huarte :
socueosfr eligious (kMna5ot:tw) l1.Te8 hdehg ieg h tvhaelyu etg oa ve eveprays shaagosen p el asiinm,pm leaen cionngv ebyye gdir tasm maanrd
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Scnuprtaen tdh ebiarl anicnetde rpreotfa ctioitnostn ae rneetv idneontt wor.d5"sD uritnhgMe i ddAlgeep sr,e -oRremfesrusca,hs J ohWnyc lfie,f
onliyn wthyCe h rainstdth NeT w ritienrtse rptrhHeee trbeedwS crip­ JohHnu sJse,r oomfPe r agaunetd,h W ea ldentsreitseord, e sttohareue t hor­
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turbeusat l ms toh e twhaefyya cceedr thaeirnm eneuticailnt hdei stortiiotnoysft hSec ripatbuorevecesc lesdieacsitsiTichoaeDnl us t."c hD eov�to
Judaoifst mh eir Cthirmcieos.nt d emsneevdeR raablb itnriacd iatnido ns Modern"a Borre thorfte hne Common LbiyfeG e(rfoaGurrndod omet de
externala str riatduiattlhi"saoi tnn sv altihwdeoa rtodefG d o d("M a1t:5t,6 th1et4 h�e ntAur.yD w.e)r,de e eply cwointtchhe ernoiewrdns pirlifiteu al
NASBc;f 2.31 :3-8)H.e aolpspoo asnecydu ulrtaalc commodoaftt hieo n antdh epierr suonndaelr stoafSn cdriinpgHt ouwrveee.ir wt,a osn liynt he
Wordf ? odt hwaotu nludl liitfsy sanpcotwi(efyJrio 1nh:g7n-6 23a)st, h e fihrasoltff stihxet eceennttAhu. r.Dty h at aw imdoerseph reermaedn euti­
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HelmlsetJiecwd si d witohw nbt ehleiAiegrfa si.anh sitg hly faosrmc etic cal reforremiantsittohannel o lrmeadta iuvteh oorfti hSteyc i rptures.
ofr eliagspi roanc,t iintc hQeeud rnr acno mmunCihtrysi,es ontut Ht i fso l­
lowetrops r eatchgheo sptoe" la ll n(aMtai2to:8t1n )9s." ReformatainoPdno st-Reformation
InJ oh1n7C h rpirsaty tehdHa itf so olwlesrhso ufludlt fihlemlii rs ns io
int he wwoirtlhdbo euiton ftg h weo r(lvds 9s1-.)9 .B utl,i Hkeel nliestic TheR eformaotfit ohsnei xteceennttwhua rsfiy r satn df oremao st
Judism,ost-ApCohsrtiosltaiicla snoim tulyco ohsf it t osr igbiinballi ­ hermeneRuetfiocramlaI tti oawnba.lts oe s hatkheae u thoorfi ttyh e Ro­
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caild enbtyia tcyc omamtoidGnrge co-RcoumlatnuE rveep.nr ominent manC athoChluircac nhgd e neraanet ned ureicncgl esiRaesfotrimcaa­l
leadseurcashs,I renaOeruisg,e nA,u gaunsdtg iinvee, eviintd heenicre tioMna.r tLiunt hberro wkiet mha nmye dieevxatlri ab-lbtircaadli tions
writoifns guscc hh angMeasn.Cy h risitnitaenrp rfoeutneidrnt s hA el ex­ anwdi tthhR eo maCna tlhihoce rmecnaehluet gienmyto,h eraelblyo wing
andrailalne gmoertihceoandlo ulgaht ifotrut dhees iyrn creatcicsotmi­c thBei btlose p edaikr etcoet vleybr eiyle evrT.h Bei bwlaers e sttooir tesd
modatoifSo cnr uirptetop opucluaulrrt e. centratlh rpoltuahgcpeher ciinpolfes osf sacp rtiau( rtheex clusiveness
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l/stol/'J/o(d'g(ml1/1' 1!1fd' A<h/wJ1h1Ii1 //ch.a11lt· e11 11retatio11 // .1/1·0·/1•itt/ll llt'll1,1!!,/l''Aldlvte/l1lJ1lit(hif/. /i11c·1a1//l /Cl ''lC'latio11
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otrhS Secc rriiptpauwtnreudter roa)eetl salscr o iwtpetoidu( nr trath peterot etehta molesfivSl tceyrts iho prutguOthrnhe che)emi . os rteo ri­ tnhaahttiui srntatcolear rnbyv e ue nnWcthkieoronosan dlw.p i ptlthitootea uhdktBe i i nbgctl onhseihei,nri d atset?onti ao n�sce�arl­-cntical
calr-agmmatmiectahlao ndtd;h epirro phetic-ealmpeeoncbtaeslg yapnt ic methloemdda ntyor eintietrrspe rfeetrt eomn icrelaseac sn tdos upernatu­
toe xpilnta hoen gohiinsgt ooftr hyCe hr istcihaunru cshit nhghe i storicist railn terveansht uimoarnnhs e todreivciaaclnei dst m se ssaasgo eb solete
appro.a6Ec xhcefoprst a ltviaobnyg ratcher ofuagih(t Ehp2 h: 8-t1h0e) , int hmeo desmc iensteitfitci ng.
MagistReerfoiramle rsa,sL ustuhcehr ,a nCZdaw livnidgnil,ndi o ,gt o far Beignniwnigtt hhe ea rnliyn etceeennttmuh�rn yy_t, r adiPtriootneasl-
towarretdso rsienrgva eolt hmeajro Bri bdloec trtihnhaeatsbd e coombe­ tandte nominbaetaginto onfa sc ei ncrepaosalinnztgal obne twetehnos e
scurfoeldwl iontgh aep ostpoelriiBcou dtt.h epyl acoentd r ack renewed whoc ontitnouu epdh otlhdPe r otehsitsatnotr ic�ail�cl-� ngdr�­eamma
hermenperuiitnpiclct ehsea vte ntwuoaulllledyat dos ucarh e storation. stanodfiS ncgr ipatnudr etw hhooss uebr siecbdt ot hmeo de�mtiihci s�­tor
Thew orokf L uthaenrod t hseirx teceennttRhue rfyo rmseurcashs calr-ictriec-arle oafdt ihBneig b lHeis.t orcirciatlir ceimsammd eodm i­
ZwingBluiln,lg eiCra,l vBienz,aa n,dc ertoafti hne rardefimocerarls , nanitnt hsec holwaorrolkfby i bliinctaelr purnetttiheslere sc ohnadol ff
caireradf ara-crheiinngfe lnuc.e Despiittisen abitlomi otvyRe o man thtew entcieentthduu rryiw nhgi cibhte gtaonl osien fludeunec teth oe
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C(1a5t4h5o-lb1ite5chRy6ieeo4s tfn)mhod, mer i mnlaiatmauiajdnosluctnt hh mPeered oon fttt eshms Ceoto vauennmotcwe fiTin lrtti eht n st emYeertag toe fnPst coahesme tde em mtotih irsa8m amtet. i onpahlisilosoptahinycnd a tu.r .a sl.ci is-tic
ovwanri idoeunstt hiabotnbrsyddra,ee an nncochamheniesddns e a Wntioitmtohihn inesena .xtt epeisrnoostnfkties ehod een pi irn gr etshpeeicr­ esnccib:eego nafbcn ie eb trlaooitr dchecenaeoh ol lr ocmgaaymato euin tv hetso ohcrfSeei c ntreyi p.stt uhu?peerp veoe'rl�tgom pgi, m some m­
tivbee liienpf aasrl lcerle eadnsdc onfesosffai iotnhUs.s efualss uch stcaentsh,he i stoorfbi icbiltaiyc ccaotlus n.9
statementfso mrca oiunltdad iobnceit nrugin nitathlye e,yv entlueatdlo l y
fixterda ditthiaotn slfu irmtihsteaeerrd cf hoB ri btlreu thst.r aSduicthi ons
InterprFertoaWmti ilolniM ialml er
remaimnoeroderl esstsa biilnti hzeteiedra chuinnttgihsle l iEgnhtenment
2. toS eventAhd-vdeanyt ists
duriwnhgi crha tionpahlisilosoptahinycnd a turaslciiseotnpicecenb ley­
gatnoc halltehtnerg ues twoorftS hcirniep.st su re
WilliMaiml ler
ModeCrhnr istianity
Thle aetieg hteaenendat rhn,li yn eteceenntthuw,ri it�esnseea dnu n­
Thlea thtaeolrfft heei ghtthce eenntaunrdy ftihhreas oltff t hnei ne­ precedweonrtleddw ideo fir netveiirntve hasbelti bltiecaaclho n_mt ghse
teecnetnht burroyu agr hatd ical sphaitrfoWat ed sitgcemurn l tMuarney. secocnodm ionfCg h riMsatn.Py r otnetis nttaerpwree�rct oe:nrmsc ed
oft hteh oulgaehdte orfts h tei mbee gtaonr eplbaecleii nse ufep rnatural byt hesitruo dfby i blpircoaplh tehcaiets wC ohurcliodsm tme t heoiwrn
revteilwoaint nha turamleitsh.toH idocswt ou ndertsthBaein bdbl eec ame tim.Wei llMiialm(l e1r7 82-o1fL8 o4wH9 a)m ptoNne,wY orka,B ap­
thceo roefa stdreobnagt e tahmowoshneotg r iteodd e fenidts su pernatu­ tisprto,v iodneoedf t hmeo sdte velcohporendo lo.cg ailccat?uilnloasf
raolr iagniidnt nso rmaatuitvheo ritwyh;oc htothsooe s ree igatas sr idm ­ th2e3 0d0a yosfD ani81e:4l a nodt heenrd -tpirmoep hecSicensp toufr e,
playp rodoufac ntc iceunltt uarntedhs o;ws heos ougthort e reifatrd o m conclutdhtiahntieg m penfduilnlfgmi eolnftt h eavte wnotu olcdc aubro ut
thpee rspeocfmt oidveem ratciuolntaulriest.i c A.D1.8 43L.a teSra,m uSe.Sl n ocwa lctuemldoa rper ecitshealty the
WhilHeee lnlisJteiwacsn dm edieval eCmhprilsottyhieaeadl n lse ­ 230d0a ywso ubldef ulfiintl hlaeeu dt uomf1n 8 4(4.i eo.nO, c to2b2e,r
ignow rhiimccteahhtl ehlt yoioa dv c ecdo,m rmmaototdhdilBaeeoiti mnsdeb tate losvew e atlrthodrheph ee eis dsp tecocrurtiliittcviuaecrl ae-lsc 18M4i4l)sl.te urd tihSeecd r ipwtiutrhteihshne e rme.n efurhacmaelw ork pro-
wmheitcihtwhtooaa d cps cr oomdmuoHctdeishadBtet.io e rbcb ilraceica tkwldira scert ilotosi hnmeale sni ctiecerunaltrt ytiu nora ensa lysispv ried(etsde(1o r s)tf bc hapyPre t ir auo)r(t,2e tp)shr tPeiar nlnoceottif tep gasrktaitamnhn�imgetica bat_allsei-_s tho iwmsneit tnohtnoecdra,­l
studdoyc umefnrtosm ptehres peocftt hievier indetbhtpeea drn­ess to an(d3 t)h ber anocfth hh ei storimcieilnslntPi-rapolrt eesscthaoonfopt lr o­
ticusloacri ou-rcamulil ltiienwu h icthh ewye rper oddu.cT7eh mee thod phetiinct erprtehtadatitn dio aotcn c etphdtei spteinostnahaeloo rfty h e
develooupoteft d h Een lhitgenmaessnutm pt(ioboran s pirce sutpipoons)i restoorfat thJieeo wnts oP alteisanseafu lfmielnoltfp roph0eB cuytt.h 1e
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