Understanding HIV AIDS Mgmt., Care - Pandemic Apprs. in the 21st Cent.

394 Pages·2011·6.85 MB·English

by  F. Kasenga

UNDERSTANDING
HIV/AIDS MANAGEMENT
AND CARE – PANDEMIC
APPROACHES
IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Edited by Fyson Hanania Kasenga
Understanding HIV/AIDS Management and Care –
Pandemic Approaches in the 21st Century
Edited by Fyson Hanania Kasenga

Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

Copyright © 2011 InTech
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First published November, 2011
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Understanding HIV/AIDS Management and Care –
Pandemic Approaches in the 21st Century, Edited by Fyson Hanania Kasenga
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-603-4
free online editions of InTech
Books and Journals can be found at
www.intechopen.com

Contents

Preface IX
Part 1 Prevention of HIV/AIDS in General 1
Chapter 1 HIV Surveillance 3
Ali Mirzazadeh and Saharnaz Nedjat
Chapter 2 Is It Possible to Implement AIDS‘
Prevention in Primary School? 13
Dominique Berger
Chapter 3 Social Determinants
of HIV Health Care: A Tale of Two Cities 33
Rupali Kotwal Doshi, Carlos del Rio and Vincent C. Marconi
Chapter 4 The Role of the Private Sector in HIV and AIDS Interventions
in Developing Countries: The Case of Lesotho 59
Zitha Mokomane and Mokhantšo Makoae
Part 2 Prevention of Mother to Child
Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) 75
Chapter 5 Antenatal Screening
and HIV-Pregnancy: Strategies for Treatment 77
Ali A. Al-Jabri, Abdullah A. Balkhair,
Mohammed S. Al-Balosh and Sidgi S. Hasson
Chapter 6 Effectiveness of the Regular Implementation
of the Mother to Child Transmission Plus
(MTCT-Plus) Program in Burkina Faso, West Africa 87
Fabio Buelli, Virginio Pietra, Richard Fabian Schumacher,
Jacques Simpore, Salvatore Pignatelli, Francesco Castelli
and the ESTHER-Brescia Study Group
Chapter 7 Exosomes Decrease In Vitro Infectivity of HIV-1 Preparations:
Implication for CD4+T Lymphocyte Depletion In Vivo 99
Subra Caroline, Burelout Chantal, Proulx Sophie,
Simard Sébastien and Gilbert Caroline
VI Contents

Chapter 8 Nikavir in Chemoprevention
Regimens of Vertical HIV Transmission 125
Elvira Ivanova, Nadezhda Shmagel and Natalia Vorobeva
Part 3 Understanding Immunological
Aspects of HIV in an Infected Person 149
Chapter 9 Natural Catalytic Antibodies
in Norm and in HIV-Infected Patients 151
Georgy A. Nevinsky
Chapter 10 RNAi-Based Gene Expression Strategies to Combat HIV 193
Fiona T. van den Berg and Marc S. Weinberg
Chapter 11 Exponential Equilibria
and Uniform Boundedness of HIV Infection Model 219
E. Castellanos-Velasco and J. Santos-Ferreira
Part 4 Treatment, Care and Support of HIV/AIDS Patients 237
Chapter 12 Glycosphingolipids in HIV/AIDS:
The Potential Therapeutic Application 239
Clifford A. Lingwood and Donald R. Branch
Chapter 13 Drug-Drug Interactions
as a Challenge in the Treatment of HIV/AIDS 281
Norah L. Katende-Kyenda
Chapter 14 Clinical Relevance of Drug Interactions in
HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy 301
Pedro Amariles, Newar Giraldo Alzate and Maria Jose Faus
Chapter 15 Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized HIV-Infected
Patients in the HAART Era: An Epidemiological View 359
José António Lopes and Sofia Jorge
Chapter 16 Exploring the Nanotechnology-Based
Drug Delivery Systems for AIDS Treatment 367
Flávia Chiva Carvalho, Rubiana Mara Mainardes
and Maria Palmira Daflon Gremião

Preface

This volume, dealing with various aspects of HIV/AIDS, is the outgrowth of a
continuing need for controlling and reducing this pandemic. Scientific approaches
have been used as basis for compiling this book. It should be understood that
HIV/AIDS is a public health problem that goes beyond trans-cultural perspectives,
which require multi-sectoral action the world has never seen.
HIV/AIDS is associated with an individual’s choices in lifestyle, gender issues and
socio-economic status, but sometimes occurs with no choice at all, especially for
children born from women carrying HIV. Thanks to modern technology and scientific
advances aimed at limiting the transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her
baby, there has been noticeable success in the field.
In some cases, certain chapters have covered materials beyond the comprehension or
requirements of an ordinary reader. This is an opportunity that provides great sources
of knowledge for those who seek to know and do more. Although antiretroviral
treatment has been advocated in this book, the authors wish to draw the reader’s
attention to the world of prevention and control as the main stay for dealing with this
problem. Using empirical and multifaceted efforts, prevention and control measures
can be implemented and yield expected outcomes.
Like any other book on the subject in question, this book is not a substitute or exhausting the
subject of HIV and AIDS. However, it aims at complementing what is already in
circulation and adds value to the clarification of certain concepts to create more room
for reasoning and being part of the problem solving for this global pandemic. It is
further expected to complement a wide range of studies done on this subject and
provides a platform for more up-to-date information on this subject.
This book could be of great value should the readers translate its contents into practice
and contribute to the quality of life of those living with HIV/AIDS, as well as prevent
the masses from contracting HIV infection.
Fyson H. Kasenga, MPH, PhD
Director, Health Ministries
Malawi Union of Seventh Day Adventist Church,
Blantyre,
Malawi