Understanding Architecture: An Introduction to Architecture and Architectural Theory

305 Pages·2005·6.95 MB·English

by  Hazel Conway

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Understanding
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3111 Understanding Architectureis a comprehensive introduction to architecture and
4 architectural history and exceptional in its holistic approach. It explores the
5 current practice of architecture in relation to its history and in relation to
6 the issues that are significant today. This new edition looks at the implica-
7 tions of sustainability, at conservation, landscape, and urban regeneration.
8 Its extended coverage includes China, the Middle East, India, Africa and
9 other parts of the world.
20111 Its aim is to help people make sense of the experience of architecture and
1 the built environment by introducing some of the complexities of the subject.
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3 Hazel Conway is a heritage consultant. She is on the London Advisory
4 Committee and the Historic Parks and Gardens Panel of English Heritage
5 and was a member of the Urban Parks Panel of the Heritage Lottery Fund.
6 She lectures at a number of institutions and was principal lecturer in archi-
7 tectural and landscape history at Leicester Polytechnic. She was awarded her
8 doctorate for her study of Victorian parks. Her books include Public Parks,
9 Shire Publications, 1996 and People’s Parks, Cambridge University Press,
30111 1991.
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2 Rowan Roenisch is a principal lecturer in architectural history at De
3 Montfort University. She is a member of the Institute of Historic Building
4 Conservation and a caseworker for the Victorian Society. She has contributed
5 to the Encyclopaedia of Vernacular Architecture of the World and presented
6 papers on Zimbab wean Shona and Tonga architecture at the International
7 Association for the Study of Traditional Environments conferences held in
8 Italy and Hong Kong.
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Frontispiece Malawian miners’ village, Tengenenge, Zimbabwe, 1994
1111 Understanding
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An introduction to architecture
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and architectural history
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Hazel Conway and
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First edition published 1994
This edition published 2005
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2006.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
© 1994, 2005 Hazel Conway and Rowan Roenisch
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted
or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Conway, Hazel.
Understanding architecture: an introduction to architecture and
architectural history/Hazel Conway and Rowan Roenisch. – 2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0–415–320 58–5 (hard cover: alk. paper) –
ISBN 0–415–32059–3 (soft cover: alk. paper) –
ISBN 0–203–23823–0 (e-book)
1. Architecture. 2. Architecture and society. I. Roenisch, Rowan.
II. Title.
NA2500.C62 2004
720–dc22 2004009647
ISBN 0–415–32059–3
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Contents
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3111 Illustration credits viii
4 Foreword ix
5 Foreword to the first edition xi
6 Acknowledgements xiii
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1 Introduction 1
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2 Architecture and building 9
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3 Architectural history 33
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4 Space and function 55
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5 Drawings and models 82
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6 Materials and construction 110
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7 The exterior 142
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8 Styles and periods 167
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9 Site and place 193
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6 10 Sources 220
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9 Glossary 239
40111 Notes 268
1 Index 274
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Illustration credits
ARS, NY and DACS: 2.11, 9.2 Gale, Adrian: 7.6
Bangha, Imre: 6.4 Hampshire Country Architects: 5.17,
Bibliothèque Nationale: 8.5 5.18, 5.19, 5.20
Bower, Dave: 6.11 Hermer Verlag München: 7.9
Branfoot, Crispin: 8.9, 8.10 Illustrated London News: 2.1
Builder: 5.5, 7.2 Insall, Donald: 4.12
Charles, Martin: 7.13, 8.4 London Borough of Richmond upon
Chicago Tribune: 2.10 Thames, Library and Information
Cole, Dominic (courtesy of Land Use Services: 5.21
Consultants): 6.16 McCutchion, David: 4.2
Conway, Hazel: frontispiece, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, McGrath, Norman: 8.6
2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.12, 2.13, 2.14, Ordnance Survey: 5.4
3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 (by kind permission Penguin Books Ltd: 5.8
of the Chapter of Wells Cathedral), Pugin, A. W. N., Contrasts, (1841
3.7, 3.10, 4.1, 4.3, 4.5, 4.13, 4.16 (by edition): 3.3
kind permission of the owners), 5.22, RIBA Drawings Collection: 5.11, 5.15,
5.24, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.13, 6.14, 5.16, 7.18
6.15, 6.17, 7.5 (courtesy of English Roenisch, Rowan: 3.8, 3.9, 4.6, 4.8, 4.14,
Heritage), 7.7 (courtesy of the owner), 4.15, 5.25, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.9, 6.10,
7.8, 7.10, 7.11, 7.12, 7.15, 7.19, 6.12, 6.19, 7.1, 7.3, 7.4, 7.14
7.23, 7.24, 8.2, 8.8, 8.13, 9.2, 9.3, (courtesy of the owner), 7.17 (courtesy
9.4, 9.6 (by kind permission of the of the National Trust), 7.20, 7.22,
National Trust), 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10, 8.11, 8.14 (reproduced by permission
9.11 of Nottingham City Council), 8.15,
Country Life: 8.7 8.16
Curl, James Stevens: 4.9 Rosen, Michael: 2.2
Davies, Richard: 5.26 Royal Commission on the Historical
Gilbert, Dennis/VIEW: 4.17 Monuments of England: 5.1
English Heritage Photo Library: 4.4 Serlio, Sebastino, L’Architettura, c.1540:
Esto: 4.10 5.2
Etherton, David: 8.1 Spencer, Ian: 7.21
FLC/ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London Tesco Stores Ltd: 8.12
2004: 8.3 Unichrome, Bath: 3.1
Fondation Le Corbusier: 7.16
The authors and publishers would like to thank the above individuals and organisations
for permission to reproduce material. We have made every effort to contact and acknow-
ledge copyright holders, but if any errors or omissions have been made we would be happy
to correct them at a later printing.
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Foreword
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4 Professor Peter Swallow
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3111 As the late Professor Furneaux Jordan once wrote, ‘architecture is the product
4 of a hundred circumstances’ and to a newcomer the subject may appear both
5 inaccessible and daunting. However, all that is required to make some sense
6 of architecture, and increase one’s pleasure in experiencing it is an enquiring
7 mind and a sound introductory text to set one off on what, for many, becomes
8 a rich life-long journey of discovery.
9 This book provides an impressive introduction to architecture and archi-
20111 tectural history by presenting in a structured way clear insights into how
1 architecture is influenced by the climate, culture, society, technology and
2 needs of its time and place. Through carefully chosen and well-illustrated
3 examples, taken from many parts of the world, the reader is both informed
4 and given the means by which to analyse and understand the architecture
5 around them.
6 In this thoroughly revised and updated second edition the authors have
7 covered in a masterly way, albeit at an introductory level, such diverse issues
8 as conservation, ethnicity, feminism, planning and urbanism, which are at
9 the heart of many of the debates on architecture.
30111 I warmly commend this as a book that will enable students to engage
1 with, rationalise and understand not only the architecture of the past and
2 the present, but also the future.
3 Department of Product and Spatial Design
4 (incorporating Leicester School of Architecture)
5 De Montfort University
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