Unani Medicine In India

122 Pages·2016·6.19 MB·English

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CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN UNANI MEDICINE
Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani,
Siddha and Homoeopathy (AYUSH), Government of India
61 - 65, Institutional Area, Janakpuri, New Delhi – 110 058
Telephone: [phone]/97 CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN UNANI MEDICINE
Fax: [phone] • Email: [email protected] • Website: www.ccrum.net
Unani Medicine in India
an Overview
Prof. Rais-ur-Rahman
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director General, ccrUM & e
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adviser (Unani), Ministry of aYUSH, Government of india v
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CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN UNANI MEDICINE n
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Ministry of ayurveda, Yoga & naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy (aYUSH)
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Government of india U
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UNANI MEDICINE IN INDIA – AN OVERVIEW
June 2016 • 10,000 copies
ISBN: 81-87748-47-8
Inputs Provided by:
Dr. Khalid M. Siddiqui, Deputy Director General
Dr. Jamal Akhtar, Research Officer (Unani)
Dr. Qamar Uddin, Research Officer (Unani)
Mr. Mohammad Niyaz Ahmad, Research Officer (Publication)
Mr. Suhail M. Adhami, Consultant (Statistics)
Mr. Anirban Rej, Investigator (Statistics)
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Published by:
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CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN UNANI MEDICINE
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i Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
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n 61-65, Institutional Area, Janakpuri, New Delhi - 110058
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n Telephone: [phone]/97
i Fax: [phone]

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Email: [email protected]
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i Website: www.ccrum.net
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Printed at:
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n Rakmo Press Pvt. Ltd.
U C-59, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi - 110 020, India
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FOREWORD
The Unani System of Medicine is an age-old but time-tested system of healthcare, which w
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came to India from Greece (Yünän) through Arab and Iran, developed scientifically to great i
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heights and earned wide public acceptance in this country. The Government of India has r
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recognised Unani Medicine as an Indian System of Medicine and systematically integrated it v
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in the national healthcare delivery system. The Government has been providing increasing
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patronage and funds for multifaceted development of Unani System of Medicine as well

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as other Indian systems of medicine. As a result, a wide network of educational, research

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and healthcare institutions of Unani Medicine has been developed and India has emerged i
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as the world leader in Unani Medicine. n
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With formation of a full-fledged Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani,
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Siddha, and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) in November 2014, AYUSH systems of medicine have
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got a further boost. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in AYUSH systems i
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of medicine in both developing as well as developed countries of the world, particularly e
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because of the fact that the drugs used in these systems have curative value with no major
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adverse effects and strengthen the immune system of the body.
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Prevention and control of cancer, diabetes, and other chronic and non-communicable
diseases (NCDs) pose a global challenge to the medical fraternity and scientists. To address
the emerging challenges of healthcare, the Ministry of AYUSH has been taking serious
initiatives for integrating AYUSH systems with the conventional medicine. The Ministry
in collaboration with Directorate General of Health Services has launched a programme
to integrate Ayurveda, Unani and Homoeopathy with National Programme for Prevention
and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) through
its research councils with the objectives of prevention, early diagnosis and reducing
complications of these diseases.
The present document provides a bird’s-eye view of Unani Medicine with details on its
origin, fundamentals, education, research & development and status in India. This revised
edition is being brought out with the hope that it shall be useful in spreading the rich and
age-old knowledge about Unani System of Medicine for universal health benefits.
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From the Desk of Director General
The Unani System of Medicine owes its origin to Greece (Yünän). The Greek philosophers and physicians
systematized ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian healthcare concepts and developed them into a Science of
Medicine. From Greece, Medicine travelled to Rome where it was further advanced. In the Middle Ages, it
came to the Arab and Central Asian countries, and parts of Europe. The Arab and Persian scholars enriched
it with their experiences and knowledge and developed it to great heights. From Arab countries and Iran,
this system came to India where it flourished tremendously and found great acceptance among the people.
Now, it is in India that Unani System of Medicine has the most cherished, longest and continuous history
and is being taught and practiced in the most developed form. Ever since Independence, the Government
of India has been extending increasing support and funds for the multi-pronged development of Unani
Medicine as well as other indigenous medicines. As a result, education, research and healthcare in Unani
System of Medicine have been developed considerably in the country. Thanks to the governmental w
patronage, today India leads the world in Unani Medicine. In view of the growing global interest in this e
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time-tested system of medicine, India is trying its best to scientifically validate the strengths of the system r
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and promote it worldwide. v
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Today, the country has a well-developed infrastructure of academic, research and healthcare institutions a

of Unani System of Medicine. There are 46 teaching institutions that offer Unani medical education and —

training. Of them, 34 offer undergraduate (UG) courses only, 11 offer both UG and postgraduate (PG) a
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courses, and one – National Institute of Unani Medicine (NIUM), Bengaluru (Karnataka) – set up by d
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the Central Government to conduct postgraduate education and research in Unani System of Medicine
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offers only PG courses. Apart from these, Ph.D. programme has also been initiated at NIUM, Bengaluru i

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and Government Nizamia Tibbi College (GNTC), Hyderabad. The Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian n
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Medicine (PLIM) is functioning since 1970 as an appellate laboratory for testing of traditional medicines
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including Unani drugs and development of Pharmacopoeial standards under the purview of Pharmacopoeia e
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Commission for Indian Medicine (PCIM). The education and practice of Unani System of Medicine are

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under the regulatory control of Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM), a statutory body established n
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through an Act of Parliament – the Indian Medicine Central Council (IMCC) Act, 1970. n
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The country has a large network of Unani hospitals and dispensaries, which are mainly functioning under
Central and State Governments. A National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB) is functioning under the
Ministry of AYUSH to coordinate and support conservation, cultivation and trade of medicinal plants.
Besides, there is Indian Medicines Pharmaceutical Corporation Limited (IMPCL), Mohan (Uttarakhand)
- a Government of India enterprise for supply of medicines to Government dispensaries and hospitals.
There also exist a good number of licensed manufacturing units for Unani drugs in the private sector
of the country. The Government is making well-planned efforts to develop international cooperation to
propagate Unani System of Medicine as well as Ayurveda in other countries. As a result, a Unani Medicine
Chair has been established at the University of Western Cape, South Africa.
The Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) - an autonomous organization under
the Ministry of AYUSH – has been engaged in conducting scientific research on the applied as well as
fundamental aspects of the system for over the past three and a half decades of its existence. The Council
has over the years made significant strides in its research programmes. The Council’s progress in the
areas of clinical research, drug standardization, survey and cultivation of medicinal plants, and literary
research has attracted international attention. The Council has won appreciation from various quarters for
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r scientific journals of international repute. It has also initiated steps to start M.D. and Ph.D. programmes
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n In order to further develop and promote Unani Medicine, the Government of India has allotted 10 acres of
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land at Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh for the establishment of All India Institute of Unani Medicine (AIIUM).
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To prevent the biopiracy and misappropriation of the classical Unani formulations, the Government of
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d India has launched the Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), a joint initiative of the Ministry of
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i AYUSH and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. Under this project, 1,75,150 Unani drugs have

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i been transcribed in a digital database in a patent-compatible format using multi-linguistic data that have

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n been made accessible to the international patent offices under non-disclosure agreement to examine patent
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c applications based on traditional medical knowledge. This initiative has prevented wrong patenting of a
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Through this document entitled Unani Medicine in India – An Overview, which is the revised and updated
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a edition of the same title published in 2013, CCRUM aims to introduce Unani System of Medicine to a
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development of Unani System of Medicine as well as its unique philosophy, basic principles and
fundamentals, modes of treatment, use of natural drugs, and scientific achievements. It also provides an
insight into the contemporary research and development activities, besides the regulatory mechanism for
education, training and practice of Unani System of Medicine. I am confident that the document will help
widely publicize the strengths of the system and the progress it has made under the patronage and support
of the Government of India in different fields.
We are deeply indebted to Shri Ajit M. Sharan, Secretary, Ministry of AYUSH for his valuable guidance
for bringing out the revised edition of this important document on Unani System of Medicine. We are
also grateful to Shri Anil Ganeriwala, Joint Secretary, Ministry of AYUSH for his sincere advices and
encouragement. We also wish to place on record our sincere thanks to all the experts, reviewers, and
editors for their inputs and suggestions in bringing out this document.
We would also like to put on record our appreciation to Dr. Khalid M. Siddiqui, Deputy Director General;
Dr. Mushtaq Ahmad, former Director, CRIUM, Hyderabad; Mr. Mehr-e-Alam Khan, former Consultant
(Portal); Dr. Jamal Akhtar, Research Officer (Unani); Dr. Qamar Uddin, Research Officer (Unani); Dr. Bilal
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Ahmad, Research Officer (Unani); Mr. Mohammad Niyaz Ahmad, Research Officer (Publication); Mr. Suhail
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M. Adhami, Consultant (Statistics) and Mr. Anirban Rej, Investigator (Statistics) for their contribution v
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in updating and revising this document. We sincerely hope that this revised edition will attract a wider e
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readership and help build a better understanding of the various aspects of Unani System of Medicine. We O

welcome suggestions and comments, if any, for further improvement. n
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Prof. Rais-ur-Rahman
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Director General, CCRUM & d
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Adviser (Unani), Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India i

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contents
Foreword 3
From the Desk of Director General 5
List of Figures 11
Transliteration Table 13
INTRODUCTION 15
1. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT 15
2. FUNDAMENTALS OF UNANI MEDICINE 24
3. DIAGNOSIS 27
4. PREVENTION OF DISEASE 28
5. THERAPEUTICS 32
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RESEARCH 35 i
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1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 35 e
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2. CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN UNANI MEDICINE 37
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3. MANAGEMENT OF THE COUNCIL 38
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4. INSTITUTIONAL NETWORK OF CCRUM 41 a
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5. PROGRAMME PROFILE 48 n
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I. CLINICAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME 55
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i. Achievements of the CCRUM 59 n
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ii. Clinical Validation of Unani Pharmacopoeial Formulations 72 i
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iii. Development of Unani Drugs for Common / Seasonal Ailments 72 M

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iv. Validation of Regimen Therapies 73 n
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v. Collaborations 74
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