Two strategies for Europe: De Gaulle, the United States, and the Atlantic Alliance

544 Pages·2001·1.36 MB·English

by  Frédéric Bozo

Cover

Two Strategies for Europe : De Gaulle, the
title:
United States, and the Atlantic Alliance
author: Bozo, Frâedâeric.
publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
isbn10 | asin: 0847695301
print isbn13: 9780847695300
ebook isbn13: 9780585382586
language: English
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, France-
-Politics and government--1958- , Gaulle,
Charles de,--1890-1970, France--Foreign
subject
relations--1958-1969, France--Foreign
relations--United States, United States--
Foreign relations--France.
publication date: 2001
lcc: UA646.5.F7B6913 2001eb
ddc: 355/.031091821
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, France-
-Politics and government--1958- , Gaulle,
Charles de,--1890-1970, France--Foreign
subject:
relations--1958-1969, France--Foreign
relations--United States, United States--
Foreign relations--France.
Page i
Two Strategies for Europe
Page ii
Page iii
Two Strategies for Europe
De Gaulle, the United States, and the Atlantic Alliance
Frédéric Bozo
Translated by
Susan Emanuel
ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC.
Lanham • Boulder • New York • Oxford
Page iv
ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC.
Published in the United States of America
by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
4720 Boston Way, Lanham, Maryland 20706
http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com
12 Hid's Copse Road
Cumnor Hill, Oxford OX2 9JJ, England
Copyright © 2001 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
This work was published with the assistance of the Ministère Français
Chargé de la Culture-Centre National du Livre.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the
prior permission of the publisher.
British Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bozo, Frédéric.
[Deux stratégies pour l'Europe. English]
Two strategies for Europe : De Gaulle, the United States, and the Atlantic
Alliance /
Frédéric Bozo ; translated by Susan Emanuel.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8476-9530-1 (alk. paper)—ISBN 0-8476-9531-X (pbk. : alk.
paper) 1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 2. France—Politics and
government—1958—3. Gaulle, Charles de, 1890–1970. 4. France—
Foreign relations—1958–1969 5. France—Foreign relations—United
States. 6. United States—Foreign relations—France. I. Title.
UA646.5.F7 B6913 2000
355′.031091821—dc21 00-040301
Printed in the United States of America
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements
of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z.39.48-1992.
Page v

Contents
Acknowledgments vii
Introduction ix
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xix
1 1958: De Gaulle Hoists His Colors 1
2 The Time of Crises (1959–1960) 29
3 From Berlin to Cuba (1961–1962) 59
4 The Power to Say No (1963–1964) 103
5 The End of Subordination (1965–June 1966) 143
6 One Alliance, Two Strategies (July 1966–1967) 187
7 Confirmation of the Status Quo (1968–April 1969) 219
Conclusion: The Gaullist Legacy 245
Sources and Bibliography 259
Index 273
About the Author 277
Page vi
Page vii
Acknowledgments
As is the case with all scholarly work, this book has its own history. I
recall it here as a means of acknowledging the support from individuals
and institutions without which its writing would have been impossible. The
book's first draft was completed in 1992 at the University of Paris X-
Nanterre; I want to thank my colleague and friend Pierre Melandri for his
support, advice, and encouragement during this formative period.
Throughout those years, my research gained enormously from the
financial support and the intellectual impulse of the Groupe d'étude
français de l'armement nucléaire (GREFHAN). I want to express my
appreciation to Maurice Vaïsse, to whom this book owes a great deal,
and to honor the memory of Jean-Baptiste Duroselle. Because
GREFHAN was the French branch of the international Nuclear History
Program (NHP), I also want to thank the promoters of the NHP, in
particular John L. Gaddis, Catherine Kelleher, Wolfgang Krieger, Ernest
May, Uwe Nerlich, and Robert O'Neill. The French Institute for
International Relations (IFRI), where I have conducted most of my
research over these years, proved to be an incomparable asset both in
terms of logistics and intellectual work, and I am grateful to Thierry de
Montbrial for his support. I also thank the Fondation Charles de Gaulle, in
particular Chantal Morelle, for making the publication of the French
version possible. Last but not least, I want to express my gratitude and
affection to Stanley Hoffmann, to whom I owe so much in so many
regards, starting with two of his favorite themes: de Gaulle and French-
American relations.
Not much of course would have been possible without access to
appropriate sources. In the United States, I want to thank the librarians
and staff of the John F. Kennedy Library in Boston and of the Lyndon B.
Johnson Library in Austin, where I was fortunate enough to do research
respectively in 1988 and 1990. In France, my appreciation goes to
archivists and senior staff in the Archives Diplomatiques in the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs, in particular Monique Constant and Pierre Fournié, for
allowing me to consult theretofore inaccessible archival