Two-photon or higher-order absorbing optical materials and methods of use

71 Pages·2013·3.73 MB·English

US006267913B1
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 6,267,913 B1
Marder et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Jul. 31, 2001
(54) TWO-PHOTON OR HIGHER-ORDER OTHER PUBLICATIONS
ABSORBING OPTICAL MATERIALS AND
METHODS OF USE Cassstevens, Martin K., et al., “A NeW Class of Materials for
Optical PoWer Limiting”, in Nonlinear Optical liquids and
(75) Inventors: Seth Marder; Joseph Perry, both of poWer limiters; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Diego, CA,
Pasadena, CA (US) Jul. 30—31, 1997 (A98—22080 05—74), Bellingham, Society
of Photo—Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE Proceed
(73) Assignee: California Institute of Technology, ings, vol. 3146), 1997, pp. 152—159.
Pasadena, CA (US)
He, et al., “TWo—photon absorption and optical—limiting
properties of novel organic compounds,” Opt. Lett. 20 (18),
(*) Notice: This patent issued on a continued pros
pp. 435—437 (1995).
ecution application ?led under 37 CFR
He, et al., “TWo—photon absorption based optical limiting
1.53(d), and is subject to the tWenty year
patent term provisions of 35 U.S.C. and stabilization in organic molecule—doped solid materi
154(a)(2). als,” Opt. Comm., 117, pp. 133—136 (1995).
Zhao, et al., “NeWly Synthesized Dyes and Their Polymer/
Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Glass Composites for One—and TWo—Photon Pumped Sol
patent is extended or adjusted under 35 id—State Cavity Lasing,” Chem. Mater 7 (10), pp.
U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 1979—1983 (1995).
Narang, et al., “Characterization of a NeW Solvent—Sensitive
(21) Appl. No.: 08/965,945 TWo—Photon—Induced Fluorescent (Aminostyrl)pyridinium
(22) Filed: Nov. 7, 1997 Salt Dye,” J. Phys. Chem. 100 (11), pp. 4521—4525 (1996).
BhaWalkar, et al., “Ef?cient, tWo—photon pumped green
Related US. Application Data upconverted cavity lasing in a neW dye,” Opt. Comm. 124,
(60) Provisional application No. 60/029,443, ?led on Nov. 12, pp. 33—37 (1996).
1996, provisional application No. 60/029,437, ?led on Nov.
12, 1996, and provisional application No. 60/030,141, ?led He, et al., “Studies of tWo—photon pumped frequencey—up
on Nov. 12, 1996. converted lasing properties of a neW dye material,” J. Appl.
Phys. 81 (6), pp. 2529—2537 (1997).
(51) Int. Cl.7 ...................... .. C09K 11/06; C07D 403/06;
G02B 5/22; G02F 1/361
(List continued on next page.)
(52) US. Cl. .................. .. 252/582; 252/301.17; 252/583;
252/586; 544/296; 548/303.7; 549/49; 564/443
Primary Examiner—Richard D. Lovering
(58) Field of Search ................................... .. 252/582, 583,
(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—McCutchen, Doyle, BroWn
252/586, 301.17, 301.21, 301.22; 372/53,
& Enersen LLP
80, 30; 544/93, 296; 430/73, 74, 945; 359/27,
264; 564/443; 548/303.7; 549/49 (57) ABSTRACT
(56) References Cited Compositions capable of simultaneous tWo-photon absorp
tion and higher order absorptivities are disclosed. Many of
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
these compositions are compounds satisfying the formulae
D-H-D, A-H-A, D-A-D and A-D-A, Wherein D is an elec
3,158,475 * 11/1964 Cassiers et al. ................. .. 430/73 X
4,014,871 * 3/1977 Kormany et al. .. .. 252/301.17 X tron donor group, A is an electron acceptor group and H
4,041,476 8/1977 SWainson et al. ................. .. 340/173 comprises a bridge of J's-conjugated bonds connecting the
4,078,229 3/1978 SWainson et al. ................. .. 340/173 electron donor groups and electron acceptor groups. In
4,165,434 * 8/1979 Schafer et al. .. 252/301.17 X A-D-A and D-A-D compounds, the at bridge is substituted
4,238,840 12/1980 SWainson et al. . ......... .. 365/119 With electron donor groups and electron acceptor groups,
4,271,395 * 6/1981 Brinkmann et al. .. .. 252/301.17 X respectively. Also disclosed are methods that generate an
4,288,861 9/1981 SWainson et al. ................. .. 365/127
electronically excited state of a compound, including those
4,333,165 6/1982 SWainson et al. ................. .. 365/120
satisfying one of these formulae. The electronically excited
4,466,080 8/1984 SWainson et al. . 365/106
state is achieved in a method that includes irradiating the
4,471,470 9/1984 SWainson et al. . 365/127
5,009,815 * 4/1991 Wakita et al. 252/582 compound With light. Then, the compound is converted to a
5,034,613 7/1991 Denk et al. ..................... .. 250/4581 multi-photon electronically excited state upon simultaneous
5,086,239 * 2/1992 Wang ........................ .. 252/301.17 X absorption of at least tWo photons of light. The sum of the
5,268,862 12/1993 Rentzepis ...... .. 365/151 energies of all of the absorbed photons is greater than or
5,447,662 * 9/1995 Herr et al. 430/945 X equal to the transition energy from a ground state of the
5,451,494 * 9/1995 Diehl et al. 544/296 x
compound to the multi-photon excited state. The energy of
5,484,821 * 1/1996 Mandal et al. . 522/26
each absorbed photon is less than the transition energy
5,492,792 * 2/1996 Tamura et al. 430/945 X
betWeen the ground state and the loWest single-photon
5,523,573 6/1996 Hanninen et al. . 250/459
excited state of the compound is less than the transition
5,670,090 * 9/1997 Marder et al. . 252/582
5,795,729 * 8/1998 Lee ................................. .. 252/583 X energy betWeen the multi-photon excited state and the
ground state.
FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
2187734 * 7/1990 (JP) .................................... .. 252/582 6 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
US 6,267,913 B1
Page 2
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U.S. Patent Jul. 31, 2001 Sheet 1 0f 9 US 6,267,913 B1
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U.S. Patent Jul. 31, 2001 Sheet 5 0f 9 US 6,267,913 B1
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FIGURE 11
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FIGURE 12
U.S. Patent Jul. 31, 2001 Sheet 6 6f 9 US 6,267,913 B1
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U.S. Patent Jul. 31, 2001 Sheet 7 0f 9 US 6,267,913 B1
Exposure time (sec) required polymerization
Compounds
ln-Bu
"'B‘“ WM, :1
n_Bu/ n-BU
Et
H-BLMNWN I
n-Bu’ Et
ERN‘QIQO-H-BU
Et’
n-Bu,
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n \
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FIGURE 15
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0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
input Energy (tLJ)
FIGURE 17