TWO NEW SPECIES OF WOLF SPIDERS IN THE PARDOSA MODICA GROUP (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE) FROM NORTH AMERICA

2006·4.8 MB·English

by  Charles D Dondale

——
2006 (2007). The Journal of Arachnology 34:506-510
TWO NEW SPECIES OF WOLF SPIDERS IN THE
PARDOSA MODICA GROUP (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE)
FROM NORTH AMERICA
&
Charles D. Dondale: Biodiversity, Research Branch, Agriculture Agri-Food
Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario KIA 0C6, Canada. E-mail: cdond@
istar.ca
ABSTRACT. Two new species of wolf spiders in the Pardosa modica group (Araneae, Lycosidae) are
described from North America: P. knappi from high-elevation lakeshores in the Sierra National Forest,
California, USA, and P. pedia from prairie habitats in Saskatchewan, Canada.
Keywords: taxonomy, anatomy, lakeshore, prairie
North American members of the modica tion of Donald J. Buckle, Saskatoon, Sas-
group of the genus Pardosa C.L. Koch 1847 katchewan, Canada; RSM, Royal Saskatche-
comprise a cluster of more than 20 species of wan Museum, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
relatively large, dark, hairy spiders. One-half
SYSTEMATICS
or more of these live among cobble-sized
stones on beaches, or among boulders high in Family Lycosidae Sundevall 1833
the Rocky Mountains. A few, such as P. gla- Genus Pardosa C.L. Koch 1847
cialis (Thorell 1872) and P. algens (Kuiczyh-
Pardosa C.L. Koch 1847:100.
ski 1908), are high arctic forms. Still others Acroniops Simon 1898:356.
inhabit swamps or bogs at lower elevations or Pardosops Roewer 1955:156.
lower latitudes. Pardosa dromaea (Thorell Chorilycosa Roewer 1960:947.
1877) is unusual in habitat, ranging over the
Type species. Pardosa: Lycosa alacris
Central Plains.
The group has not been revised in total, C.L. Koch 1833, by subsequent designation
though Holm (1967, 1970), Kronestedt (1975, by the International Commission on Zoologi-
cal Nomenclature (2003).
1981, 1988, 1993) and Dondale (1999) have
Acroniops: Acroniops heteropthalmus Si-
treated most of the included species. Dondale
& Redner (1990) and Vogel (2004) defined mon 1898, by monotypy.
Pardosops: Lycosa pontica Thorell 1875,
the group and published reviews, each of
by monotypy.
which includes a key to species.
Chorilycosa: Lycosa arorai Dyal 1935, by
Male specimens of the modica group can
monotypy.
be recognized by the stout, horn-like or tooth-
like terminal apophysis and short median Pardosa knappi new species
apophysis with its beak-like basal process, in Figs. 1-4
the pedipalp. Females possess a flask-shaped Type specimens. UNITED STATES OF
epigynal atrium and long, club-shaped sper- AMERICA: California: Holotype male. Low-
mathecae. er Humphreys Lake (37°15'N, 1 18°40'W), Si-
The purpose ofthis paper is to describe two erra National Forest, Fresno County, 3596 m
new species in the group. Body measurements elevation, 30 July 2004, Roland A. Knapp
are in mm. Depositories ofthe type specimens (CAS). Paratypes: 2 females. Wedge Lake
are as follows: AMNH, American Museum of (37°16'N, 118°42'W), 3468 m elevation, 15
Natural History, New York, New York, USA; July 2004, Roland A. Knapp (CAS); 4 males.
CAS, California Academy of Sciences, San Mesa Lake (37°16'N, 118°43'W) 17 April
Francisco, California, USA; CNC, Canadian 2003, Roland A. Knapp (AMNH); 1 male.
National Collection of Insects and Arachnids, Tomahawk Lake (37°15'N, 118°43'W) 3396
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; DIB, private collec- m elevation, 22 July 2004, Roland A. Knapp
506
DONDALE—NEW SPECIES OF PARDOSA FROM NORTH AMERICA 507
I uirn
0,5mxn
—
Figures 1-8. Pardosa spp. 1-4. P. knappi new species. 1, 2. Male holotype, pedipalp: 1. Ventral view;
2. Retrolateral view. 3, 4. Female paratype from Wedge Lake, California, USA, epigynum: 3. Ventral
view; 4. Dorsal view. 5-8. P. pedia new species. 5, 6. Male holotype, pedipalp: 5. Ventral view; 6.
Retrolateral view. 7, 8. Female paratype from Grassland National Park, Saskatchewan, Canada, epigynum:
7. Ventral view; 8. Dorsal view, e, embolus; m, median apophysis; ms, median septum; 5, atrial sclerite;
sp, spermatheca; term, terminal apophysis.
——
508 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
(CNC); 1 female, unnamed lake (37°15'N, legs vary from deep black to dull red, and tarsi
m
118°41'W) 3590 elevation, 30 July 2004, from reddish to straw yellow. Total length
Roland A. Knapp (AMNH); 1 female, un- 9.00-9.63 (mean ± 1 standard deviation: 9.13
named lake (37°17'N, 118°42'W), 3547 m el- ± 0.21); carapace length 4.23-4.96 (4.69 ±
evation, 3 August 2004, Roland A. Knapp 0.26); carapace width 3.24-3.82 (3.54 ±
(CNC). — 0.21). Females (n = 3): total length 9.71-
Etymology. The specific epithet is in rec- 10.79 (10.25 ± 0.50); carapace length 4.15-
ognition ofthe collector ofthe type series, Dr. 5.15 (4.72 ± 0.42); carapace width 3.22-3.90
Roland A. Knapp, Research Biologist at the (3.60 ± 0.29). —
Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory, Natural history. All specimens in the
University ofCalifornia at Santa Barbara, Cal- type series were collected among rocks on
ifornia. — lakeshores in the Sierra National Forest at el-
Diagnosis. Pardosa knappi males and fe- evations of 3396—-3596 m.
males key to P. hucklei Kronestedt 1975 in Distribution. Known only from Hum-
Dondale & Redner (1990) and in Vogel phreys Basin, Sierra National Forest, Califor-
(2004). They are distinguished from the latter nia, but may be more widespread in other
by the naiTOwer embolus and larger sclerite at parts of the alpine zone of the Sierra Nevada.
the base of the embolus in males (Fig.l), and,
in females, by the more slender spermathecae, Pardosa pedia new species
which have two swellings distally (Fig. 4). Fig—s. 5-8
Both males and females measure, on average, Type specimens. CANADA: Saskatche-
approximately one-third larger than individu- wan: Holotype male, Grasslands National
als of P. bucklei. Park (49°10'N, 107°24'W) 11-14 July 1996,
Description. Male holotype (Figs. 1, 2): A.T. Finnamore (CNC). Paratypes: 3 females,
Carapace brownish black, with short pale me- same data as for holotype (CNC); 1 male,
dian band at dorsal groove, and with pale lat- same locality, 7-10 July 1996, A.T. Finna-
eral bands represented by 3 pairs of large more (DJB); 2 females, same locality, 24-27
spots. Legs basally black, grading to pale red- July 1996, A. T. Finnamore (CNC); 1 female,
dish brown distally; femur I with 2 dorsal ma- same locality, 25-28 July 1996, A. T. Finna-
crosetae, 2 prolaterals (near tip), 0 retrolater- more (DJB); 1 male, 32 km southwest ofBee-
als; tibia I with 2 long dorsal bristles, 2 chy (50°43'N, 107°23'W) 3 June 1970, Mike
prolateral macrosetae, 2 retrolaterals, 3 pairs Gollop, from gullet of bird (Eremophila sp.)
ofventrals; tarsus I with numerous erect setae. (much damaged) (CNC); 1 male, 10 km south
Sternum black. Chelicerae reddish black; pro- of Cadillac (49°3rN, 107°50'W) 30 May-5
margin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 3. Ab- June 1995, J. P—epper (RSM).
domen black dorsally, with dull red heart Etymology, The specific epithet is from
mark; venter dull black. Pedipalp with stout the Greek wordpedios, one meaning ofwhich
curved horn-like terminal apophysis, broad is “dweller o—f the plains” (Jaeger 1955).
straight truncated embolus, and large sclerite Diagnosis. This species is not identifiable
at base of embolus; median apophysis with by the use ofpublished keys owing to the var-
beak-like basal process. Total length 9.63; car- iable number of teeth on the cheliceral retro-
apace length 4.73; carapace width 3.74. margin. Males and females most resemble
Female paratype from Wedge Lake, Cali- those of P. furcifera (Thorell 1875) in size,
fornia, USA. (Figs. 3, 4): Coloration much as color, and generalities of the external genita-
in male, but yellow spots on carapace more lia. Males differ in the flattened, curved, trun-
distinct, and legs showing faint banding. Epi- cated embolus and much smaller terminal
gynum with flask-shaped atrium and narrow, apophysis, and females by the large, distinct
essentially straight median septum; septum atrial sclerites in the epigynum. In both sexes,
widening abruptly at anterior and posteriorex- the lateral bands on the carapace are repre-
tremities; atrial sclerites distinct, diverging an- sented by a series of spots rather than being
teriad; spermathecae with two swellings. Total entire. The habitat also differs: the available
length 10.71; carapace length 4,65; carapace specimens of P. pedia were found in prairie
width 3.65. habitats, whereas those ofP. furcifera occupy
Variation. Males (n = 5): carapace and the ground layer of spruce/willow thickets
——
DONDALE—NEW SPECIES OF PARDOSA FROM NORTH AMERICA 509
near the treeline in the boreal forest as well erra National Forest. Donald J. Buckle origi-
as the arctic tundra itself (Dondale & Redner nally recognized P. pedia as new to science
1990, map 43). and submitted the specimens to me for con-
Description. Male holotype (Figs. 5, 6): firmation and description. Nadine Duperre
Carapace black, with short yellow median band beautifully illustrated the new species.
and with lateral bands each represented by a LITERATURE CITED
series of yellow spots; front with yellow mar-
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subgroup of the genus Pardosa (Araneae; Ly-
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prolateral macrosetae, 1 retrolateral, 3 pairs of Canada and Alaska (Araneae: Lycosidae, Pisaur-
ventrals. Sternum light brown. Chelicerae yel- idae, and Oxyopidae). Agriculture Canada, Ot-
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venter pale yellow. Tibia and cymbium ofped- Holm, A. 1970. Notes on spiders collected by the
“Vega” Expedition 1878-1880. Entomologica
ipalp dark brown, other segments yellow; tibia
Scandinavica 1:188-208.
covered with erect black setae; cymbium cov- International Commission on Zoological Nomen-
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nal apophysis small, tooth-like; embolus long, ical Nomenclature 60:228-229.
slender, nearly straight, with tip somewhat flat- Jaeger, E.C. 1955. A Source-Book of Biological
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short, broad distal process and short curved Thomas, Springfield, Illinois. 323 pp.
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length 2.68; carapace width 2.16. Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. Band 14(3):
Female paratype from the type locality 89-120. J.L. Lotzbeck, Niirnberg.
(lFoitgysp.e,7,bu8t):caCorlaopraacteiodnarmkucbrhowasnirnatmhaelrethhoa-n KroPnaerstdeodsta, Tg.ro1u9p7s5.(SAtruadnieease,onLyscpoesciideaseo)f.HIo.laRrecdtei-c
scription of Pardosa albomaculata (Emerton),
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with median septum long, straight, and nar- America, with comments on some taxonomic
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sclerites large, distinct, pointed; copulatory Kronestedt, T. 1981. Studies on species ofHolarctic
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with few minute nodules. Total length 6.23; scription of Pardosa modica (Blackwall), Par-
carapace length 2.84; carapace width 2.08. dosa labradorensis (Thorell), and Pardosa sin-
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Kronestedt, T. 1988. Studies on species of Holarctic
dark bands as well as the femur. Total length
Pardosa groups (Araneae, Lycosidae). IV. Rede-
5.98, 6.47; carapace length 2.99, 3.49; cara- scription of Pardosa tetonensis Gertsch and de-
pace width 2.18, 2.24. Females (n — 5): the scriptionoftwonew speciesfromthewesternUnit-
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farther posteriad than shown in Fig. 7. Total Kronestedt, T. 1993. Studies on species ofHolarctic
length 5.06-6.47 (5.92 ± 0.64); carapace Pardosa groups (Araneae, Lycosidae). V. Rede-
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS gique, Brussels, Belgium. 1750 pp.
Roewer, C.F. 1960. Exploration du Parc National de
Pardosa knappi is respectfully dedicated to rUpemba. Araneae, LycosiformiaII(Lycosidae).
Dr. Roland A. Knapp, who collected the type Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo Beige,
series in the course of his research in the Si- Brussels, Belgium. 518 pp.
510 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
Simon, E. 1898. Histoire naturelle des Araignees. dae) of the 48 contiguous United States. Journal
Tome 2, Fascicule 2. Second edition. Librairie en- of Arachnology 32:55-108.
cyclopedique de Roret. Paris, France. 193-380 pp.
Vogel, B.R. 2004. A review of the spider genera Manuscript received 15 March 2005, revised 30
Pardosa and Acantholycosa (Araneae, Lycosi- January 2006.