Two new species of Phyllophaga harris (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from South Central Mexico

9 Pages·2003·2.6 MB·

by  Agustín Aragón

)
PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC.WASH.
105(3),2003.pp.559-567
TWO NEW SPECIES OF PHYLLOPHAGA HARRIS (COLEOPTERA:
SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE) FROM SOUTH CENTRAL MEXICO
Agustin Aragon and Miguel-Angel Moron
(AA) Departamento de Investigacion en Ciencias Agn'colas, Institute) de Ciencias. Be-
nemerita Universidad Autononia de Puebla, Apdo. Postal 1292, Ciudad Universitaria.
Puebla. Puebla 72370, Mexico; (MAM) Departamentode Entomologia, Institutode Ecol-
ogia, A.C. (SEP-CONACYT). Apdo. Postal 63. Xalapa, Veracruz91()()(). Mexico(e-mail:
[email protected]
—
Abstract. Phyllophaga {Chlaenohia) rzedowskiana, new species, is described from
remnants of deciduous tropical forests at 940-1.145 m altitude at seven localities of
southwestern Puebla and eastern and southeastern Morelos, Mexico: it is included in the
speciesgroup "ve.xcita." Phyllophaga (IJstrochelus)harrerana, newspecies,isdescribed
from remnants ofdeciduous tropical forests at 1,000-1.210 m altitude at five localitiesof
southern State of Mexico, southeastern Morelos, and southwestern Puebla, Mexico; it is
included in the speciesgroup "cavata." Drawingsofthehead, pronotum, abdomen,tarsal
claws, and genital structures are provided.
—
Resiimen. Se describe Phyllophaga (Chlaenohia) rzedowskiana nueva especie, pro-
cedente de los remanentes de bosques tropicales caducifolios localizados entre los 940 y
1.145 m de altitud en siete localidades del suroeste de Puebla, del este y sureste de
Morelos. Mexico; la que se agrega al grupo de especies ^^vexata." Tambien se describe
Phyllophaga (Listrochelus) harrerana nueva especie. procedente de los remanentes de
bosques tropicales caducifolios ubicados entre los 1.000 y 1.210 m de altitud en cinco
localidades al sur del Estado de Mexico, el sureste de Morelos y el suroeste de Puebla,
Mexico; la cual se incorpora al grupo de especies "cavata." Se incluyen ilustracionesde
la cabeza, pronoto. abdomen, uiias tarsales y estructuras genitales.
Key Wonl.\: May beetles, Phyllopluii^a, taxonomy, deciduous tropical forests, Mexico
A large area between the Mexican states dre del Sur, and species from the xeric
of Morelos, Puebla, Guerrero, and Oaxaca scrubs extended across theTehuacan, Acat-
(approximately 17°30'-19°N 98°-99°45'W) Ian, and Huajuapan valleys,
is known as the upperbasinofthe Rio Bal- Thirty species ofthe genus Phyllophaga
sas. This area is especially interesting be- Hanis (sensn lata) have been listed from
cause itrepresentsatransitionbetweenspe- southwestern Puebla (Moron and Aragon
cies from the tropical deciduous forests, 1997; Moron 1992, 1998; Aragon et al.
widely extended along the lower Pacihc 1998; Moron et al. 2000), and twenty spe-
slopes and lowerbasin ofthe Balsas River, cies have been found in southeastern Mo-
species from the pine-oak forests located relos (Deloya and Moron 1994. 1998;
along the Neovolcanic Axis and Sierra Ma- Perez-Garcia 1999). but the adjacent areas
—
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
ofGuerreroand Oaxaca included in theup- brous, convex, regularly anddeeply punc-
perbasin ofthe Balsas Riverremainpoorly tate. Vertex withoutpunctures. Antenna9-
collected. segmented (Fig. 1), with 3-segmented
Field work during 1999 at Puebla local- club, lamellae 1.5x longer than length of
ities and curatorial work of some Mexican preceeding five segments combined.
collections during 2000-2002 led to the Frons 3.1X wider than dorsal diameterof
discovery of two undescribed species of each eye. Eye canthus long and narrow,
Phyllopha^u. apparently restricted to the with 1 1-12 setae. Labrum bilobed, deeply
upper basin ofthe Balsas River. Below, we sinuate, with scattered long, slender setae
give descriptions of males and females of on borders. Mentum slightly concave, im-
one new species of P. {Chlaetwbia Blan- punctate, with scarce lateral setae, ante-
chard). and males and females ofone new rior border slightly sinuate. Pronotum
species of P. (Listrochehis Blanchard). 1.6X widerthan longand 2.5X widerthan
The characters and terms used in the de- frons. Pronotal disk shiny, with round,
scriptions are those ofChapin (1935), Say- moderately deep punctures, irregularly
lor(1940), and Moron (1986, 1992). Draw- distributed; lateral borders widely angu-
ings were made with the aid of a camera lated, lateral marginal bead withscattered,
lucida and Zeiss stereomicroscope: mea- short, slender setae; basal bead strongly
surementswereobtained withanocularmi- indicated, inclusive in front of scutellum
crometer or caliper where indicated by deep punctures; ante-
Acronymsused inthetextareasfollows; rior angles obtuse, not prominent; poste-
CAS, CaliforniaAcademy ofSciences, San rior angles not directed downward, ob-
Francisco:CNC,Canadian NationalCollec- tuse. Scutellum 1.2X wider than long,
tion, Ottawa; HAHC, Henry and Anne with small punctures irregularly distrib-
Howden, Canadian Museum ofNature, Ot- uted. Elytron 2.7X longer than wide,
tawa; IBUNAM, Institute de Biologi'a, shiny, glabrous, densely rugo-punctate;
UNAM. Mexico City; lEXA, Instituto de punctures small, shallow, separated by 1-
Ecologia, Xalapa, Mexico; MHNM, Museo 2 diameters; epipleural border progres-
de Historia Natural, Mexico City; MXAL, sively narrowed along complete margin,
private collection M.A. Moron, Xalapa, with a nearly homogeneous fringeofslen-
Mexico; UNSM, University of Nebraska der setae; humeral callus rounded, prom-
State Museum, Lincoln. inent; apical callus rounded. Metathoracic
wings completely developed. Propygi-
Phyllophaga (Chlaenobia)rzedowskiana dium slightly shiny, yellowish with shal-
Aragon and Moron, new .species low punctuation and scattered short setae.
(Figs. 1-11) Pygidium convex, mainly towards basal
Descriptit)n. Holotype male: Clypeus border (Fig. 9), shiny, densely punctate,
and frons yellowish brown; pronotum with many short, erect setae on disk; api-
shiny yellowish; elytron straw yellowish cal margin with 8 long, slendersetae;bas-
without macroscopic vestiture, glabrous; al margin incomplete at middle. Pteroster-
mouthparts, sterna, pygidium and legs num with moderately dense, long yellow-
shiny straw yellowish. Clypeus 2.5X wid- ish setae. Visible abdominal sternites II to
er than long, anterior border slightly sin- IV of similar length, slightly flattened,
uate, with elevated margin (Fig. 1), disk with dense, short setae at middle; sternite
surface glabrous, slightly concave at V flattened, slightly longer than precee-
sides, with many uniformly distributed, ding sternite, with short setae at middle
deep, rounded punctures. Frontoclypeal and one row of long setae toward poste-
suture slightly sinuate and deeply im- rior border. Anal plate nearly as long as
pressed. Frons 2.IX wider than long, gla- preceeding sternite, convex, slightly fur-
VOLUME 105. NUMBER3
Figs. 1-11. PliyllophaMii (Chlaenohia) rzedowskiana. 1, Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 2, Male
protarsalclaw,lateralview.3,Femaleprotarsalclaw,lateralview.4.Parameres.distalview.5,Apexofaedeagus.
ventral view. 6, Genital capsule, right lateral view. 7. Genital capsule, dorsal view. 8, Apex ofaedeagus, left
lateralview.9,Maleabdomen,lateralview. 10,Femaleabdomen,lateralview. 11,Femalegenitalplates,ventral
view. Scalelines = I mm,exceptFigs.2-3 = 0.3 mm.
rowed at midline, with scattered, long se- carina on external side; upper apical spur
tae, posterior margin poorly indicated at straight, narrow, and l.lx longer than
sides. Protibia shorter than protarsus lower spur. Metatibia shorter than meta-
(0.53:1), with external border tridentate, tarsus (0.75:1), with one oblique, sharp,
proximal tooth much shortened, preapical setiferous carina on external side; upper
spur narrow, nearly straight, apex acute, apical spur lanceolate, slightly curved,
half as long as 2nd protarsomere. Meso- apex acute, nearly as long as basal meta-
tibia with one oblic|ue, sharp, setiferous tarsomere, and 1.3x lc)nger than lower
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PROCEEDINGSOFTHEENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
spur; lower apical spur articulated with or longer. Total body length: 11.8-12.3
tibial border, with acute apex. Tarsomeres mm; humeral width: 4.9-5.2 mm. Female:
nearly cylindrical, elongate, withenlarged similar to allotype except head and prono-
apices, with some setae apically and two tum light reddish brown, disc and apical
lines of thick setae on ventral side. Pro- borderofanal platewith moreorlesssetae.
tarsal claws narrowly cleft (Fig. 2), with Total body length: 12.0-12.5 mm; humeral
lower tooth shorter than upper tooth; width: 5.0-5.3 mm—.
meso- and metatarsal claws with lower Type material. Described from 51 S.
tooth slightly shorter than upper tooth. 54 $. Holotype 6 MXAL: Mexico: Puebla,
Genital capsule with short parameres Atencingo,Chietla, 1,145 m,30-V-1999,A.
(Figs. 4, 6-7), dorsally and ventrally Aragon. Allotype 9 MXAL: same data as
fused, symmetrical, apex of each para- holotype. Paratypes CAS, CNC, HAHC,
mere widely rounded and directed down- IBUNAM, lEXA, MXAL, MHNM,
ward. Aedeagus with sclerotized, tubelike UNSM: Mexico: Morelos, Emiliano Zapa-
support, and three, angled, apical projec- ta, IO-VI-78. E CerWvantes (3 cJ); Huautla,
tions, one of them notably largest, with 2.5 km Nand4km EstacionCEAMISH,
apex directed downward (Figs. 5-8). Tec- 940 m, 8/12-VI-I996, A. Perez (3 6 2 9);
tum enlarged, widely convex. Length of Huahutla, Estacion CEMISH, 2.5 km N 4
genital capsule from apex ofparameres to km W, 940 m, 8-12-VI-1996, luz, A. Perez
borderofbasal piece: 3.7 mm. Total body (11 (5, 5 9); Zacatepec, Galeana, 28-VI-
length: 12.0mm. Humeral width: 5.0mm. 1983, C. Deloya (6 (5 8 9); same data ex-
Allotype female: Similar to male except cept 27-VI-1983 (3 cJ 6 9); 3-VII-1983 (1
as follows: antenna with lamella of seg- 6 1 9); 4-VII-1983 (1 d); Acamilpa,Tlal-
ments 7-9 slightly shorter than the length tizapan, 27-VI-1983, C. Deloya (1 cJ); Jo-
offivepreceedingsegmentscombined.Vis- jutla, Cerro del Higueron, 4-VII-1982, C.
ible abdominal sternites II to V convex, Deloya (1 c?); Jojutla, 9-Vin-1983, C. De-
with scattered setiferous punctures near loya (1 S 1 9); 26-VL1983 (Id); Jojutla,
middle; anal plate convex, with scattered Unidad Morelos, VI-1988, C. and G. De-
setiferous punctures, and 6 slender setae at loya (18 (5 30 9)—.
posterior border. Complete surface of py- Type locality. Chietla, Atencingo mu-
gidium with many erect setae: basal half nicipality. StateofPuebla, Mexico(approx.
convex, distal half with deep concavity at 18°3rN; 98°35'—W).
middle, with 8 slender setae along apical Distribution. Southwestern Puebla,
border (Fig. 10). Protibia with teeth ofex- eastern and southeastern Morelos, Mexico
ternal border slightly longer than in male. (Fig. 12). —
Both apical spurs of metatibia articulated, Biological Data. Males and females of
wide, lanceolate and curved. Protarsus P. rzedowskiana were collected at white
slightly longerthan protibia(1.12:1).Tarsal fluorescent lights and Hg lights near rem-
clawssimilaron all legs; lowertoothslight- nants oftropical deciduous forests, that in-
ly shorter than upper (Fig. 3). Ventral gen- clude species of Bursera. PseiidosmoiUn-
italplatesconvex,poorlysclerotized,nearly giuDi. Amphipteiygium. Lysiloma, Ceiba,
symmetrical, without setae, apical borders Acacia. Ipomoea. Lemaireocereus, Cepha-
briefly sinuated; dorsal genital plates small, locereiis. and Pachycereiis (Rzedowski
with long setae on distal border (Fig. 11). 1978), surrounded by sugarcane planta-
Total body length: 12.1 mm. Humeral tions, at 940-1,145 m altitude. Phenology:
width: 5.0 mm. May (2), June (97), July (4), August (2).
Variation. Male: Similar to holotype Other species ofPhyllophaga flying at the
exceptasfollows: sclerotizedpreapicalpro- same time and place were P. (Chlaenohia)
jections ofaedeagus more or less narrower howdcniaiia Moron, P. (Pliyllopluiga) hre-
— —
)
VOLUME 105. NUMBER3
100° 99° 98°
Fig. 12. DistributionofPhyl/opluii^a(C.) i:ed(m\kiaiui (•)andP. {L)harrciaini(A) inthe UpperBasin
ofBalsasRiver.Mexico.DoitedlinesrepresenttheapproximateflowoftheBalsasRiveranditsmaintributaries.
Mapadapted fromGarciaand Falcon (1974).
videus (Bates). P. (Phyllopluiiici) illuiicci- on the xeric vegetation and deciduous trop-
iiiinai Moron, and P. {Listroclwlus) barre- icalforestsfromMexicoarecontinuousref-
raiui, n.sp. erences to scientists and students.
Remarks. Phyllophaga Chlaeiwbia
rzedowskiatui belongs to the (species group Phyllophaga {Listrochelus)barrerana
"vexatci" {sensit Moron 1986). By body Aragon and Moron, new species
shape, size, color, general vestitiire, punc- (Figs. 13-22)
tuationontheclypeus.pronotumandelytra. Description. Holotype imile: Clypeus
as well as the general shape of the male and frons reddish brown; pronotum shiny
genital capsule, it is similar to P. (Chlae- reddish yellow; elytron straw yellowish
nobia) howdeniana Moron. But the short without macroscopic vestiture, glabrous;
parameres with rounded apex, the three ir- mouthparts, sterna, pygidium and legs
regular projections at the apex ofthe scler- shiny reddish yellow. Clypeus 2.8X wider
otized support of aedeagus (see Moron than long, anterior border briefand widely
1992. figs. 8-10) and the shallow,preapical sinuate,withelevatedmargin(Fig. 13),disk
depression in the pigydium of the female, surface glabrous, slightly concave at sides,
with small, rounded prominences at each with uniformly distributed, deep, rounded
sideseparateP. rz.edowskiaiiafromP. how- punctures. Frontoclypeal sutureslightlysin-
deniana. — uate and finely impressed. Frons 2.7X wid-
Etymology. This new species is dedi- er than long, glabrous, nearly flattened, ir-
catedtoDr.Jerzy Rzedowski.awell-known regularly and deeply punctate; transverse
Mexican botanist, whose pioneering studies carina ofvertex strongly indicated; surface
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
3-—~J*i*MJ^
14
,_i ,-»AM»A^sJ^
16
15
19
/^^
[
22
Figs. 13-22. Phyllophcif-a (Listrochelus) barrenma. L3. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 14, Male
pmtarsal claw, lateral view. 15. Female protarsal claw, lateral view. 16, Parameres. distal view. 17. Genital
capsule, right lateral view. 18. Genital capsule, dorsal view. 1'). .^pex ofaedeagus. ventral view. 20. Male
abdomen, lateral view. 21, Female abdomen, lateral \icw. 22. Female jicnital plates, \entral view. Scale lines
= 1 mm,exceptfig. 14 = 0.5 mm.
behind carina with scattered, small punc- widely sinuate, with scattered long, slender
tures. Antenna 10-segmented (Fig. 13). setae on borders. Mentum slightly concave,
with 3-segmented club. lamellae 1.4X lon- impunctate. with scarce lateral setae, ante-
ger than length ofpreceeding six segments rior border briefly sinuate. Pronotum 1.5X
combined. Frons2.5X widerthandorsaldi- widerthan long and 2.6X widerthanfrons.
ameter of each eye. Eye canthus long and Pronotal disk shiny, with round, shallow
naiTow. with 12 setae. Labrum bilobed. punctures, iiregularly distributed, leaving
VOLUME 105. NUMBER3
an impunctate mesial strip on anteriorhalf; apically. and scattered setaeon ventral side.
lateral borders widely angulated, lateral All tarsal claws irregularly unipectinate
marginal beadcrenulate. with slendersetae; (Fig. 14). Genital capsule with short para-
basal bead strongly indicated, inclusive in meres (Figs. 15, 18-19), dorsally fused,
front of scutellum where it is indicated by symmetrical, with strongcarinaealongdor-
deep punctures; anterior angles obtuse, so-distal border and lateral border, apex of
slightly prominent; posterior angles obtuse, each paramere widely roundedanddirected
widely rounded. Scutellum 1.2X widerthan downward. Tectum with shallow, wide sul-
long, with small puncturesapically. Elytron cus along midline and rounded prominen-
2.4X longer than wide, shiny, glabrous, ces basally (Fig. 18). Aedeagus with scler-
rugo-punctate; punctures small, shallow, otized, tubelike support, with dorsal pre-
separated by 2-4 diameters; epipleural bor- apical projection, andone subapical, slight-
der progressively narrowed along complete ly asymmetrical sclerite (Figs. 17-19).
margin, with a fringe of slender setae; hu- Length ofgenital capsule from apex ofpa-
meralcallusrounded,prominent;apicalcal- rameres to border of basal piece: 3.8 mm.
lus rounded. Metathoracic wings complete- Total body length: 11.2 mm. Humeral
ly developed. Propygidium slightly shiny, width: 5.0 mm.
yellowish with shallow and scattered seti- Allotypefemale: Similar to male except
ferous punctures. Pygidium uniformly con- as follows: antenna with lamella of seg-
vex (Fig. 16), shiny, with scattered,shallow ments 8-100.8X longerthan lengthofpre-
punctures and short setae on disk; apical ceeding seven segments combined. Anal
margin with 10 slender setae; basal margin plate largeandconvex,withshortsetae.Py-
incomplete at middle. Pterosternum with gidium moderately convex with scattered
dense, longyellowishsetae. Visibleabdom- setiferous punctures (Fig. 21). Tarsal claws
inal sternites II to IV of similar length, with acute tooth before the middle ofven-
slightly flattened, with scattered,shortsetae tral border, and posterior border unipecti-
near middle; sternite V flattened, slightly nate (Fig. 15). Ventral genital plates with
longerthanpreceedingsternite.withscarce, posterior border narrowed, with rounded
short setae, shallowly funowed at midline apex, glabrous. Dorsal genital plates with
ofposterior half, and with posterior border apical border widely curved, briefly
briefly notched. Anal plate much narrowed notched, with erect setae at apex (Fig. 22).
(Fig. 16), with scattered, shallow setiferous Total body length: 13.2 mm. Humeral
punctures, briefly furrowed at midline. Pro- width: 5.8 m—m.
tibia shorter than protarsus (0.51:1). with Variation. Male specimen from Ixtapan
external border tridentate. proximal tooth de la Sal similar to holotype except as fol-
much shortened, preapical spur narrow, lows: pronotai andelytralpuncturesdeeper;
nearly straight, apex acute, 0.6X as long as carinaeoftheparameresmoreelevated.To-
2nd protarsomere. Mesotibia with one tal body length in both sexes: 13.0-13.5
oblique, sharp, setiferouscarinaonexternal mm; humeral width in both sexes: 5.6-5.9
side; upper apical spur straight, narrow, as mm. —
long as lower spur Metatibia shorter than Type material. Described from 24 (5 3
metatarsus (0.8:1). with one oblique, sharp, 9. Holotype 6 MXAL: Mexico: Puebla,
setiferous carina on external side; upper Tilapa, Casa Blanca. 1,210 m, 30-V-1999,
apical spursinuate,apex acute, 1.4X longer A. Aragon. Allotype 9 MXAL: Mexico:
than basal metatarsomere, and 1.2X longer Morelos, Acamilpa, Tlaltizapan, 27-VII-
than lower spur; lower apical spur articu- 1983, C. Deloya. Paratypes CAS, CNC,
lated with tibial border, with acute apex. HAHC. IBUNAM, lEXA, MXAL,
Tarsomeres nearly cylindrical, elongate, MHNM, UNSM: same data as holotype (2
with enlarged apices, with some setae sub- 6); Mexico: Puebla: Chietla. Atencingo,
—
5fi6 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
1.145 m, 30-V-1999, A. Aragon (2 6): Es- parallel, acute apices; and narrow sclero-
tado de Mexico, Ixtapan de la Sal. 29-V- tized supportofaedeaguswithoutapicalre-
1971. A. Bairera (1 6): Mexico: Morelos: duction, separate P. cocbisa from P. barre-
Jojutla. Unidad Morelos. VM988. C. and rana. —
G. Deloya (1 6); Jojutla. 9-VII1-1983. C. Etymology. This new species is dedi-
Deloya (1 6): Zacatepec. Galeana. 28-VI- cated tothe late Dr. Alfredo Barrera(1926-
1983. C. Deloya (5 6): same data except 1980). well known Mexican entomologist,
27-VI-1983 (Id): Acamilpa, Tlaltizapan. ethnobiologist. teacher and promoterofthe
27-VII-1983, C. —Deloya (10 d 2 9). biological sciences, whose publications on
Type locality. Tilapa. Atencingo mu- the taxonomy of Siphonaptera. scientific
nicipality, state of Puebla. Mexico (aprox. collections, natural history museums, ecol-
18°34'N: 98°32'—W). ogy oftropical vegetation, and Mayan eth-
Distribution. Southwestern Puebla, nobotanical nomenclature, are classical ref-
southern MexicoandsoutheasternMorelos. erences.
Mexico (Fig. 12). — Acknowledgments
Biological Data. MalesofP. banenma
were collected at white fluorescent lights We are indebted to Alejandro Perez
nearremnants oftropical deciduousforests, Garcia and Maria Eugenia Di'az (Mexico
that include species of Biirsera, Pseiidos- City)forthe loanordonationofsomespec-
modingiiim. Ampbipterygium. LysiIonia, imensheredescribed. Fieldtripsinthestate
Ceiha, Acacia. Ipowoea, Lemaireocereiis. of Puebla were conduced with the support
Cephalocereus. and Pachycereus (Rze- of project FB626/R024/98. CONABIO,
dowski 1978). suiTounded by sugarcane Mexico-BUAP. This paperis acontribution
plantations, or avocado and mango planta- to the project "'Sistematica y Biologi'a del
tions, at 1.145-1,210 m altitude. Phenolo- genero PbyUopbaga en America Latina"
gy: May(6).June(7).July(13),August{1). partially supportedby InstitutodeEcologia,
Other species ofPbyUopbaga flying at the A.C. Xalapa (account 902-02).
same time and place were P. (Cblaenobia)
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