Two New Species Of Nereis (Polychaeta : Nereididae) From Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico

6 Pages·1998·2.2 MB·

by  Ja De Leon-Gonzalez

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
lll(4):823-828. 1998.
Two new species of Nereis (Polychaeta: Nereididae) from
Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
J. A. de Leon-Gonzalez and V. Diaz-Castaneda
(JAL-G) Division Biologia Marina, Centre de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, S.C.
Apartado Postal 128, La Paz, Baja California Sur, 23000, Mexico;
(VD-C) Departamento de Ecologia Marina, Centro de Investigaciones Cientificas y de Educacion
Superior de Ensenada, Apartado Postal 2732, Ensenada, B.C. 22860 Mexico
—
Abstract. The nereidid fauna of Todos Santos Bay was studied. In this
paper we describe two species of Nereis that are new to science. Nereisfau-
chaldi belongs to the species group with the dorsal ligule expanded in posterior
parapodia, and homogomph falcigers with smooth blades. Nereis imajimai be-
longs to the species group with the dorsal ligule short in posterior parapodia,
and homogomph falcigers with short and dentate blades.
Nereididae is one of the polychaete fam- ited in the Polychaetological Collection of
ilies with a broad distribution. Members of the Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Uni-
this family are found at all latitudes and versidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Mex-
from the intertidal to abyssal depths; how- ico (UANL); others are in the Centro de
ever, they are found more frequently in Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Su-
shelf depths. Terminology of parapodial perior de Ensenada, B.C., Mexico (CI-
structures follows Hutchings & Reid CESE).
(1990).
Baja California, Mexico, is a state with Nereisfauchaldi, new species
two different coasts bordering two different
Fig. la-f
watermasses, the GulfofCalifornia(Cortes
—
Sea) on the eastern side, and the Pacific Material examined. Stn. 26 (1) (Holo-
Ocean on the western side. Nereidid poly- type, UANL 3945), [116°44'N, 31°47'W],
chaetes have been little studied on the Pa- 210 m depth.
—
cific side. Only a few species have been re- Additional material. Western coast of
ported by Hartman (1952, 1963), Treadwell Baja California, Sebastian Vizcaino Bay,
&
(1923), Berkeley Berkeley (1958) and dredge (6 Jul 1989) Stn. F-10, (1) [28°07'N,
Reish (1963). In the present work we de- 115°00'W], 85 m depth (UANL 3946);
scribe two new species of Nereis from To- Shrimp trawl (6 Jul 1989) Stn. 2 (1)
dos Santos Bay, located in the Pacific coast [28°47'N, 114°34'W], 84 m depth (UANL
of Baja California, 100 km south of the 3947).
—
U.S.A.-Mexico border The study is based Description. The holotype is an incom-
on samples from 47 stations collected be- plete specimen, without evident pigmenta-
tween 31°40' to 31°55'N and 116°36' to tion pattern, 12 mm long, 1.5 mm wide in-
116°50'W, carried out by the OA^ Francis- cluding parapodia, with 40 setigers. Prosto-
co de Ulloa from CICESE. mium pentagonal, two digitate frontal an-
The material reported was obtained with tennae, shorter than palps. Eyes large,
a Van Veen grab (0.1 m-), during the cruise anterior pair oval, posterior pair round.
"BAHIA-10-94" off the Ensenada coast in Palps biarticulate, thin, palpostyles conical.
October 1994. Type specimens are depos- Peristomium longer than next two seg-
824 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. I. Nereisfauchaldi, new species: a, anterior end, dorsal view; b, 9th setiger, anterior view; c, 26th
setiger, anterior view; d, 39th setiger, anterior view; e, neuropodial heterogomph falciger of setiger 9; f, noto-
podial homogomph falcigerof setiger 28. Scale bars: a = 1 mm; b-d = 150 (jim; e-f = 15 ixm.
ments, with four short tentacular cirri, lon- cones in 2 oblique rows; III = 14 cones in
gest reaching setiger 3 (Fig. la). oval group; IV = 20 cones in crescent
Pharynx with brown jaws, each with 6 shape; V = 0; VI = 8 cones in circle; VII-
teeth; paragnaths as: I = 2 cones; II = 12 VIII = 70 small cones in 3 rows near oral
VOLUME 111, NUMBER 4 825
aperture, and 7 larger cones in one distal be, 1851. All of these species, except A^.
row. vexillosa, have been found in deep waters.
Parapodia of first two setigers uniramus, These species may be separated into two
thereafter biramous. Anterior notopodia groups: species with dentate homogomph
with dorsal and median ligule distally con- falcigers; and those with smooth homo-
ical, superior lobe rounded. Neuropodium gomph falcigers. Nereisfauchaldi, new spe-
with postsetal lobe short, end mammili- cies, belongs to the second group, together
form, ventral ligule distally rounded. Dorsal with A^. angelensis and N. fossae. These
cirri inserted medially on dorsal ligule; ven- species differ in paragnath arrangement and
tral cirri inserted basally (Fig. lb). Median insertion ofdorsal cirri. The types ofNereis
and posterior parapodia with long dorsal angelensis Fauchald, 1972: holotype
ligules. Median and ventral ligule elongate, (LACM-AHF 1060) and Nereisfossae Fau-
narrow, postsetal lobes expanded distally. chald, 1972: holotype (LACM-AHF 1058),
Dorsal cirri inserted subdistally, ventral cir- paratypes (LACM-AHF 1059) (12 speci-
ri inserted basally, shorter than dorsal cirri mens) were reviewed. Nereisangelensishas
(Fig. Ic, d). the following paragnath arrangement: Area
Anterior notosetae slender homogomph I = 2 in line, II = 17 in 3 irregular rows,
spinigers in supraocular position. Supraci- III = 24 in 4-5 rows, IV - 18-20 in cre-
cular neurosetae similar to notosetae, and a sent shape, V = 0, VI = 3 in line right side,
single heterogomph falciger; infracicular 3 in triangle left side, VII-VIII = 35 in one
setae heterogomph spinigers and falcigers, irregular line; N. fossae has Area I = 2 in
each falciger with long blade and thin, line, II = 15 in 2 rows. III - 28 in oval
moderately long serrations, distal part of shape, IV = 18 in cresent shape, V = 0, VI
blade strongly bent (Fig. le). Median and = 3 in line, VII-VIII = 6 in one irregular
posterior supracicular notosetae homo- line; A^. fauchaldi has Area 1 = 2 cones, II
gomph falcigers, starting in setiger 14; = 12 cones in 2 rows. III == 14 cones in
blade short and distally blunt, without ser- oval group, IV = 20 cones in cresent shape,
rations; shaft with crenulate distal mem- V = 0, VI = 8 cones in group, VII-VIII =
brane (Fig. If). Supracicular neurosetae of 70 small cones in 3 rows near the oral ap-
median parapodia homogomph spinigers erture, and 7 larger cones on one distal row.
and heterogomph falcigers; infracicular se- Nereis angelensis has dorsal cirri inserted
tae heterogomph spinigers. Posterior neu- basally, while A^. fossae has dorsal cirri in-
ropodia each with one heterogomphfalciger serted medially, andA^.fauchaldi has dorsal
in supracicular position; and one hetero- cirri inserted —subdistally.
gomph falciger and spiniger in infracicular Etymology. The species is named after
position. Kristian Fauchald in recognition of his
Pygidium—unknown. valuable contributions to the systematics of
Remarks. Nereis fauchaldi, new spe- the polychaetes—of western Mexico.
cies, belongs to the group of species char- Distribution. Nereisfauchaldi is known
acterized by having posterior parapodia from its type locality, Todos Santos Bay,
with greatly expanded dorsal ligules. This Baja California, Mexico, and from Sebas-
group includes A^. angelensis Fauchald, tian Vizcaino Bay, western Baja California.
1972, A'', anoculis Hartman, 1960, A^. ano-
culopsis Fauchald, 1972, A^. fossae Fau- Nereis imajimai, new species
chald, 1972, A^. heterocirrata Treadwell, Fig. 2a-g
1931, A^. ligulata Hilbig, 1992, A^. nichollsi —
&
Kott, 1951, N. piscesae Blake Hilbig, Material examined. Stn. 1, [116°38'N,
m
1990, A^. profundi Kirkegaard, 1959, A^. 31°50'W], 25 depth, (8 specimens)
sandersi Blake, 1985 and N. vexillosa Gru- (UANL 3948), Stn. 4, [116°39'N,
826 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 2. Nereis imajimai, new species: a, anterior end. dorsal view; b, 10th setiger, anterior view; c, 30th
setiger, anterior view; d, 53rd setiger, anterior view; e, notopodial homogomph falciger of setiger 30; f, neuro-
podial heterogomph falciger in upper infracicularposition ofsetiger 30; g, neuropodial heterogomph falciger in
middle infracicularposition ofsetiger 30. Scale bars: a = 1 mm; b-d = 150 jjim; e = 15 |xm; f-g = 10 jjim.
m m
31°47'W], 20 depth, (3 specimens) depth, (4 specimens) (CICESE), Stn. 22,
(UANL 3951), Stn. 13, [116°40'N, [116°42'N, 31°46'W], 51 m depth, (1 spec-
31°50'W], 24 m depth, (10 specimens) (CI- imen) (CICESE), Stn. 26 (Holotype, UANL
CESE), Stn. 14, [117°40'N, 31°51'W], 19 0000), [116°44'N, 31°47'W], 210 m depth.
VOLUME 111, NUMBER 4 827
—
Additional material. West coast ofBaja Supracicular neurosetae homogomph spi-
California, 4 Sep 1990, stn. H-8, [27°56'N, nigers and one heterogomph falciger; infra-
m
114°54'W], 66 depth (2 specimens) cicular setae heterogomph spinigers.
(UANL 3981).— Pygidium—unknown.
Description. The holotype is an incom- Remarks. Nereis imajimai, new spe-
mm
plete specimen, yellowish in color, 15 cies, belongs to a small group of species
mm
long and 1 wide including setae, with that possesses short dorsal ligules in pos-
54 setigers. Prostomium longer than wide, teriorparapodia, homogomph falcigers with
with pair ofcirriform antennae. Eyes small, short, dentate blades, and no paragnaths on
anterior pair reniform, posterior pair round. Areas I and V. Other species in this group
Biarticulated palps, with conical palpostyles. include A^. apalie Wilson, 1985 and A^. cir-
&
Tentacular ring slightly longer than setiger riseta Hutchings Turvey, 1982, both
1, four pairs of tentacular cirri, longest known from Australia. A^. imajimai differs
reaching posteriorly to setiger 5 (Fig. 2a). from these species in paragnath arrange-
Pharynx with pair of brown jaws, and ment. Nereis apalie has paragnaths only on
with six teeth; paragnaths as: Area 1 = 0, Areas IV = 4 right, 2 left and Area VI =
II = 2 right, 3 left in one row. III = 6 in 1; A^. cirriseta has conical paragnaths ar-
group, IV = 6 right, 9 left in cresent shape, ranged as: II = 7 in 2 oblique rows. III =
V = 0, VI = 3 in triangle, VII-VIII = 55 1 minute cone centrally, IV = 9-10 irreg-
in 3-4 rows. ularly in oblique crescent shape, VI = 5 in
Setigers 1-2 uniramous, biramous there- small oval patch, VII-VIII = 7 in single,
after. Anterior notopodia with dorsal and evenly spaced—transverse row.
median ligules triangular, subequal; neuro- Etymology. The species is named after
podia with postsetal lobes distally digiti- Minoru Imajima in recognition of his valu-
form, ventral ligules subulate. Dorsal and able contributions on the systematics ofthe
ventral cirri inserted basally, similar in Nereididae. —
length (Fig. 2b). Median andposteriorpara- Type locality. Todos Santos Bay, Stn.
m
podia with dorsal and median ligules thin, 26 [116°44'N, —31°47'W], 210 depth.
triangular in shape, dorsal ones longer. Dor- Distribution. Nereis imajimai is known
sal cirri longer than ventral cirri (Fig. 2c, from Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja
d). California, Mexico and the west coast of
Anterior parapodia with supracicular no- Baja California.
tosetae slender homogomph spinigers. Su-
pracicular neurosetae heterogomph falci- Acknowledgments
gers with long finely serrated blades, and We wish to express our most sincere
homogomph spinigers; infracicular neuro-
gratitude to Dr. Sergio Salazar-Vallejo for
setae slender heterogomph spinigers and
his comments and suggestions on an early
falcigers, falcigers similar to supracicular version of this work. Two anonymous re-
ones. Middle notopodia with homogomph
viewers made useful comments to improve
falcigers, with short blade and four coarse
the manuscript.
teeth along edge, crenulate membrane along
distal margin of shafts (Fig. 2e); supraci-
Literature Cited
cular neurosetae homogomph spinigers, in-
fracicular neurosetae heterogomph falcigers Berkeley, E., & C. Berkeley. 1958. Some notes on a
with long blades and fine serrations, similar collection of Polychaeta—from northeast Pacific
to those of anterior parapodia (Fig. 2f), and south of Latitude 32°N. Canadian Journal of
Zoology 36:399-407.
heterogomph falcigers with short blades
Blake, J. A. 1985. Polychaeta from the vicinity of
(Fig. 2g). Posteriorparapodia each with no- deep-sea geothermal vents in the eastern Pacif-
topodial supracicular homogomph falciger. ic. \: Euphrosinidae,Phyllodocidae,Hesionidae,
— —
828 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
—
Nereididae, Glyceridae—, Dorvilleidae, Orbini- 1901. Proceedings of the Biological Society
idae, and Maldanidae. Bulletin of Biological ofWashington 105(4):709-722.
Society ofWashington 6:67-101. Hutchings, R A., & A. Reid. 1990. The Nereididae
- & B. Hilbig. 1990. Polychaeta from the vi- from Australia. Gymnonereididae sensu Fitz-
cintyofdeepseahydrothermalventsintheeast- hugh, 1987: Australonereis, Ceratocephale,
em Pacific. II. New species and records from Dendronereides, Gymnone—reis,Nicon, Olganer-
the Juande FucaandExplorerRidge system. eis, and Websterinereis. Records of the Aus-
Pacific Science 44(3):219-253. tralian Museum 42(1):69-100.
Fauchald, K. 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids , & S. P Turv—ey. 1982. The Nereididae of
from deep water offwestern Mexico and adja- SouthAustralia. TransactionsoftheRoyalSo-
—
cent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan ciety ofSouth Australia 106:93-144.
Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7:1— Kirkegaard,—J. B. 1959. ThePolychaetaofWesternAf-
575. rica. Atlantide Reports 5:7—117.
Grube, A. E. 1851. Annulaten. In: Reise in den Au- Kott, P. 1951. Nereidae and Eunicidae ofSouth West-
berstenhordenundOsten Sibiriens .VonA.Th. em Australia; also notes on the Ec—ology of
V. Middendorff. Bd. 2, Teil 1, 24 pp., St Pe- Western Australian limestone reefs. Journal
tersburg, (not seen) and Proceedings ofthe Royal Society ofWest-
Hartman, O. 1952. Iphitime and Ceratocephala (Poly- em Australia 35:85-130.
—
chaetous annelids) from California. Bulletin Reish, D. J. 1963. A quantitative study ofthe benthic
oftheSouthernCaliforniaAcademyofSciences polychaetous annelids ofBahiade San Quintin,
—
59:9-20. Baja Califomia. Pacific Naturalist 3:401-436.
. 1960. Systematic account ofsome marine in- Treadwell, A. L. 1923. Polychaetous annelids fi^om
vertebrate animals from the deep basins off LowerCalifornia with descriptions ofnew spe-
— —
southern California. Allan Hancock Pacific cies. American Museum Novitatis 74:1—11.
Expeditions 22:69-216. . 1931. Three new species ofpolychaetous an-
. 1963. Submarine Canyons of Southe—rn Cali- nelids in the colle—ctions of the United States
fornia. 3. Systematics: Polychaetes. Allan National Museum. Proceedings of the United
Hancock Pacific Expeditions 27(3):1-93. States National Museum 80(2):1-5.
Hilbig, B. 1992. New polychaetous annelids of the Wilson, R. S. 1985. Nereis and Platynereis(Polychae-
families Nereididae, Hesionidae, and Nephtyi- ta: Nereididae) from Victo—ria with description
dae from the Santa Maria Basin, California, ofanewspeciesofNereis. Proceedingsofthe
with a redescription of Glycera nana Johnson, Royal Society ofVictoria 97(3):129-138.