Two New Species of Carex sect. Capitellatae (Cyperaceae) from Japan

2008·2.7 MB·English

by  Oda, Jiro

TThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosciee tySociety ffoorr PPllanatnt SSyystsetmaetmicastics
ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax .Geobot. 59 (1) 5/5-66 (200g)
Two New Speciesof CarexsectCmpiteUatae (Cyperaceae)frJoampan

JIRO ODAiand HIDETOSHI NAGAMASu2
JOsaka PrE!IZictur Iaillee'iid eHviagh School ,FletjiideFu -Osshaih,a 583-O03Z 217te ICL,o tUohiversit y
.1irpany .･Witseum,
lk)?ot o606-850J, JZipan
Cti,ex ruragis J .Oda & Nagam. and C kkzyaens Ji .sOda & Nagam. (se c(]tt.ipitellat aaree) describe fdrom
Japan as new to science. These species are simi1ar to C capitlacea Boott ,but C rttralis is distin fcrtom
C capillacea in having fewer (4-8 p)istill aftieower sl,eave snarrower (O,5- Omm.8 wide) and involute
to trigonous ,andperigynia laekin gglandular dots .Caiex ko.vaens iis sdistin fcrtom C c`rpitlacea in hav-
ing rhizomes long creeping, oulms shorter (1O-2 c0m long) l,eave rsecurvect and perigynia weakly nerved
and without glandula rdots .Both species are also distin fcrtom C. capillacea in the achene micromor-
phology .The cellulose antic]inal walls of C. capiliacea are exserted beyond the silica deposit sw,hile
those of C, ruratis and C, kayaensi sare entirely covered by thc silica deposits .The satellite bodie sof
Ctife rxurutis and C kqyaensi asre smaller and fewe rthan these ofC cupitlacea. Moreover C kqyaensis
often has a honeycombed anticlinal wal1. A key to the Japanes especies of Canex sect. CZipitella tiase
provided.
Key words: achene morpholegM Carex ,Caiex sect. CZipiteUat aCey,peraceae ,Japan ,new species
Carex sect. Capitellatae Meinsh. is one of the spikes 5-10 mm long, and perigynia yellowish
unispicate groups in the genus and is characterized green, distinct nleryved and 2.5-4 mm long (Ohw{
by the densel yflowere dovoid spikes, ovoid perigy- 1936) ,The two new species proposed in this paper
nia, and somewhat soft culms and leaves are both clearly related to C, cupillacea, sharing
(Meinshau s1e90n1). This section is divers ein characteristics such as the smooth culms and irreg-
eastern Asia, and has been treate das a sectien com- ularly trigonous to tetragonous ,pistilla tsecales
prising about six species and three varieties with obtuse apex, and ovoid perigynia with distinct
(KUkenth1a9l09).InJapan
six species and one nerves.
variety have been recognized since Ohwi (193 6bu)t,
C Tak.Shimizu Materials Methods
semihyaloft'ucta was recently added and
to this section (Shimi 2z0u05).
In section dapitetlata et,hwu cupillacea Boott We exarnined specimens of Ctipe sxect. thpitellatae
has the wiclest distributi eoxtne,nding to the Kuriles deposite idn HYO, KPM, KYO, OSA and SHO.
in the east, Saklial itno the north, the Himalaya to The longes tculm on each herbarium sheet
the west and to New Zealand to the south (Egorovawas measured using a ruler, Leafwidth was deter-
1999) .This species is distinguish efdrom other mined at the widest part of the widest leaf on each
species of sect. Capitellatae by smooth culms, herbarium sheet using a ligh tmicroscope, The
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56 Acta　Phvtotax，　Geobot． Vc）L　59
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一
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number ofpistillate fiower pser spike was counted 7hminaga 1300 (hol oKY-O; iso -KPM, OSA, TI),
ft'o mthe infiorescen wcieth the most fiower son Perennial herbs ,Rhizomes abbreviated. Culms fili-
each herbariu msheet; the result was corrected by
adding the number of scars of falle pnistill aftieow- fgbrromo,v eidr rwheegnul adrrl Myt rsimgooontohu,s 2t0o -t3e0t r(aguon4o8u sc),m olfotenng,
ers.
O.4'O. 6mm in diam. Leaves shorter than culms at
For leaf anatomy, livin gmaterials obtained in anthesis, as tall as culms later o;uter leave sinvolute
tshhie, fNiaerla d oPrr ceufl itweirveat euds eid,n t hLe egaavreds ewen rein Kcuats hati bthae- tnoou st,ri gOo,n4o-uOs .,O 7m.m5- Owi.d e8m;m b waisdea; ls hieartmhse rlleiagvhe tbs rtroiwgno.-
middle of the blade using a razer blade and cross fi2 )soiliktaerM terminal, ovate, 4-6 mm long ,upper
sie{ctliuonsst rweartee do.bserved with a ligh tmicroscope and part staminate 2-3-fiowered lower part pistillate
mpi es ,r i Fgacoyhrne nmi eaisancdrom soworeaprkheeodlo gry efmbovre3d o ro f6 f7tr1hoOe mha rcths heinee n dac ieestposildyeescri-sted 4alp-oe6xn g( . orbStmuts8ea,)me- rnbfusrsi tey3e w. nwSb,lePraiorsmwetinidn, la,ciata dsetuc caeselcuelassi,.e s3na" r 1r1oo.v.wa6l5tye- ,1. o8l avpmaoemtnxe,g;
(concentrated ebtuse, nisty caducous, mm
sdorliutd ie1o n: 9 vfv), then ri nssule fdiunr aicc eatciic da c: ida cfeotir c1 Oa nmhiyn-, lowermo sstcale often shortly aristate , Pt)rigynia
and placed in a bath type ultrasonic cleaner for 3e oveia trbiigodneonust,a tger2,a,d2u"a2l,l 8tyaperlionng gt,o1 s.h1or-t1 .b3eak
min with 70% ethanol to remove the cuticle and wsilidgeh;tl yne rves dist inc ton ada xmimal surfac e but 'i nmcmon-
osouatker wpaser iemcplloiyn edwaallls f oofr tohbese rveaptiidoenrmis. ef tThher eouet ehrr Ssptiieugoumsas o3n. abAacxihalen esusr faocveg;id ,gl atrnidguonloa udrso,t s taibsgehnttl.y
pofer diicslsiro ilwaaulltli oernA cf,etlelurl oasier-d raynitnigc.lin atlh ew aalclJh eEansOe Lsred wJideFnreCe- wmraatpupreidty, b1y. p3e-r1i.g 6mymni ulm ol,nigg. h Ebtpriodwenr,m daalt ck eb]rlso wwnit hat
sputter-coated with platinum using a silica central body and truncat eapex; small satellite
1600 Auto Fine Coate4 and examined using a jEOL bodie s0- 1O (-17 o)n ,concave platfor mwi,th slight-
JriSaMl-s w6e0r6e0 ssecalnencitnegd beyl eccotnrseind meiricnrgos tchoepier ,gTehoeg rmaatpe-hi- ly undulate anticlina lwalls. Anticlina lwalls entire-
KcsaaYltOe ,ldlii tseS tHbOroid biauensdt i w aoOVsnSb.Au ccoh u(entr[ed fspae cbfi1rm!)eo n.ersn T1h2e m a1rneu5m bkecreellpst oiifnn lA yi cco hvjeDirtie,Mdsiitpera ,iwnibSetuhhs tni eiasgmoiean l.i.,Jkcaa y pdSoaeantpt, oooeOsn,ysidcatam.mikcaa:-,hH ay}roIigosonus hg(uen (oNGva.ir)afu,
anct
the middle part ofthe achene surface ofeach sam- Prefs,)(Fi6g),
ple(Tabl1e).[Ibrminologfyo11ow'Rsettig(1990),

Egorova(1999) Liu& Lin(1999). Hbbitat. Poor marshy soils, often with Pintts
and densij7br aat; lower elevations of hill sand moun-
tains.
Results discussion
and
Other specimens examined, Gifu Pre£: Hesokute,
Carex ruratis J. Oda &Nagam., sp. nov, (Fig s1,, Hiyoshi-cho, Mizunami-shi, alt, 400 m, 17 V 1975, G,
5BuD,6,[fablle) thtrat aet al. 327 (K.YO N)e;noue-kogen ,Ena-$hi a,lt .850
m, 2 VI 1996, SL 7isugar "et aL 23560 (KYO, OSA);
Specie snova athnis Caric icapillaceae Boott, sed foliisalong a small stream, Kakishit aK,ani-sh ia,lt .1 50 m, 2 VI
l996,G.A41irci&taS.7lst{gt2i3n)t-93(KYO)F;unagado,
angustioribus, spicis pauciflor iest, utriculis sine glan-
dulis differt. Matsukura-cli Ioh,lcay'almlae-lsjh iaimli,t. -8c9h0o ,m, 20 V 1989 l,l1
fa n o kafmyi-pyua msaJ,,ap aalnt ,. S3h5i0 gma, J }2r4£ eM, aOyt s2u0-0s3h, i X,f oOodt aef & M At,, IKV, iSthgiao s8te 9a3278 (5 K(YKD\)O ,-) A;ichi Pre, TE To:skiu-ksuhdLe -1m0 uIrVa 1,P9r3o0v,,
Mika"ra, a]t. 450 m, 30 V l954, G. Mu,zita 7334 (KYO);
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58 Acta Phytotax .Geobot. Xlo1 .59
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FiG. 1 . Cdrex rumlis J. Oda & Nagam. A: habit .B: basa lsheath. C: culm, cross section. D: outer leafblade ,cross section. E: inner
leafblad eero,ss sectien. F] spike, scales faILe nG.: spike. H: lowennost pistMat escale. I: pistilla stcaelc, J: staminate scale, K:
perigynium ,adaxial view. L: perigynium, abaxial view, M: perigyniu ml,ater alview. N: achene, adaxial view O: achene,
cross seetion, Bar = 5 crn fbr A; 1 cm for B; O,5 mm for C'E; 1 mm for F'M. [fo ooft Tanokami-yama, Shiga Pref, J Odo & A.
7bminaga 1300 CKYO)]
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UrataniMt,.Dandoyama,Prov Mikawa,5 VI 1948,K. Hbsomi J7490(HYO,KYO); Kamaya-Shinden,lmada-

'1"ak{-gun,
7bri i606(KYCY) ;iwmami, Tsi(kude-mur Mai,namishirEua- cho, 24 V l969, S. Hbsomi 8411 (HYO) ;Mt,
gun, 30 V 1955, K. 7bri is.n. (KYO) ;Kamogatani, Saikoji-yar nNaa,kabata-cho N,ishiwaki-sh i1 ,1 V 1997,
Tsukude-mura,Minamishitara-gun3,0V l955,Iilfbrii TKbpm,ashi30388(SHO)M;t,Kasagata-yameqYhchiye-

s.n. (KYO) K;itayama-marsh O,kazaki-sh ia,lt. 150 m, AL cho, Taka-gun 2,6 V 1985, T 1fobayash i2774 (HYO,
Mirosake 24582 (SHO) .-Mie Pre£: Marubashira P,rgv: SHO); tep of Mt. Kasagata-yama to Neuno, 15 V 19g3,
lga, Ayama-gun, 14 V 1961, M Msutsu si.n. (l<IYO);.lhk S.])bni 8z3u255 (KYO) .rNara Prefr near Ninniku-
Nagata ,Ueno-shi ,9 V 1999, K. lhmawaki s.n. (KYO);sen, E ofNara, Nara-shi a,lt. 400 m, 9 VI 1963, K Seto
Aqyamahane, Iga-sh ial,t ,300 m, A. fominqga s.n. (KYO). 12297 <OSA) I;bwaraguchi-ch oI,koma-sh ialt. 350 m, X
ff 'Uedakarnj-mura,
Shiga Pre£ : Okuyama, Minamitani, Odaf731(KYO),
Kurita-gun, 24 V 1921, Z, 7ttshiro s.n.' (KYO); 'Specimens cited by Ohwi <1936 a)s C. cc4)iglaeea.
Kitakomats uto Kurotani ,via Otsu-shi a,lt .600 rn, 29 V
'1l9a8n3o, kGan. iMiu-ryaatrnaa ,44846 (KYO) ;Tashiroguchi ,Mt. Carex keyaensi sJ. Oda & Nagam,, sp. nov (Figs.
alt. 300 m, 31 V 1986, M. ,Kliwashima 2,4A,5E-E 6,Ilibl1e)
36236 (OSA) S;ugiyama ,Shigarak¢iho, alt 3,45 m, 30 IV
-Kyoto
1998, KL Seto 489J8 (OSA) . Pret: Ruri-kei, Specie snova adinis Caric icopiltaceae Boott ,sed rhi-
Nishihonme-mura ,Funai-gun ,18 V i930, G. Kbidez{mi zomatibus longe repentibus, culmis brevior{bu sf,oliis
s,n,"(KYO); LIj iP,rov ,Yhmashiro ,V 1926, L 7bmoncLga molliuseulis et recurvatis, spicis paucifior iest ,utriculis
s.n.* (KYO) K;omonljiri jOa},thara-mLu 'Pqrev :Y.a;nashiro,levit enerrvatis sine glanduli dsi fTert.
15 V 1931, M. 71igawa 354 (KYO) ;Chono-yama to Zltp uTsbp. of Mt. Koya-san, lto-gun, Wakayama
Daidoji V,jitahara-c hTos,uzuki-gun, 5 V 1953, M/ HLsteh Pref. ,Japan ,alt, 830 m, 20 May 2006, X Oda & S.
'fiNIS),
9002 (OSA) Y;Ufun¢ Shinrin-koe Wna,zuka-cho ,Soraku- lhmamoto 1639 (hoto K-YO; iso -KPM, OSA, Tl,
gun, alt. 280 m, 2 VI 2002, S. 7}yuga reet tal. 31 984
(KYO) .-Osaka Pre£: Mt. Kenbi, Nishinose-mura, Peren]] ihaelrbs .Rhizome slong creeping. Cecgms fi1-
Toyono-gun, 3 V 1960, M/ Hirve J3663 (KYO) ;Mt. ifbrm ,trigonous or irregrila rtleytragonous ,smooth,
Kenbisan to Yiimabe ,Nose-cho ,rfoyeno-guR, alt. 520 m, IOm20 cm long ,O.4-O. 6mm in diam. Leaves short-
6 V 1985, e, Marata 45383 (KYO) ,Ku'rondo-enchi, er than culrns at anthesis, as long as culms later;
Katanoshi7,V 1994,S.Amano 184,t(KYO);Hoshida-
outer leave sVZshapea 1.2T1, 8(m2 m)m widie; inncr
Katano-shi, 230 13V 2001,8 Amano
e4n4ch5i5, (KYO),-H yaoltg. oca. Pre fm,.: Mt. N agao-y am a to lcaves niquetrou sO,.8-1. 2mm wide; basa lsheaths

Mukogawa, Kirihat aT,akarazuka-sh ia,lt .300 m, l9 V ligh tbrown, SZ)i skoelitary ,terminate, ovoid 4-6
1995, N. Fuimoka et aL 8903, 89e4 (HYO ,KYO, OSA, mni long ;u'pper part staminate, 2-3-fiowered ;lgwer
SHO); Amagedani, near Najio ,Nishinoiniya-shi ,alt. 300 part pistilla t4e-,6 (-8)-fiow eSrtuemdi.nat escales
m, 5 VI 1971, 1( ZSeto 192PI (OSA> ;Mt. Rokico, alt. narrGwly ovate, apex obtuse, rusty brown, caducous,
gOO m, 5 VI i954, G. Miuata 7167 <KYO) M;t, Rokko, in 1.5-1,8 long.SX'amens3, Pistittate
Settsu1,Vl 1952,M 7bgashi485(KYO)R;okosan-cho, mm scales
brewn,
Nada-ku, Kobe-shi, alt. 770 m, 15 V l993. T KbbLDia,shiovate, apex obtuse, rusty caducous,1.3-1.6
22 792 (SHO) n;ear Tanigami ,Arima-gun ,1 2 V 1935, Z, mm long ;lowermost scale oft.en shortly aristate,
}bshin o747 (KYO) ;Moshi, Sanda-shi 3,e V l9R5, Z ,Ririgynia ovoid to widely ovoia trigenous ,gradu-
Kbbayashi 2842 (HYC )S,HO); Hatta-cho K,itaku ,I<obe- ally taperin gto short beak, beak faint lbyidentat 2e-,
shi, alt. 300 m, 16 V 19S5, Ai .Fuk"ufoeknap od-i iAki e.K,Iirosaki 2.3 mm long ,1.1-l. 3mm wide; nerves mederately
4474,4475(KYO);Nakayama to Ogo-cho,
distinc otn adaxial surfaee, inconspicuo uosn abax-
AK(it1a<-ikiur K,oosba2el4-6ds9h(i S,alHt. O3)0r0;l ma,n i3g VamIi Y1,am9a7d9a, -?cN hnFol,e{Kkiu'otkao -&ku, ial surface; glandula rdots absent, Stigmas 3,

Kobe-shi ,alt. 4SO m, 8 V 1994, S Mijteik e2928 (SHO); Achenes ovoiq uigonous r,ather loesel eynclosed by
Harano, Kita-ku, Kobe-shi, 27 V 1981, 7lrk .S7timizu perigynium, ligh tbrown, dark brown at maturitM
8f423 (SHO) T;V[ tN,adareo-san ,Kita-ku ,Kobe-shi ,alt. 1.2-1. 5mm long .Antj,cli nwaallls of epidermis
450 m, 21 V 1994, Z Kbbcrp;as h2i5684 (HYO ,SHO); entirely covered by silica deposit sE,pidenma lcells
Iwatani-togcY,amada-cho,Kobe-shi,29 V 1977,S,

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60 Acta Phylotax .Geobot. Xlo1 5.9
.I H I
:･k'.'-eD
'
it･
C
fi･}-.-･uz A
B
fi
;
wh

N
J M
FiG. 2. CLire xko.vaens iJs .Odu & Nagam, A: habit B.: culm, eross section. C: outer leafblade c,ross section, D: inner leafblade c,ross
section. E & F: spike. G: staminate scale, H: lewermes tpistilla tsceale, I :pistilla tsceale. J: perigr,niu ml,ater avliew. K:
perigyniu amba,xial yiew, L: pcrigynium ,adaxial view, M: achene N: achene, cross section, Bar = S cm fbr Al O.5 nun for BuD;
1 mm fbr E-M. [to opf Koya-san, Wakayama Prefi J, Oda & S. }'amamoto 1639 (KYO)]
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with central silica body and 2"-8 inconspicuous Saeki-gun 3,0 V 1932, T SZii os.n. (KYO) .rr Ylamaguchi
satellite bodie son concave platfbrm .AnticlinalPreil :Sasagahara ,Akeragi-mura, Abu-gun. K. Oka
18429**,J843i**(KPM).
silica walls often honeycombed.
jk7panesename.Koya-harisug(enov) ' Specimen cited by Ohwi (l936 )as C. capitlacea.
** Specirnen scited by Katsuyam a(1994 a)s ? ･Carex onoei.
Distrihution .Japan, endemic. Centra land
Honshu (FukuiMi,e, Shiga,Hyogo,
western Leaves
Wakayama, Hiroshima ,Tottor iand "lamaguchi The shape of the leave osf the three species dig
Prefs.)(Fig6).
fer from each other. Ctiji enixratis diffe rfsrom the
Habitat, Wet place sby stream}ets, not sub- other two species in leaf cross section. The outer
merged; transition abletween warm and cool tem- leaye sof C. ruralis are involut (eFi g1.D) to trigo-
perat ezone m mountalns, nous and the inne rleaves are trigonous (Fi gI.E),
Notes ,Plantsreported a`s?Caiexonoei' by both inne rand outer leave sare les sthan 1 mm
Katsuyarna (199 4fr)or rYkiimaguchi Prefi are (Jkerex widc (Tab l1e) ,Most of the Quter ieave sof C
kqyaensi (sse sepecimens examined below). copillacea and C. koyaensi asre V-shape din cress
Othe rspecimens examined. Fuku iPref :Kuroko- section and O,8-2 mm wide (Fig s2C., 3C); the
rind oT,suruga-sh i1,e VI 2002, Kl Kada 85064 (KYO). inne rleave sare triquetrou s(Fig s2D., 3D). When
woMie Pref .M:t. Gozaisho ,Aotaki to Kunimi path, the leave sef C capillaeea are les sthan 1 rmn wide,
Komono-cho, Mie-gun, 25 VIT !962, ]VFukuoka 4926
(KYO); near t he tep of Mt. 6oz aisho -d ake S,uzuk a-shi, the lengt hof the culm is les sthan 20 cm, suggesting
alt. ] 150 m, J Ocla 16157 (KYO) .LShiga Pre£: Shiratani that these plant sare growing under poor conditions
to Mt, Mikunl-yama, Niskinosho-mur a',lakashima-gun, (TEi bl)l,e
11 V 1922, G. Kbideumt s.n,* (KYO) .LHyogo Pref: The cross sections ofthe leave sofC im'aen-
MeshS, Sandarsh iI,O VIII 1977, S Hbsemi i7724 C}<YO).sis and C, capiliacea are similar. The leave sof
-TIbttorPirefiAshizu,Chizu,-cho,Yazu-gun, 17V 1972,
A. 7kenah a f255 4 (KYO ) -,Hiroshi ma Pre£: Ohn o- mu!a, the vegetative shoots after anthesis are erect in C,
wh,
tl
----,e'li
･e---'･
'L
l. ,v-･'tS.- -

x.･..?1,
r'1. .,:i D

FiG. 3, Carex capillacea Boott ,A: inflorescen cBe:, perigynium. adaxial view. C: outer lea Ccross sectien, D: inner leag sec-
tion. bar =: 1 mm for A & B; e.5 mm fbr C & D. [Ryogai kDaei,an-cha ,Inabe-gun ,Mie Pref, X Oda 5S7 <KYO)]cress
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cupillacea (Fi g4B), while they are recurved m C lacea as `with resmous dots 'Glandula rdots have
kayaensz (sFi g4A) The leavesofC ko.vaens aires not been found on the pe"gynia of C ruralis and C
sefter than those of C cqpillacea, suppesedly k ovaensts
v
becaus tehe fbrmer has fewer girder sin the meso- Ckine ctapxillacea has (6- 8)- 13 ( -15) pigtillate
phyl l(Fig 2sC-D and 3CrmD) flower sC, rurulis and C kayaensi shave 4-6 (-8)
(Fi g1sF-G, 2E-E 3A, [IUbl 1c) Thig characte"s-
PistiZlateflowens tic is usefu1 fbr distmgu]shm gthe latte trwo species
As showmn Table 1, m Carex capitlacea, 1 1 from C eapdlacea in the field
haye dotsbut2
individuals perrgyma wnh glandular
specimens from Kuzakai and Nepal lack glandular Achenemicromorlphology
dots The specimcns frem Kuzaka] andNepal are Micromorpholog yofthe achene epidermis is a
doubtles rseferable to C captllacea becaus eofthe taxonomically usefu1 character at the sectional and
v-shaped er tnquetrous ledves m,any flower sand specific rank in Ckena x(Toivo &n eTnimonen 1 976,
(bedigcussed Hotshmo1984,Wujek & Menapace 1988,Rettig
achenes with cellulose anticlmal wa]ls
below) The perigyni aof C captllacea do not 1990, Dan & Hoshino 1994, Olgun & Beyazoglu
always have glandular dots (Fi g3B), although 1997, Starr& Ford 2001, Oda et al 2003) The sil-
Boott (1858 )describe dthe pemgyma of C capil- ica bodies ofthe achene epidermis in Ctire cxcrpil-
FIG 4 A CareA koyaensis ,"ith long creepmg rhizomes and reLuryed leaLes [Mt Ko>asan, Wakayama Pref,J Oda cg S
lhmamoto i639 (KYO) ,Lultivdted] B Caiex capillacea, with abbreviated thizomes and erect leave s[Ikyoga pioknde Mle Pref
1 Odd 587 (KYO) ,cultivated]
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mp
k.If,ny..t
}l･1･"a'-:'

gema

FiG.5. Achene epidermis micromorphology. Ai Carex ctrpiltacea, Ebinokogen, 7ink Sh!mi.7 u86257 (KYO) .B: CJ .ruralls,
Nakatsugawa-shi S,. 71yugar uetal, 27714 (KYO) .C: C. ntftilis, Mt. tanokami-yama,X Oda &A, 7bminaga 1300 (KYO) ,D,
C iwalis, Ncnoue-kogen, Nakatsugax'a-sh Ji ,Odo i561 (KYO) ,E: C ko.}･aensi sM,t. Gozaisho-dake,, O1do 1657 (KY℃) .F,
C, kayaens iMst,. Koya-san ,Wakayama Pref, Z Odo & S, iZtmamoto i639 (KYO) .G: C. eapdiacea var. ccrpiltacea, Nepal, AL
1<iirosa eltd aL 8820449 <SHO) .H: C. capiUacea var. sachahnensis. Utonai 'H,okkaido, 71i kShimizu S3479 (KYO) .A and B:
Epidermi wsith persiste ncetllulosc ccll walls after 3 hr soakmg in acetolysis solution. C, D, E, FL G, H: Epidenmls after cellu-
Iose cell walls removed by 6'1O hr soaking in acetolysis solution. Bar = 20 pm,
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lace a C mralis and C kqyaensi asre rather diverse wall in C copillacea; the central bodies were all in
,
(Fi g5., Table 1). contact with the outer periclin waallls in C, ruvalis
The silica platfbr mofthe achene epidermis is and C. kQyaensis,
concave and the edges are thickened in all three Carex capillacea had one to several central
species. The anticlinal walls of C. capiltacea are not bodies whose apices were usual]y truncate, some-
fuII ycovered with silica deposit sso, parts ofthe cel- times rounded, and 13-20 well-developed satellite
lulos eantjclinal wall are observed after soaking bodies were regu]arly arranged along the anticlinal
for three hours in the acetolysis solution, This fea- walls on the concave platfbrr n(Fi g5G,nH, [Ial) 1l)e.
ture was stable not only in specimens from Japan, In C ru,ulis (Fi g5C,-D) and Ct kclyaensi (sFi g5.E-
but also in those from Nepal and Mt. Kinabalu, F), however ,the central body was solitary and well
Malaysi a(Fi g5,A, [labl e1) .The anticlinal walls of develope dwith a truncat eapex; the satellit ebodies
C ruralis and C. kqyaensis are fuIIy covered with were not as well develope don the concave plat-
silica deposit sso that the cellulose anticlinal walls form as in C. cupillacea. It may be only loca lvari-
are not visible and only the outer periclina lwalls ation in the two specimens of C runzlis from Mie
were remeved (Fi g5B., Table 1) ,The cellulose Prefectur eZ, 71suts us.in. and K }kmauJak is,n.
anticlinal walls exserted from the silica deposit that deviate bdy hayin gas many satellite bodie sas in
were 7-l5 pm long and the apex of the central C. cqpillacea (Tab l1e).
bodies were not in contact with the outer periclinal The anticlinal walls of Cl ccrpitlacea and C.
,ioeN
35'N
130'E 135"E
FIG ,6. Distribut miaopn of Cdrex ruralis (dis kan)d C. ko.vaen s(itsriangle).
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