Two new genera and two new species of new world stilt bugs (Heteroptera: Berytidae)

8 Pages·1996·5.3 MB·

by  T J Henry

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
98(3), 1996, pp. 533-540
TWO NEW GENERA AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF NEW WORLD
STILT BUGS (HETEROPTERA: BERYTIDAE)
THOMAS J. HENRY
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture, % National Museum of Natural History, MRC-168, Washington, DC
20560, U.S.A.
Abstract.(cid:8212)The new genera and species Diabolonotus pilosus from Mexico (Chiapas),
and Oedalocanthus ornatus from Belize, Mexico (Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Puebla,
Oaxaca, and Sinaloa), and the United States (Arizona) are described to provide names for
a forthcoming revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Berytidae of the world. An il-
lustration of the dorsal habitus, scanning electron micrographs, and diagnostic information
are provided for each species to help distinguish these taxa from other New World ber-
ytids.
Key Words: Heteroptera, Berytidae, new genera, new species, Diabolonotus pilosus,
Oedalocanthus ornatus, Belize, Mexico, United States
The two new genera and species pre- Diagnosis.(cid:8212)Diabolonotus is most close-
sented in this paper are described to provide ly related to Xenoloma Harris (1943) in
names for a forthcoming revision and phy- sharing a strongly convex pronotum, stout
logenetic analysis of the berytid genera of legs, bowed hind femora, widely spaced
the world. Both genera belong to a group ocelli, and widely explanate basal margin
that previously would have been included of the pronotum having a V-shaped process
in the subfamily Metacanthinae. However, that obscures the scutellum (Fig. 1, 2). It
these two taxa, as well as the majority of differs, however, in the more slender osti-
other Neotropical genera, comprise a mono- olar evaporative area that extends from be-
phyletic group that will be transferred to a tween the meso- and metacoxa to the dorsal
new subfamily and tribe to be described in edge of the mesopleural area (Fig. 4), the
the above-mentioned generic revision. differently shaped metasternum (with ros-
Abbreviations for institutions cited in the tral groove represented only by a dimpled
paper are CNC (Canadian National Collec-
area at the middle), the 2nd abdominal seg-
tion, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario); ment having only a weak indentation on an-
TAM (Texas A&M University, College Sta-
terior edge (both segments with a broad
tion); UNAM (Universidad Nacional Au-
longitudinal groove in Xenoloma), the lack
tonoma Mexico, Mexico D.E) and; USNM
of protuberances on the side of the prono-
(U.S. National Museum of Natural History,
tum, the presence of two long, anteriorly
Washington, D.C.).
directed, hornlike tubercles on the prono-
tum (Figs. 1, 2), and the femora and bases
Diabolonotus Henry, NEw GENUS
of the tibiae with small, setigerous, wartlike
Type species: Diabolonotus pilosus Henry, tubercles (Fig. 3).
new species. Description.(cid:8212)Length 3.20(cid:8212)3.60 mm.
534 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 1. Dorsal habitus of Diabolonotus pilosus.
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 535
Figs. 2-5. Scanning electron micrographs (uncoated) of Diabolonotus pilosus. 2, Head and pronotum, dorsal
aspect (51.5X). 3, Whole specimen, lateral aspect (18.7X). 4, Ostiolar evaporative area (122). 5, Male genital
capsule, caudal aspect (72.5).
Head slightly longer than wide, frons and translucent to hyaline, somewhat subparal-
vertex strongly convex, tylus somewhat lel, apically rounded, constricted at bases.
quadrate in lateral aspect; posterior lobe Ventral surface: procoxae proximate, meso-
much lower than level of anterior lobe, giv- and metacoxae widely separated; mesoster-
ing an almost necklike appearance in lateral num with a wide rostral groove, metaster-
aspect, ocelli widely placed in line with in- num with a dimpled groove at middle; ab-
ner margin of eyes. Rostrum extending to domen impunctate, 2nd segment quadrate,
mesocoxae. Antenna with long pilose setae impressed on anterior margin but without
two or more times longer than segments; distinct rostral groove. Ostiolar evaporative
segment I longest, somewhat thickened, area (Fig. 4) very narrow, extending from
gradually enlarged to apex; segments II and opening between meso- and metacoxae dor-
III most slender, subequal in length; seg- sally to near level of hemelytra, without tu-
ment IV thickest, fusiform. Pronotum bercles, channel appearing only as an indis-
coarsely punctate; anterior lobe with a long, tinct line. Legs (Figs. 1, 3) stout, femora
Stout, apically blunt tubercle or spine on and bases of tibiae with small, setigerous,
each side; posterior lobe strongly convex, wartlike tubercles; femora gradually en-
coarsely punctate, unarmed, lateral carinae larged apically, metafemora weakly bowed;
indistinct, basal edge explanate, each side claws cleft or toothed basally. Genital cap-
with a short spinelike tubercle and middle sule generally rounded, impunctate, caudal
with a V-shaped process (Fig. 2) extending edge of aperture with a stout, dorsally
caudally to obscure scutellum. Hemelytra curved, spinelike tubercle (Fig. 5); para-
536 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
meres oblong oval, with a recurved, acute, each spine swollen; basal margin of poste-
apical process. rior lobe widely explanate, each side of
Etymology.(cid:8212)The generic name is taken base with a short marginal spinelike tuber-
from the Greek (cid:8220)(cid:8216)diabolos,(cid:8217)(cid:8217) meaning devil cle and middle with a V-shaped process.
and (cid:8220)(cid:8216)notum,(cid:8221)(cid:8217) referring to the pronotum or Scutellum: Reduced, with a small globose
dorsum of the thorax, and is used to draw tubercle; difficult to see below explanate
attention to the two, anteriorly directed base of pronotum. Hemelytron: Macropter-
(cid:8220)(cid:8216)devil-like(cid:8217)(cid:8217) horns or blunt spines on the ous; membrane hyaline, corium and clavus
pronotum. The gender is masculine. translucent pale to almost whitish, fuscous
across base bordering pronotum, margin of
Diabolonotus pilosus Henry,
constricted base with several long, erect se-
NEW SPECIES
tae. Ostiolar area: evaporative area whitish
(Figs. 1-5)
(Fig. 4). Ventral surface: Acetabula, sides
Diagnosis.(cid:8212)D. pilosus can be separated of prosternum, and all of mesosternum
from all other New World berytids by the shiny black, middle of prosternum and
generic characters given above. Additional metasternum pale or whitish; abdomen with
characters that distinguish this unusual ber- scattered long simple setae, shiny pale yel-
ytid from all others are the shiny black tho- low to nearly white ventrally (and dorsally),
rax, Ist and 4th antennal segments, and segment II more brown, margined with fus-
femora, contrasting with the pale, almost cous. Legs (Figs. 1, 2): Femora black, with
white, abdomen showing through the hya- numerous small, wartlike setigerous tuber-
line hemelytral membrane (clavus and co- cles, each tubercle with a long erect seta
rium translucent white), and the strongly pi- equal to or longer than femoral diameters;
lose body and appendages. pro- and mesotibiae pale yellowish to
Description.(cid:8212)Holotype male: Length white, with basal % black, metatibiae pale,
3.20 mm. Generally shiny black, with con- black on basal half or more, all tibiae with
trasting pale to whitish hemelytra (Fig. 1). small, wartlike setigerous tubercles on
Head: Length 0.46 mm, width 0.40 mm, black areas, setal lengths 4 or more times
width of vertex 0.28 mm; impunctate, diameter of segments; tarsomeres I and II
brown to yellowish brown, with fuscous pale, tarsomere III and claws black. Femo-
along inner margins of eye on vertex, ral lengths: Pro(cid:8212)0.90 mm, meso(cid:8212)1.04
around antennal bases, and along gular re- mm, meta(cid:8212)1.40 mm. Tibial lengths: Pro(cid:8212)
gion; eyes and ocelli reddish. Rostrum: 1.08 mm, meso(cid:8212)1.24 mm, meta(cid:8212)1.94
Length 0.94 mm, extending to bases of me- mm. Genital capsule (Fig. 5).
socoxae. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.90 Female (n = 4): Length 3.40(cid:8212)3.60 mm.
mm, II, 0.56 mm, III, 0.54 mm, IV, 0.48 Head: Length 0.46(cid:8212)0.48 mm, width 0.42(cid:8212)
mm; segment I black, II yellowish brown, 0.44 mm, vertex 0.30(cid:8212)0.32 mm. Rostrum:
black at base, III, yellowish brown, IV Length 1.04-1.06 mm. Antenna: Segment
black; segments I-III with long, slender se- I, length 0.90(cid:8212)1.02 mm; II, 0.52(cid:8212)0.60 mm;
tae 2 or more times diameter of segments, III, 0.50(cid:8212)0.58 mm; IV, 0.50(cid:8212)0.52 mm. Pro-
setae on segment IV subequal to diameter notum: Length 1.12(cid:8212)1.16 mm, basal width
of segment. Pronotum (Fig. 2): Length 1.06 0.94-0.96 mm. Femoral lengths: Pro(cid:8212)
mm (to base of V), basal width 0.82 mm; 0.90(cid:8212)0.98 mm, meso(cid:8212)1.08(cid:8212)-1.16 mm,
uniformly shiny black, deeply punctate ex- meta(cid:8212)1.50-1.60 mm. Tibial lengths:
cept for median and indistinct lateral carina, Pro(cid:8212)1.02-1.20 mm, meso(cid:8212)1.30-(cid:8212)1.42
anterior and posterior lobes weakly sepa- mm, meta(cid:8212)2.06(cid:8212)2.24 mm.
rated, strongly convex; anterior lobe with a Similar to male in body form and color-
stout, setigerous, apically blunt tubercle or ation.
spine at each front angle, the base around Host.(cid:8212)Unknown.
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 537
Distribution.(cid:8212)Chiapas, Mexico. meson; scutellum with a single, stout, erect,
Etymology.(cid:8212)tThe specific epithet (cid:8220)(cid:8216)pilo- cone-shaped spine (Fig. 6). Hemelytra ma-
sus(cid:8221)(cid:8217) is used to denote the long, fine setae cropterous, slightly constricted at middle
that cover the body and appendages of this and widest on apical %, mostly membra-
species. nous; pattern of veins as in fig. 6. Venter
Type data.(cid:8212)Holotype: ¢, Mexico, Chia- impunctate. Ostiolar area (Fig. 9) lacking
pas, 5 mi. north Nuevo Tenochtitlan, 3000(cid:8217), apparent scent channel; represented only by
7 August 1990, J. C. Schaffner (USNM). a flat, gray to whitish, subquadrate evapo-
Paratypes: 4 2 2, same data as for holotype rative area. Legs long, slender; femora
(3 TAM, 1 USNM). swollen apically; femora and tibiae distinct-
ly banded; claws cleft or toothed basally.
Oedalocanthus Henry, NEW GENUS Genital capsule rounded, impunctate, cau-
dal edge of aperture with a weakly raised
Type species: Oedalocanthus ornatus Hen-
median process (Fig. 10); paramere oblong
ry, new species.
oval with a slender, acute, apical process.
Diagnosis.(cid:8212)Oedalocanthus can be dis- Etymology.(cid:8212)The generic name Oedalo-
tinguished from all other Berytidae by the canthus, derived from the Greek root (cid:8220)(cid:8216)oi-
shape of the pronotum having a narrow an- dema,(cid:8221)(cid:8217) meaning swelling or tumor, and the
terior lobe with five white, ovoid tubercles Latin (cid:8220)canthus,(cid:8217)(cid:8217) meaning edge or border
and two stout, white spines and a strongly (a common generic ending used for berytid
convex, punctate posterior lobe with four names), is used to denote the peculiar
subtriangular, dorsally curved tubercles or white, dorsally curved tubercles or projec-
projections along the posterior margin (Fig. tions along the basal margin of the prono-
6, 8). It is most similar to Phaconotus Har- tum. The gender is masculine.
ris (1943) in size, general body form, band-
Oedalocanthus ornatus Henry,
ing on the legs and antennae, shiny head,
NEw SPECIES
broadly rounded frons, and ostiolar area.
(Figs. 6-10)
Oedalocanthus, in contrast to Phaconotus,
lacks the small, round, white tubercles on Diagnosis.(cid:8212)Oedalocanthus ornatus is
the posterior lobes of the head and prono- distinguished from all other berytids by the
tum. white, rounded and conical tubercles on the
Description.(cid:8212)Length 2.48-3.24 mm. anterior pronotal lobe, basal edge of the
Head (Fig. 7) shiny, smooth, impunctate, posterior pronotal lobe, and scutellum
divided into 2 lobes, anterior lobe with (Figs. 6).
frons and vertex swollen; posterior lobe Description.(cid:8212)Male (n = 10): Length
with 2 widely separated ocelli. Rostrum ex- 2.48(cid:8212)2.92 mm. General coloration yellow-
tending to bases of metacoxae. Antenna ish brown with the head and posterior lobe
long, slender, segment I longest, lengths of of pronotum black. Head (Fig. 7): Length
II and III about subequal, IV shortest, thick- 0.42(cid:8212)0.44 mm, width 0.46(cid:8212)0.48 mm, width
est. Pronotum divided into distinct lobes, of vertex 0.24(cid:8212)0.26 mm; anterior lobe
narrow anterior lobe punctate along anterior shiny black, apex of tylus white, posterior
margin, with 2 short, round tubercles on lobe yellow or orange brown. Rostrum:
each side and a long stout spine on either Length 1.00(cid:8212)1.02 mm, extending to bases
side of small, round, median tubercle (Fig. of metacoxae. Antenna: Yellowish brown,
6, 8); posterior lobe strongly convex, with- segments II-III with wide dark-brown
out lateral carinae, punctate, narrowly ex- bands, segment IV black; segment I length
planate basal margin with 4 upturned, sub- 1.40(cid:8212)1.64 mm, II 0.76(cid:8212)0.80 mm, III 0.78(cid:8212)
triangular tubercles or projections, one at 0.88 mm, IV 0.52-0.54 mm. Pronotum
posterior angle and one on either side of (Figs. 6, 8): Length 0.50(cid:8212)0.54 mm, basal
538 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of Oedalocanthus ornatus.
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 539
Figs. 7-10. Scanning electron micrographs of Oedalocanthus ornatus. 7, Head, lateral aspect (99X). 8, Head
and pronotum (74.5X). 9, Ostiolar evaporative area (246X). 10, Male genital capsule, caudal aspect (364).
width 0.46(cid:8212)0.52 mm, shiny black, tubercles III, 0.88(cid:8212)1.06 mm; IV, 0.60(cid:8212)0.62 mm. Pro-
white. Scutellum: Black, with a relatively notum: Length 0.50(cid:8212)0.68 mm, basal width
slender, erect, conical, white tubercle. He- 0.48-0.64 mm. Femoral lengths: Pro(cid:8212)
melytron: Hyaline, veins mostly yellowish 0.96-1.18 mm; meso(cid:8212)1.06(cid:8212)1.34 mm;
brown, inner margin of costal vein fuscous, meta(cid:8212)1.64-1.96 mm. Tibial lengths:
small area of veins and membrane just pos- Pro(cid:8212)1.12(cid:8212)1.30 mm; meso(cid:8212)1.30(cid:8212)-1.58
terior to apex of scutellum reddish. Ventral
mm; meta(cid:8212)2.34(cid:8212)2.72 mm.
surface: Pro- and mesosternum and genital
Very similar to male in coloration and
capsule black; abdomen brown. Ostiolar
general body structure.
evaporative area (Fig. 9): Grayish or whit-
Host.(cid:8212)Two specimens were collected on
ish). Legs: Whitish to yellowish brown,
Desmodium sp. [Fabaceae]. A series from
femora and tibiae with wide dark brown
Jalisco, Mexico, was collected on a low-
bands. Femoral lengths: Pro(cid:8212)0.84(cid:8212)0.88
growing plant with red flowers (H. Brailov-
mm; meso(cid:8212)0.96(cid:8212)1.02 mm; meta(cid:8212)1.38(cid:8212)
sky, pers. comm.).
1.60 mm. Tibial lengths: Pro(cid:8212)1.02(cid:8212)-1.04
Distribution.(cid:8212)Belize, Mexico (Chiapas,
mm; meso(cid:8212)1.16(cid:8212)1.20 mm; meta(cid:8212)1.92(cid:8212)
2.24 mm. Male genital capsule: Fig. 10. Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Pueb-
Female (n = 10): Length 2.76(cid:8212)3.24 mm. la, and Sinaloa), and the United States (Ar-
Head: Length 0.42-0.48 mm, width 0.40(cid:8212) izona).
0.44 mm, vertex 0.28(cid:8212)0.30 mm. Rostrum: Etymology.(cid:8212)tThe specific epithet orna-
Length 1.14-1.24 mm. Antenna: Segment tus, Latin for handsome or splendid, indi-
I, length 1.64(cid:8212)1.88 mm; II, 0.82(cid:8212)0.98 mm; cates the attractiveness of this berytid(cid:8217)s
540 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
brown-banded appendages and black pro- and J. Apperson (TAM). United States: 1
notum adorned with white tubercles. 2, Arizona, Cochise Co., Rustler(cid:8217)s Park, 10
Type data.(cid:8212)Holotype: male, Mexico, mi. W. Portal, ca. 8000(cid:8217), 3-I[X-1991, E. E.
Jalisco, Melaque, 8-VIII-85, H. Brailovsky Grissell (USNM).
[on low-growing plant with red flowers]
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
(UNAM). Paratypes.(cid:8212)Belize: 1 5, 15 mi.
I thank H. Brailovsky (UNAM), L. A.
W. Belize C., 9 Aug. 1974, D. Engleman
Kelton (retired, CNC), M. D. Schwartz
(USNM). Mexico: 4 66, 3 22, Chiapas,
(CNC), and J. C. Schaffner (TAM) for lend-
Arriaga, 4 Aug. 1969, L. A. Kelton (CNC,
ing specimens of the new taxa described in
USNM); 1 3, 10 mi. W. El Salto, Durango,
this paper. Caroline Herbert (Washington,
Mexico, 9000(cid:8217), 3 Aug. 1964, L. A. Kelton
DC) illustrated the habitus of O. ornatus
(CNC); 2 56, Guerrero, Acapulco, La Pin-
and Kathleen Schmidt (Hillsdale, NY), the
zona, | Oct. 1986, H. Miranda, taken on habitus of D. pilosus. R. C. Froeschner
Desmodium sp. (USNM); 1 ¢, Guerrero, (USNM), R. W. Hodges and A. S. Menke
Iguala, Teucizapan, 6-III-87, E. Barrera (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS,
(UNAM); 11 36, 12 2 2, same data as for USDA, % USNM, Washington, DC), and
holotype (UNAM, USNM); 5 66, 18 2°, A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Pennsylvania Depart-
Puebla, Calipan, 4-XI-1988, R. Barba, E. ment of Agriculture, Harrisburg) kindly re-
Barrera, L. Cervantes (UNAM, USNM); 2 viewed the manuscript.
22, Puebla, Tehuacan, on road to Oaxaca,
LITERATURE CITED
11 Oct. 1979, E. Barrera (UNAM, USNM);
2 22, Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, 9 Sept. 1979, Harris, H. M. 1943. Art. XVI. New Neididae (He-
miptera) from South America, with notes on some
E. Barrera (UNAM); 1 &, Sinaloa, 20 mi.
little-known species. Annals of the Carnegie Mu-
S. E. Rosario, 20 Aug. 1964, H. R. Burke seum 29: 443(cid:8212)450.