Two New Dioryctria from California (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae)

4 Pages·2003·2.2 MB·

by  J. P. Donahue

Vol. 10 No. 1-2 2003 (2005) DONAHUE and NEUNZIG: Two New California Dioryctria 33
HOLARCTIC LEPIDOPTERA, 10(1-2): 33-36 (2005)
TWO NEW DIORYCTRIA FROM CALIFORNIA
(LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE: PHYCITINAE)
JULIAN P. DONAHUEI AND H. H. NEUNZIG2
'Natural History Museum ofLos Angeles County,Los Angeles, California90007-4057, USA
'Dept.ofEntomology, North CarolinaStateUniversity, Raleigh, North Carolina27695-7613, USA
AllSTRACT.-TwonewspeciesofDioryctria inthezjmmerman;grouparedescribed fromCalifornia. Dioryclria westerlalldin.sp.(typelocaLity, PlacerCo.)occurs
intheyellowpineforest plantcommunityofmontaneCalifornia(1600-2286melevation), from theWarnerMts. totheSanJacinto Mts., whereJeffrey pine(Pi/lus
jeffreyi),itspresumedhostplant,occurs.DioryclIya!ordin.sp.(typelocality,KernCo.)occursinthefoothill woodlandplantcommunityonbothsidesoftheCentral
ValleyandintheKernRiverdrainage(442-914melevation),wheregraypine(Pinussabinia/la),itspresumedhostplant,occurs.Adultsandmaleandfemalegenitalia
are illustrated for bothspecies.
KEYWORDS:CentralValley,CoastRanges,Dioryclria!ordin.sp.,Dioryclriaweslerlalldin.sp.,foothillwoodland,habitat,Nearctic,NorthAmerica,Pinaceae,pines,
SanBernardinoMountains,San Jacinto Mountains, Sierra Nevada, TransverseRanges,WarnerMountains, yellow pineforest, USA.
Specimens of two particularly large and distinctive California
Dioryclria have been accumulating in collections for nearly 30
years. Althoughneitherspeciesiscommonlycollected, twopersons,
making repeated collections at single localities, have obtained large
samples consistent enough to permit characterization at this time,
and in order for them to be included in a forthcoming fascicle of
TheMoths ofAmericaNorth ofMexico. Bothnew speciesdescribed
here belong to the zimmermani group of Dioryctria; the male and
female genitaliaofboth are very similar to those ofother members
of the zimmermani group, and do not appear to possess any useful
diagnostic features. However, the forewing colorand maculationof
both species, combined with their large size, are excellent features
to use to separate the new species from other members of the
zimmermani group, as well as from all other Dioryctria. Although
some specimens of the two new species may resemble each other,
they are allopatric as far as known: one occurs in Yellow Pine
Forest virtually throughout California, while the other is restricted
to Foothill Woodland at lower elevations. The common and
scientific names of plants follow Hickman (1993).
Dioryctria westerlalldi Donahue & Neunzig, sp, n.
(Fig. I, 3-5)
Type locality: Ward Creek, 2 mi. S of Tahoe City, Sierra Nevada Range,
Placer Co., California, elev. 6,250 ft. [1905m] [635 Twin Peaks Drive,
TahoeCity. about 800m west ofLake Tahoe].
Diagnosis.- Dioryclria wesrerlalldi has a forewing length that averages
about 15.5mm.Theinnerhalfofthemedian areaoftheforewing is mostly
blackand brownish-red and the outer halfofthe median area is a strongly
contrastingwhite;thereis adistinctpatchofreddish-brown scalesdistadof
postmedial line.
Description.-Forewinglength: 13.5-18.5mm.Head:fronsandvertexwhite,
washedwithpalereddish-brownandwithdarkbrownpatch neareye;labial
palpus clothed with mixture of white and dark brown to black scales;
maxillary palpus simple, same color as labial palpus. Thorax: collar and
dorsum white washed with pale reddish-brown, with a few dark brown to
blackscales. Forewillg: basewhitewithblackandbrownish-redpatch,and
darkbrown toblack,indistincttodistinctstreakatcosta;subbasalareawith
large patch of intense brownish-red; antemedial line narrow (except near
costa), bordered proximallyand distally by blackscales(theseblackscales
forming broad costal patch basad of antemedial line); medial area with
scatteredblackscalesalongcostaandsubcosta,andwithlarge,mostlyblack
patchbelowsubcostalareanearantemedial line(thispatch with somepale,
whitish scales at inner half adjacent to black scales outlining antemedial
Fig. 1-2. Adults: 1)Dioryctria weslerla/ldisp. n., male holotype. 2) Dioryctria
line);entirepatchfolloweddistallybygroupofpalebrownish-redscalesand
!ordisp.n.,maleparatype(SanLuisObispoCo.,RinconadaTrailhead,2,100ft.,
large group ofmostly white scales; discal spots brownish-white with very
SantaLucia Mts., D. C. Ferguson, 25 Aug 1992,USNM).
34 DONAHUE and NEUNZIG: Two New California Dioryctria HOLARCTIC LEPIDOPTERA
4
Fig. 3-5. Dioryctria westerlandisp. n.: 3)malegenitalia(aedoeagusomitted);4)aedoeagus; 5) female genitalia(ductus bursaeand corpus bursae).
few brownish-red scales; postmedial line white, distinct, edged proximally Paratypes (35 m, 50f, total): all California (counties arranged alphabeti
bythinblackline,anddistallybypatchofblackfollowedbyreddish-brown cally): Alpine Co.: [Sierra Nevada Range], Woodfords, 5,800ft. [1768m],
scales; outer halfof terminal area with contrasting group of white scales; 27 Aug 1973, R. Ford, (I fl, LACM. Kern Co.: [Transverse Ranges], Mt.
raised patches of scales at base, subbasally, following antemedial line, at Pinos H[igh]w[a)y, 7,480ft. [2280m), 10Aug 1996, Kelly Richers, (I m),
discal spots andpostmedially(patch atbasesmall, andpostmediallygroup KMR. Modoc Co.: [WarnerMts.],6mi. NWCedarville, 8Sep 1963,W R.
veryweaklyformed). Hindwing: brownish-white.Malegenitalia(Fig. 3-4): Bauer, 1. S. Buckett, genitalia slides 1829 HHN, 4498 HHN, (2 fl, UCD.
with uncusconstrictedatbase; valvawithdistal partofcostaproducedinto Mono Co.: Holiday Campgr[oun)d., 1mi. W Hwy. 395, [0.5 mi. STom's
aslenderhook, andwithasmallspine-likedistalelementfrom lower,outer Place, elev. 7,500 ft. (2286m)], J. Emmel, O. Shields, 4 Aug 1965 (I fl,
angle; vesica with large, solitary spine and clusters of smaller spines. LACM. PlacerCo.: Samelocationandcollectorasholotype: 1966:13Aug;
Female genitalia (Fig. 5): with sclerotized partofductus bursae distinctly 1974: 22Jul, 31 Jul, 2Aug, 3Aug, 12Aug, 16Aug; 1976:26Jul, 28 Aug;
longer than corpus bursae; ductus bursae sinuate in dorsoventral plane 1977: 31 Jul, 19Aug, 20 Aug; 1978: 31 Jul; 2Aug, 9Aug; 1980: II Aug,
(waved); pair of spine clusters at junction of ductus bursae and corpus I Sep; 1981: 24 Jul, 7 Aug, 10 Aug, 11 Aug, 21 Aug, 23 Aug; 1982: 9
bursae, and additional groups ofspines in posterior halfofcorpus bursae. Aug,21 Aug,22Aug,23 Aug,24Aug; 1984:24Jul, I Aug,5Aug,8Aug,
Immature stages and larval host(s).- Unknown, but see below for 10Aug, 15Aug; 1985: 10Jul, 15Jul, 20Jul, 19Aug; 1986: 31 Jul, 6Aug,
discussion ofsuspected hostplant. 7Aug,2Sep; 1987: 19Aug,23 Aug, 30Aug,2Sep; 1988: I Aug, 18Aug,
Material Examined.-Holotype: male, California, [Sierra Nevada Range], 23 Aug, 29 Aug, 4Sep, 5 Sep, 6 Sep; 1990: 15 Aug, genitalia slides 4914
Placer Co., Ward Creek, 2 mi. S Tahoe City, 6,250 ft. [1905m], Nils HHN,4915 HHN,(23 m,41 fl, LACM.Samelocationasholotype: 20 Aug
Westerland, 1 Aug 1987. Holotype deposited with the Natural History 1980, J. Powell, (I fl, UCB. Kaspian Rec[reation]. Area, 4 mi. S Tahoe
Museum ofLos Angeles County (LACM), Los Angeles, California. City, [elev. ca. 6,250ft. (l905m],5Aug 1980,D L Wagner, (I m), UCB.
Vol. 10 No. 1-2 2003 (2005) DONAHUE and NEUNZIG: Two New California Dioryaria 35
8
,
I
I
\
\
7
Fig.6-8.Dioryctriajordisp.n.: 6)malegenitalia(aedoeagusomitted);7)aedoeagus;8)femalegenitalia(ductusbursae,corpusbursaeandpartofductusseminalis).
Plumas Co.: [Sierra Nevada Range], Johnsville [elev. ca. 1600m], 7 Aug Remarks.-DioryctriawesterlandiresemblesDioryctriaalbovittella
1967, 2 Sep 1967, 4 Sep 1967, 9 Jul 1968, 11 Jul 1968, Helena Pini, (Hulst), which also has part of the median area of the forewing
genitalia slides 1828 HHN,-4236 HHN, 4237 HHN, (5 m, 2 I), UCD, whitish, but in D. albovittella this area is not as pale, and there is
NCSU. Johnsville, 3 Sep 1960, W. R. Bauer, J. S. Buckett, (I m), UCD.
little contrast between it and other areas of the wing. Furthermore,
Riverside Co.: [San Jacinto Mts.], 3mi. NAnza, 6,100ft. [I859m], 5Sep
1966,D. F. Hardwick, (I m), CNC. San Bernardino Co. [San Bernardino Dioryctria albovittella is a smaller moth (forewing length J1.0
Mts.]: Upper Santa Ana River, 10 Sep 1948, G. H. and J. L. Sperry, 12.0mm). Dioryctria westetlandi occurs virtually throughout the
genitaliaslide4410 HHN, (l I), CNC. BigBearLake,6,800ft. [2073m],6 entire length of montane California, apparently restricted to the
Aug 1978,Ron Leuschner, (l I), RHL. Hanna Flat, 7,000 ft. [2134m], 3.5 yellow pine forest plant community (also known as mixed-conifer
airkm. NWFawnskin, 19Ju11979,D.L. Wagner,(I m),UCB.Tulare Co.: forest), from theWarnerMountains inthenortheasterncornerofthe
[Sierra NevadaRange], Kennedy M[ea]d[o]w., [elev. ca. 6,200 ft.l1890m],
state through the Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges to the San
[A.S.]Menkeand[L. E.]Stange,31 Aug 1958,genitaliaslides4918HHN,
Jacinto Mountains in southern California. Specimens have been
4919 HHN, (3 m, I I), LACM.
collected at elevations from 5,250-7,500 ft. [1600-2286m] between
Etymology.- We are pleased to name this striking moth in honor of Nils
August Westerland IV (29 Jan 1906-26 May 1995), who collected the 9 Jul and 10Sep, with the preponderance ofcollections in August.
majority of the type series in his back yard. Westerland collected at this The dominant conifers in this zone are generally Pacific ponderosa
localityduringoccasional visits from his home in Salinas, California, until pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.), Jeffrey pine (Pinusjeffreyi Grev. &
heand hiswifeFlorence movedtberepermanently in 1973, afterwhich he Balf.), sugarpine(Pinus lambertianaDouglas), and white fir(Abies
operatedablacklightvirtuallyeveryfrost-free nightoftheyear, collecting
concolor(Gordon& Glend.)Lindley)(Schoenherr, 1992).The most
thousands ofmoths annually until he ceased collecting in 1991. He never
likely larval hostplant for D. westerlandi is one or both ofthe first
maintained a personal collection, choosing instead to donate his entire
annualcatchtotheNatural HistoryMuseumofLosAngelesCounty, which two, closely-related, species, as all members of the zimmermani
has beenconsiderably enriched by his efforts and dedication. group of Dioryctria are associated with pines (Heinrich, J956;
36 DONAHUE and NEUNZIG: Two New California Dioryctria HOLARCTIC LEPIDOPTERA
Mutuura and Munroe, 1969), and sugar pine does not occur in the USNM.Tulare Co.: 6mi. NSpringville, N. forkTuleRiver, elev.ca. 1,800
Warner Mts., where two of the paratypes were collected. The type ft. [549 m], RobertJ. Ford, 6 Aug 1975, 19 Sep 1979, genitaliaslide4916
HHN, (I m, If), LACM, NCSU. "Tul[a]re. [-] K[e]rn Co.," Along Kern
locality is surrounded by a dense conifer forest, with white fir the
R[iver]., 3000 fl. [914m] [= Headquarters Campground, ca. 4 mi. NW
most abundant species and Jeffrey pine next most abundant (JPD,
Kernville], 30 Jun 1973, 15 Sep 1973, R. H. Leuschner Coil., (2 m, 3f),
pers. obs.). There is a single specimen of lodgepole pine (Pinus
RHL.
contorta ssp. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Critchf.) within a 100 ft Additional specimens examilled: excluded from the type series: [San
(30.5m) radius ofthetype locality; in thegeneral vicinity lodgepole GabrielMts.],LosAngelesCo.,Glendora,mouthofDaltonCanyon, II Sep
pine comprises only 1-5% of the total conifer stems. At the 1975,RobertJ. Ford,(Jm,2f),LACM. This locality is on theoppositeside
Kennedy Meadows locality in Tulare Co., although the dominant ofa major mountain range from the other known localities for this moth,
and is far outside the normal distribution ofgray pine, the presumed host.
pine is singleleaf pinyon pine (Pinus monophylla Torrey & Fre
Wemustconcludethatthesespecimensaremislabeledunlesstheoccurrence
mont), Jeffrey pine occurs along the South Fork ofthe Kern River
ofthis moth in the San Gabriel Mts. is confirmed by future collecring.
that flows through this site (JPD, pers. obs.). The circumstantial Etymology.- We name this moth in honor ofRobert James Ford (27 Jun
evidence thus points to Jeffrey pine as being the principal, perhaps 1907-27 Oct 1993), who collected most of the type series. Ford was a
only, hostplant ofD. wester/andi. StationSuperintendentfortheU.S. PostalServiceinSouthGate,California,
and an avid avocational moth and butterfly collector who always had an
Dioryctriafordi Donahue & Neunzig, sp. n. insectnetathandandneverwentcampingwithoutmothcollectinggear. He
began his collecting career in 1942, helping Lloyd M. Martin discover the
(Fig. 2, 6-8)
rich Lepidoptera fauna of Madera Canyon, Arizona. Perhaps his name is
most familiar to lepidopterists, however, by being associated with Papilia
TypeLocality.-WoffordHeights.,LakeIsahella, KernCo.,California,elev.
indrafordi J.A. Comstock & Martin, which he discovered on one of his
ca. 2,700 ft. [823m] [ravine immediately north of212 Mac Hill Drive].
campingtrips. Ford'scollectionisdeposited intheNatural History Museum
Diagnosis.- The forewings of DiOlyClriafordi are pale, with no strongly
of Los Angeles County.
contrastingmaculation,givingthespeciesadistinctive,fadedlook.Strongly
Remarks.- Dioryclria fordi is only known from the foothill
markedspecimensmayresemblepalespecimensoftheallopatricDioryClria
wesler/andi, but D. fordi lacks the reddish-brown coloration distad of the woodland plantcommunity, on bothsidesofthe Central Valley and
postmedial linefound in that species. As with Dioryclria weslerlandi, it is along the Kern River drainage. Adults have been taken on 15 Feb.
a large Dioryclria with an averageforewing length ofabout 15.0mm. (label error?) and between I June and 21 Sept., at elevations from
Description.-Forewinglength: 13.0-18.0mm.Head: fronsandvertexwhite 1,450 ft. (442m) in San Benito Co. in the Coast Ranges to 3,000 ft.
to yellowish or brownish-white, with darkbrown to black patch near eyes
(914m) along the Kern River upstream of the type locality. To the
and medially just anterior of antennae; labial palpus mostly white with
best of our knowledge, gray, or foothill, pine (Pillus sabiniana
scattered dark brown to black scales (some specimens with some dark
Douglas) occurs at all known localities for this species, and at the
brown to blackscalesgrouped into darkpatches): maxillarypalpussimple,
samecoloras labial palpus. Thorax: collarand dorsum whitewashed with type locality it is the only species of native pine (JPD, pers. obs.).
pale reddish-brown and with dark brown to black scales (dark scales We conclude that gray pine is the most likely hostplant for this
abundanton tegula and dorsum). Forewing: mostly white, basewith a few species.
brownish-redscales;subbasalareawithweaklyorganized,obscurepatchof
brownish-red; antemedial line band-like, white, bordered proximally and
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
distally by black scales (these scales forming broad, poorly consolidated
patch basad of antemedial line); medial area white along costa with
We particularly want to recognize the efforts of non-professional
peppering of black scales, scattered brown scales near antemedial line
followed by patch of pale brownish-red scales and large patch of mostly recreational collectors, who obtained the overwhelming majority of
white scales; discal spots white to brownish-white; postmedial line white, specimensofboth new speciesdescribedhere and made them availablefor
weakly outlined in black (black line distad ofpostmedial linefollowed by study. Our thanks to Brian Hanis for aid in the preparation ofspecimens.
indistinct cluster of pale brownish-red scales); raised patches of scales at We thank the following persons and institutionsfor the loan ofspecimens.
base,subbasally,followingantemedialline,atdiscalspots,andpostmedially Abbreviations are those used in the text to denote repositories of type
(patchatbasesmallandpostmedialgroup very weakly formed). Hindwing: material.
brownish-white. Mole genilalia (Fig. 6-7): with uncus constricted at base; CNC Canadian National Collection, Agriculture Canada, Ouawa, Ontario
valva with distal partofcosta produced into aslenderhook, and with small (1. D. Lafonlaine, J.-F. Landry)
spine-likedistalelementfrom lower, outerangle; vesicawith large,solitary KMR KrllY M. Richers, Bakersfield, California
spine and clusters of smaller spines. Female geniralia (Fig. 8): with LACM Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles,
sclerotizedpartofductusbursaedistinctlylongerthancorpusbursae;ductus California
bursae sinuate in dorsoventral plane; pairofspined clusters atjunction of NCSU North CarolinaStateUniversity, Raleigh, North Carolina
RHL Ronald H. Leuschner, Manhattan Beach, California
ductusbursaeandcorpusbursae,andadditionalgroupsofspinesinposterior
UCB University ofCalifornia,Berkeley,California(1. A. Powell)
halfofcorpus bursae.
UCD University ofCalifornia, Davis,California(the late R. O. Schuster)
Immaturestagesandlarvalhas\.-Unknown,butseebelowfordiscussion
USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian institution,
ofsuspected hostplant.
Washington, D.C. (M. A. Solis)
Material Examined.-Holorype: male, California, Kern Co., Wofford Hts.,
LakeIsabella,el.ca.2,700ft. [823m], IJun 1981,RobertJ. Ford. Holotype
LITERATURE CITED
deposited with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
(LACM), Los Angeles, California.
Heinrich, C.
Paratypes(32 m, 34f, total): all California: Kern Co.: Samelocationand
1956. American Moths ofthe Subfamily Phycitinae. Bill/. U. S. Nal. Mus.
collectoras holotype: 1975: IJun, 10Oct; 1976: 15Feb(elToneousdate?),
(Washington), 207:1-581.
24 Jul, 25 Jul, 26 Jul; 1977: 18Jul, 19Jul, 20Ju1; 1979: 8Jul, 24 Aug, 19 Hickman, J. C. (ed.)
Sep,20Sep,21 Sep; 1981: I Jun, 3Jun, 5Jun, 6Jun, genitaliaslides4917 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants ofCalifornia. Berkeley: Univ.
HHN (23 m,29f), LACM. 2mi. ECaliente,elev. 1600ft. [488m], 18May Calif. Pr. 1400pp.
1996, Kelly Richers collector, (2 m), KMR. Kern Canyon R[oa]d., elev. Mutuura, A., E. G. Munroe, and D. A. Ross
2000 ft. [610m], 13 Aug 1988, Kelly Richers collector, (I m), KMR. Sail 1969. AmericanspeciesofDioryclria(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). I. Western
BenilO Co.: [Gabilan Range, Coast Ranges], Pinnacles Nat. Monument, Canadianspeciesofthezimmermanigroup. Can. Enl. (Ottawa), 101:
1,450ft. [442m],D.C. Ferguson,28 Aug 1992,genitaliaslides4884 HHN, 1009-1023.
4885 HHN, (2 m, I f), USNM, NCSU. San Luis Obispo Co.: Santa Lucia Schoenherr, A. A.
Mts., Rinconada Trailhead, 10 mi. [S]E Santa Margarita, 350 17' 30" N, 1992. ANatural Hisrary ofCalifarnia. Calif. Nal. Guides 56. Berkeley:
1200 28' 30" W, 2,100 ft. [640m], D. C. Ferguson, 25 Aug 1992, (I m), Univ. Calif. Pr. 772pp.