Turkish public administration from tradition to the modern age

2008·13.9 MB·English

by  Kapucu, Naim

TURKISH
PUBLIC
From Tradition to the Modern Age
NAiM KAPUCU & HAMiT PALABIYIK
INTERNATIONALSTRATEGIC RESEARCHORGANIZATION
TURKISH PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
From Tradition to the Modern Age
>
Nairn KAPUCU & Hamit PALABIYIK
Ankara
2008
Thls One
W2WX-ZN5-99JU II
USAKPublications :17
EditorforPublicationsinEnglish :HasanSelimOzertem
TurkishPublicAdministration-FromTraditiontotheModernAge
Copyright©USAKDernegi,InternationalStrategicResearchOrganization
AHrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybeusedorreproducedinanymanner
whatsoeverwithoutwrittenpermissionexceptinthecaseofbriefquotationsembodied
incriticalarticlesorreviews.
PublicationofInternationalStrategicResearchOrganization(ISRO)
UuslararastStratejikAra$hrnialarKurumu(USAKYayim)
SusluSok.No:2,Mebusevleri,Tandogan,Ankara,Turkey.
Phone:[phone]
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Web:www.isro.org.tr,
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E-mail:[email protected]
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Firstpublishedin14August2008.
CoverDesign :SadullahHatam
Design :KarincaYayincihk-03124315483
Publication :BirikimMatbaasi-03124303017
ISBN :987-605-4030-01-9
LibraryCataloginginPublicationdata
TurkishPublicAdministration-FromTraditiontotheModemAge/KAPUCU,Nairn;
PALABIYIK,Hamit.
p.cm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1.PublicAdministration,2.Turkey,3.Constitution,4.Government,5.OttomanEmpire
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Toourparents:
Zehure&DursunKapucu
Zulfiye&CevatPalabtytk
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ABOUTTHE AUTHORS
L/r. /vaim Kapucu is a faculty member in trie uepartment or ruulic
AdministrationattheUniversityofCentralFlorida(UCF).Heisalsoamemberof
Scientific Council in InternationalStrategic ResearchOrganization (1SRO). He
receivedhisPh.D.inPublicandInternationalAffairsfromtheGraduateSchoolof
PublicandInternationalAffairsoftheUniversityofPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,in
2003.Priortothat,heearnedaMasterofPublicPolicyandManagementdegree
from H.John III School of Public Policy and Management, Carnegie Mellon
University,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,in1997.Priortothat,heearnedaBachelors
ot ocience in ruDiic Aaministration aegree trom tne uepartment or ruDlic
Administration,FacultyofPoliticalScience,AnkaraUniversity,Ankara,Turkey,
in1992.
Hismainresearch interestsarehomeland security andcrisis management,
public-nonprofit partnerships in emergencies, complex adaptive systems,
dynamic networkanalysis, computational policy analysis, decision-making in
complexenvironment,organizationallearninganddesign,andacademicservice
learning. Hisresearch seeks tounderstand how interorganizational networks,
suchaspublic-nonprofitpartnerships,influencethepublicservicedelivery.In
one of his current projects, he explores the problem of building cooperation
amongpublic and nonprofitorganizations to achieve public service goals in
emergencies and what factors contribute to successful public-nonprofit
partnershipsandfactorsthatinhibittheirdevelopment.
His work has been published in Public Administration Review (PAR),
Administration & Society,JournalofPublicAdministration Theoryandresearch (J-
PART),theAmericanReviewofPublicAdministration(ARPA),PublicAdministration,
InternationalJournalofMassEmergenciesandDisasters,andDisasters:TheJournalof
DisasterStudies, Policy, andManagement. Recent publications include, "Public-
NonprofitPartnershipsforCollectiveActioninDynamicContexts,""Managing
PublicNonprofitPartnershipsinEmergencies:RoleofNonprofitLeadership."He
is a reviewerforthe programcommittee ofthe Publicand Nonprofit (PNP)
DivisionoftheAcademyofManagement.HeisalsoExecutiveCouncilMember,
AmericanSocietyforPublicAdministration(ASPA),SectiononEmergencyand
Crisis Management. He is currently leading the UCF-Orange County Health
DepartmentPartnershipProject.Theprojectishailedasabest-practicemodel
and has significantly increased service capacity for the grassroots agencies
participatingintheproject.HeisarecipientofDirector'sAward,OrangeCounty
HealthDepartment,fortheexcellentserviceprovidedtoenhanceservicestoall
populationsinOrangeCounty.
Heteachespublicpolicyanalysis,organizationtheory,strategicmanagement,
nonprofit management, research design, and analytic techniques for public
administration. He taught at the University of Pittsburgh (PA), Penn State
University (PA),and RobertMorris University (PA)beforecomingtoUCFin
2003.HeisarecipientoftheTeachingFacultyLeadershipAwardfor2004-2005
academicyearandService-LearningFacultyRecognitionAwardfortheacademic
year2006-2007attheUniversityofCentralFlorida.
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Dr. Hamit Palabtyik is a faculty member in the Department of Public
Administration, Biga Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences at
CanakkaleOnsekizMartUniversity.HeisalsoamemberofScientificCouncilin
Environmental Research Center, International Strategic Research Organization
(ISRO).HereceivedhisPh.D.inPublicAdministrationfromtheInstituteofSocial
SciencesofDokuzEyliilUniversity,in2002.Priortothat,heearnedaMasterof
PublicAdministrationdegreefromthePublicAdministrationCityManagement
Program,UniversityofNewHaven,NewHaven,Connecticut,in1996.Hehas
Bachelors degree from the Department of Public Administration, Faculty of
PoliticalScience,AnkaraUniversity,Ankara,Turkey,in1991.
His main research interests are local governments, neighborhood
administrations,localgovernance,civicengagement,environmentalmanagement
andpolicy,urbanenvironmentalproblems,environmentalmanagementinlocal
governments, solid waste management in municipalities, port waste
management. Not in My Back Yard (NIMBY) phenomenon in environmental
issues,andinternationalenvironmentalmanagement.
He was awarded a fullscholarshipfrom the Higher Education Council of
Turkey (YOK) for Masters and Doctorate degrees abroad, January 1994 -
September1996,forthesakeofCanakkaleOnsekizMartUniversity,Department
ofPublicAdministration,concentrationinUrbanandEnvironmentalStudies.He
receivedagrantfromScientificandTechnologicalResearchCouncilofTurkey
(TOBiTAK-BIDEB),PostdoctorateResearchAbroadProgram; Heconductedhis
researchon"VoluntaryParticipationtoLocalPublicServicesinMunicipalities"at
the Department of Public Administration, the University of Central Florida,
Orlando,Florida.HeiscurrentlyleadingtheTUBiTAKfoundedresearchproject
on "Can a Nuclear Power Plant BeConstructed inTurkey? From Conflict to
Agreement:SocialAcceptanceProblemofNuclearEnergyProjectsinTurkeyand
SurveyonPublicRefusalSyndrome."
HisresearchandarticleshavebeenmainlypublishedinPublicAdministration
Annual,AmmcIdaresiDergisi,Qagdas YerelYonetitnler,andTurkIdareDergisi. He
alsopresentedatInternationalSolidWasteAssociation(ISWA),Mediterranean
International Conference on the Mediterranean Coastal Environment
(MEDCOAST), Turkey and Middle East Public Administration Institute
(TODAIE) Conferences, and Silesian University and CanakkaleOnsekiz Mart
UniversityJointInternationalSymposiums.
He teaches public administration, local governments, environmental
managementand policy, intergovernmental relations, participatory democracy
andgovernance,internationalorganizations,andenvironmentalmanagement.
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CONTENTS|vii
CONTENTS
Tables,Figures,andMaps xi
Foreword *v
Introduction xvii
PARTI
TURKEYANDTURKISHPUBLICADMINISTRATIONINAGLQRA1
CONTEXT 21
CHAPTER1
THFCOUNTRYANDTHFPEOPLE 23
CHAPTER1
LOOKINGAHEAD: TURKEY'SEUROPEANUNIONMEMBERSHIP 47
PARTII
ADMINISTRATIVEHISTORY: GQVFRNMFNTSYSTEMINTHE
OTTOMAN FRA 63
CHAPTER1
ARRTFFHISTORYOFTHFOTTOMANSTATF fi5
CHAPTER1
ADMINISTRATESYSTFM INTHFOTTOMANSTATF 75
PARTIII
POLITICALSYSTEMAND PUBLICADMINISTRATION
INTURKEYini.imi'MinuMvm t t « 91
CHAPTER1
POLITICALSYSTFMOFTURKEY 93
CHAPTER2
ADMINISTRATIVESTRUCTUREINTURKEY 105
Copyr
|TURKISHPUBLICADMINISTRATION
PARTIV
LOCALGOVERNMENTADMINISTRATION 125
CHAPTER1
LOCALADMINISTRATIONS 129
CHAPTER1
TYPESOFLOCALGOVERNMENTS 137
CHAPTER3
FOURNGACTNIIOZNAATLIOLNOSCALADMINISTRATIONSANDPUBLICPROFESSIONA1L7Q
PARTy
TURKISH ADMINISTRATIVEREFORMS 185
CHAPTER 1
GLOBALADMINISTRATIVEREFORM MOVEMENTS 187
CHAPTER2
ADMINISTRATIVEREFORMSINTURKEY 193
PARTVI
PUBLICPERSONNELMANAGEMENT 203
CHAPTER1
HISTORYOFPUBLICPERSONNELSYSTEM 205
CHAPTER 1
PUBLICPERSONNELSYSTEM: REFORMS, IMPLICATIONSAND
ATTRIBUTFS 209
PARTVII
PUBLIC FINANCE 229
CHAPTER1
PUBLICFINANCE: REVENUES, EXPENDITURES,ANDAGENCIES 231
CHAPTER2
BUDGETREFORM: PUBLICFINANCEMANAGEMENTANDCONTROLLAW
241
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CONTENTS|ix
References 247
Index 263
Appendices 267
Appendix1
TURKEY-PROVINCES 269
Appendix2
ANOUTLOOK:TURKISHPUBLICADMINISTRATIONSTRUCTURE 271
Appendix3
TURKISHGOVERNMENTS 273
Appendix4
CHRONOLOGYOFTURKEY-FURELATIONS 275
Appendix5
CURRENTSITUATIONINACCESSIONNEGOTIATIONS 287
Appendix6
PURIICADMINISTRATION EDUCATION INTURKEY 289
TABLESFIGURESANDMAPS|xi
TABLES, FIGURES AND MAPS
1. TURKEYANDTURKISHPUBLICADMINISTRATIONIN
V-V-M*ILAI.............................................................21
THECOUNTRYANDTHEPEOPLE 23
Turkey(map) 24
DemographicRates(table) 26
UrbanandRuralPopulation(table) 27
TotalPopulationandDistributionofPopulationbyAgeGroups(table).28
GenderRates(table) 28
LaborForceFigures(table) 30
CoreHealthIndicatorsforTurkey(table) 32
Turkey'sHumanDevelopmentIndex(table) 33
SelectedIndicatorsofHumanPovertyforTurkey(table) 34
MainEconomicIndicators(table) 36
Pipelines-Turkey(map) 37
TheOttomanEmpirein1683(map) 44
LOOKINGAHEAD:TURKEY'SEUROPEANUNIONMEMBERSHIP47
Turkey'sMembershipinInternationalOrganizationsinYears(table)....48
PreliminaryIndicativeListofChapterHeadings(table) 54
2. ADMINISTRATIVEHISTORY:GOVERNMENTSYSTEMINTHE
OTTOMANERA 63
ABRIEFHISTORYOFTHEOTTOMANSTATE 65
ADMINISTRATIVESYSTEMINTHEOTTOMANSTATE 75
3. POLITICALSYSTEMANDPUBLICADMINISTRATIONIN
TURKEY 91
POLITICALSYSTEMOFTURKEY 93
AmendmentstotheConstitution(table) 97
23rdTermTurkishGrandNationalAssemblyResultsandSeats(table).99
TheTurkishGrandNationalAssemblySpecializedCommittees(table).101
ADMINISTRATIVESTRUCTUREINTURKEY 105
WomenElectedinGeneralandLocalElections(table) 110
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