Tumor Invasion and Metastasis PDF
Preview Tumor Invasion and Metastasis
TUMOR INVASION AND META ST ASIS DEVELOPMENTS IN ONCOLOGY 7 Other volumes in this series: 1. F.J. Cleton and J.W.I.M. Simons, eds., Genetic Origins of Tumor Cells ISBN 90-247-2272-1 2. J. Aisner and P. Chang, eds., Cancer Treatment Research ISBN 90-247-2358-2 3. B.W. Ongerboer de Visser, D.A. Bosch and W.M.H. van Woerkom-Eykenboom, eds., Neuro-Oncology: Clinical and Experimental Aspects ISBN 90-247-242 I-X 4. K. Hellmann, P. Hilgatd and S. Eccles, eds., Metastasis: Clinical and Experimental Aspects ISBN 90-247-2424-4 5. H.F. Siegler, ed., Clinical Management of Melanoma ISBN 90-247-2584-4 6. P. Correa, ed., Epidemiology of Cancer of the Digestive Tract ISBN 90-247-2611-5 Series ISBN: 90-247-2338-8 TUMOR INVASION AND METASTASIS edited by L.A. LIOTTA National Cancer institute, Bethesda, Maryland and I.R. HART Frederick Cancer Research Center Frederick, Maryland • 1982 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS THE HAGUE / BOSTON / LONDON Distributors: jor the United States and Canada Kluwer Boston, Inc. 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, MA 02043 USA jor all other countries Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Center P.O.Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht The Netherlands Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data :cJE Main entry under title: Tumor invasion and metastasis. (Developments in oncology; v. 7) I. Metastasis. 2. Cancer cells. 3. Cell interactions. 1. Liotta, L. A. II. Hart, 1. R. (Ian R.) III. Series. [DNLM: 1. Neoplasm metastasis. 2. Neoplasm invasiveness. WI DE998N v. 7 I QZ 202 T9235] RC269.T85 616.99'407 81-18967 AACR2 ISBN-13: 978-94-009-7513-2 e-ISBN -13: 978-94-009-7511-8 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-7511-8 Copyright © 1982 by Martinus Nijhojj Publishers, The Hague. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1982 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any jorm or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Martinus NijhojfPublishers, P.O. Box 566,2501 CN The Hague, The Netherlands. Contents Preface VII Contributors IX Section I - Tumor-Host Interactions in Metastasis 1. The role of animal models in the study of experimental metastasis 1.R.HART 2. Eradication of metastases by tumoricidal macrophages: therapeutic implications 15 1.J. FIDLER 3. The role of natural killer (NK) cells in the control of tumor metastasis 29 N.HANNA 4. Metastasis of xenogeneic and allogeneic tumors in nude mice 43 N.HANNA 5. Cell surface properties of metastatic tumor cells 57 G.L. NICOLSON 6. Metastatic inefficiency 81 L. WEISS 7. Tumor cell chemotaxis 99 J. VARANI and P.A. WARD 8. Antimetastatic concomitant immunity 113 E. GORELIK 9. Immunobiological diversity of metastatic cells 133 E. GORELIK, M. FOGEL, P. DE BAETSELIER, S. KATZAV, M. FELDMAN and S. SEGAL Section II - Models of Tumor Invasion 10. Methods and models for studying tumor invasion 147 G. POSTE 11. In vitro quantitative assay of invasion using human amnion 173 R.G. RUSSO, U. THORGEIRSSON and L.A. LIOTTA 12. Experimental models of lymphatic metastasis 189 1. CARR and J. CARR 13. The use of embryo organ cultures to study invasion in vitro 207 M.M.K. MAREEL 14. Three-dimensional models for the study of invasion and metastasis 231 H. GERSHMAN 15. In vitro assay of invasion using endothelial and smooth muscle cells 251 P.A. JONES 16. The regulation of invasion by a cartilage-derived anti-invasion,factor 267 B.U. PAULI and K.E. KUETTNER Section III - Interaction of Tumor Cells with Connective Tissue 17. Role of cell attachment proteins in defining cell-matrix interactions 291 H.K. KLEINMAN 18. Attachment of metastatic tumor cells to collagen 309 J.C. MURRAY, L.A. LIOTTA and V.P. TERRANOVA 19. Biochemical mechanisms involved in tumor cell penetration of the basement membrane 319 L.A. LIOTTA, s. GARBISA and K. TRYGGVASON 20. Tumor formation and malignant invasion: role of basal lamina 335 D.E. INGBER and J.D. JAMIESON 21. Plasminogen activator in metastasis 359 J. C. BARRETT and S. SHEELA 22. Proteases in tumor invasion and metastasis 375 R.H. GOLDFARB 23. Collagenase immunolocalisation studies of human tumours 391 D.E. WOOLLEY 24. Host-tumor cell interactions and collagenase activity 405 c. BISWAS Section IV - Clinical Topics in Metastases 25. Observations on cancer metastasis in man 427 E.V. SUGARBAKER, D.N. WEINGRAD and J.M. ROSEMAN 26. Newer methods for the diagnosis of occult metastases 467 P.S. DICKMAN and T.J. TRICHE 27. Fine needle aspiration cytology of metastases 495 E.W. CHU and S.E. MARTIN 28. Applications ofimmunoperoxidase staining to studies of human breast disease 511 G.P. SIEGAL and S.H. BARSKY Index 531 Preface The clinical significance of tumor spread has always been appreciated. Yet, in spite of the pioneering work and outstanding contributions of investigators such as D. Coman, H. Green, B. Fisher, S. Wood and I. Zeidman, studies on metastasis rarely achieved the popularity afforded to more esoteric areas of tumor biology. Tumor dissemination, occurring as it does in a responding host and being composed of a series of dynamic int~ractions, is a highly complex phenomenon. Few investigators were brave enough to attempt to unravel the mechanisms involved. Paradoxically, this very complexity may have contributed, in part, to the recent upsurge of interest in metastasis research. More and more researchers are becoming fascinated by the complexities of the cellular interactions involved in tumor spread. Accompanying this intellectual stimulation have been technological advances in related fields which allow the derivation of new model systems. The mechanisms of metastatic spread are increasingly amenable to both the reductionist and holistic approaches and it is the purpose of this volume to present many of these model systems while emphasizing the intricacy and complexity of the processes they mimic. We have attempted to emphasize two topics not previously covered in depth in previous books on metastases. These are in vitro models of invasion and in teractions of tumor cells with connective tissue. We believe that the present contributions capture some of the excitement and drive that presently pervade this area of tumor biology. Any progress toward the successful achievement of the aims of this book is entirely due to the contributors, whereas any failures may be ascribed to the editors. Constraints of space prevent inclusion of much that is undoubtedly important in metastasis research and the contents of this volume reflect, to a large extent, the personal bias of the editors. This book can do no more than give a hint of the directions in which research into the biology of metastasis is moving. Hopefully, these areas are as of much interest to the reader as they are to the editors. L.A. Liotta I.R. Hart Contributors BAETSELIER, P. DE, Dienst Algemene Biologie, Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Belgium. BARRET, J.C., National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, U.S.A. BARSKY, S.H., Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. BISWAS, c., Developmental Biology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, U.S.A. CARR, I. and J., Departments of Pathology and Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OWO Canada. CHU, E.W., Head of Cytopathology, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10, Rm. 2A19, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. DICKMAN, P., Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10, Rm. 2A27, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. FELDMAN, M., The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. FIDLER, I.J., Director, Cancer Metastasis and Treatment Laboratory, Frederick Cancer Research Center, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21701, U.S.A. FOGEL, M., Institut fUr Immunologie und Genetik am Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidel berg, Federal Republic of Germany. GARBISA, S., Institute of Histology and General Embryology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. GERSHMAN, H., Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, 2119 Abington Road 14263, Cleveland, OH 44106, U.S.A. GOLDFARB, R.H., Cancer Metastases Research Group, PfIzer Labs, Central Research, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, U.S.A. GORELIK, E., Laboratory of Immunodiagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. HANNA, N., Cancer Metastasis and Treatment Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Center, P.O. Box B, Bldg. 539, Frederick, MD 21701, U.S.A. HART, I.R., Cancer Metastasis and Treatment Laboratory. National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research Center, P.O. Box B, Bldg. 539, Frederick, MD 21701, U.S.A. INGBER, D.E., Section of Cell Biology, Yale University, School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 3333, New Haven, CT 06510, U.S.A. JAMIESON, J.D., Section of Cell Biology, Yale University, School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 3333, New Haven, CT 06510, U.S.A. JONES, P.A., Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, U.S.A. KATZAV , S., The Weismann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. KLEINMAN, H.K., National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rock ville Pike, Bldg. 30, 4th Floor, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. KUETTNER, K.E., Chairman, Professor of Orthopedics and Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian - St. Luke's Medical Center, 1753 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A. LIOTTA, L.A., Laboratory of Pathophysiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 10, Rm. 5B36, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. MAREEL, M.M.K., Academic Hospital, Clinic for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Experimental Cancerology, De Pintelaan 135, B-900 Ghent, Belgium. MARTIN, S.E. Cytopathology Section, Laboratory ofP athology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. MURRAY, J.C., Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 4RN, Eng land. NICOLSON, G.L., Department of Tumor Biology (108), University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A. PAULI, B.U., Rush Medical College, 1753 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A. POSTE, G., Vice President and Director of Research, Smith, Kline and French Laboratories, 1500 Spring Garden Street, P.O. Box 7929, Philadelphia, PA 19101, U.S.A. ROSEMAN, J.M., 1399 S.W. First Avenue, Miami, FL 33131, U.S.A. RUSSO, R.G" Laboratory of Pathophysiology, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10, 8-19, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. SEGAL, S., The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. SHEELA, S., National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, U.S.A. SIEGAL, G.P., Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minnea polis, MN 55455, U.S.A. SUGARBAKER, E.V., 1399 SW. First Avenue, 200 B, Miami, FL 33131, U.S.A. TERRANOVA, V.P., National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 30, 4th Floor, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. THORGEIRSSON, U., Laboratory of Pathophysiology and Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. TRICHE, TJ., Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10, Rm. 2A27, 9000 Rock ville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. TRYGGVA SON, K., Department of Clinical Chemistry and Medical Biochemistry, University ofOulu, Finland. VARANI, J., Department ofP athology, University of Michigan, School of Medicine, 1335 E. Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A. WARD, P.A., Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, School of Medicine, 1335 E. Ca therine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A. WEINGRAD, D.N., 1399 S.W. First Avenue, Miami, FL. 33131, U.S.A. WEISS, L., Director of Cancer Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm Street, Buffalo, NY 14263, U.S.A. WOOLLEY D.E., University Department of Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester, Nell Lane, West Didsbury, Manchester M20 8LR, England. 1. The role of animal models in the study of experimental metastasis 1 I.R. HART 1. Introduction Metastasis is a dynamic process that occurs in vivo and, therefore, studies of cancer metastasis must logically include data from in vivo experiments and observations. Failure to consider these in vivo data can result in the investigation of irrelevant, albeit fascinating, epiphenomena of in vitro systems. Identification of the tumor cell or host characteristics that are important for metastatic dissemination can only be made when there are strong correlations between possession of, or alterations in, the observed phenotype and changes in the in vivo behavior of that tumor in the appropriate host. All too often investigators have proposed that particular alter ations or modifications in cellular properties are responsible for differences in metastatic behavior without first verifying that the cells under investigation were indeed capable of metastasis [1]. Correlations between various cellular properties and metastatic behavior may be obtained by comparing data to historical clinical observations, as is necessary when cells from autochthonous tumors of man or domestic animals are used in in vitro assays. However, scientists often use a variety of transplantable tumors in labo ratory animals to investigate the process of metastasis. In this chapter, we review some of the salient features of these tumor models and indicate some advantages and limitations. Stedman's Medical Dictionary [2] defines a model as 'A representation of some thing, usually idealized and modified to make it conceptually easier to understand.' Although this modification towards simplicity is an obvious advantage, it may, paradoxically, constitute the greatest disadvantage of a model, since simplicity frequently is obtained only at the expense of clinical relevance. More will be said in the following section regarding the advisability of extrapolating from results de rived from model systems to produce generalizations of apparent clinical signific ance. It is sufficient to state at this point that to restrict the use of models to only those that exactly resemble the clinical situation is to impose precisely those con- 1 Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, DHHS, under Contract No. NOl-CO-75380 with Litton Bionetids, Inc. The contents ofthis publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. L.A. Liotta and I.R. Hart (eds.), Tumor Invasion and Metastasis. ISBN-J3:978-94-009-75J3-2 © 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London.
The list of books you might like
