Table Of Content

TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 BALLROOMB,8:00A.M.TO9:00A.M. Session3aIDa Interdisciplinary:KeynoteLecture KeynoteIntroduction—8:00 InvitedPaper 8:05 3aIDa1.Hearingasanextremesport:Underwaterears,infratoultrasonic,andsurfacetotheabyss.DarleneR.Ketten(Otology andLaryngology,HarvardMed.School,BostonUniv.andHarvardMed.School,Boston,MA6845,[email protected]) Ithasbeenarguedthat“hearing”evolvedinaquaticanimals.AuditoryprecursorsexistinfossilAgnathaandcephalopodstatolithic organs,buthow/when/whydidadedicatedacousticreceptor,thetrueprimordialear,firstappear?Didhearingariselinearlyorindepend- ently,inparallel,inandoutofthewater?Modernaquaticspecieshaveanextraordinaryrangeofauditorysystems,fromsimplepressure receptorstocomplexbiosonarsystems.Whatdrivesthisbreadthof“hearing”?Vertebrateearsreflectselectivepressures.Whilevision, touch,taste,andolfactionareimportant,onlyhearingisubiquitous.Evennaturalmutes,likegoldfishandseaturtles,listen.Earscapture passiveandactivesoundcues.Auditorystructures,honedbyhabitandhabitat,delimitspeciesabilitiestodetect,analyze,andactonsur- vivalcues.Cochleae,fromshrewstobatstowolvestowhales,evolvedfromtheessentialpapillaofstemreptiles,elongating,coiling, increasingincomplexitythatenhancedfrequencydiscrimination,butwithheadstunedtothephysicsofsoundintheirmedia.Air-water parallelsevolved:ultrasonicecholocatorsandmassiveinfrasonicspecialists.Theearthenisawindowintotheevolutionarypush-pull drivenbythreetasksthatshapedtheseveralthousandelementspackedintoeveryauditorysystem:feed,breed,andsurviveanotherday. TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM206,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. Session3aAAa ArchitecturalAcoustics:RetrospectontheWorksofBertramKinzeyI GaryW.Siebein,Cochair SiebeinAssociates,Inc.,625NW60thStreet,SuiteC,Gainesville,FL32607 DavidLubman,Cochair DLAcoustics,14301MiddletownLn.,Westminster,CA92683-4514 Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAAa1.ProfessorBertramY,Kinzey,Jr.,mentor,scholar,practitioner,artist,andcolleague.GaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc., Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607,[email protected]) ProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hadsignificantimpactsontheshapeofarchitecturalacousticstodaythroughhisteaching,profes- sionalpractice,research,andservice.HeinfluencedseveralgenerationsofstudentsatVirginiaTechandtheUniversityofFloridawhere hedevelopedinnovative,laboratory-basedcoursestoteacharchitectsaboutacousticsandotherenvironmentaltechnologysubjects.At Florida,heinitiatedgraduatecourseworktoallowstudentstospecializeinEnvironmentalTechnologyandlaterarchitecturalacoustics 3660 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3660 aspartoftheprofessionalMasterofArchitecturecurriculum,withathesisinacousticsinaddition.Histeachingwasbasedonideas expressedinhislandmarktextbook,EnvironmentalTechnologiesinArchitecturethatwaspublishedasaprimerintheartandscienceof sustainabledesignin1963,over50yearsaheadofitstime.Hisstudentsenteredtheprofessionwithideasofsustainability,integrating serious,graduatelevelresearchintotheirdesignwork,groundedbytheexperiencesthatBertbroughttotheclassroomfromhispractice whereheconsultedonmostofthemajorbuildingsbuiltinFloridafromthe1960suntilhisretirementmanyyearslater.Theacoustical richnessofthebuildingsthatheworkedonsoundsclearlyinallofthecitiesandtownswhereheworked! 9:40 3aAAa2.Contrapuntaldesign:TheinfluenceofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,onarchitecturalpedagogyattheUniversityofFlorida. MartinA.Gold(Architecture,Univ.ofFlorida,231ARCH,Gainesville,FL32611-5702,mgold@ufl.edu) BertramKinzeyintroducedmodesofanalysis,conceptualization,andexploration,asadedicatedandproductiveresearcher,author, teacher,architect,consultant,andmusicianthatweretransformativeandcontinuetoreverberateinternationallythroughtheworkofhis students.Bert’sinsightfultheoreticalandpracticalrelationshipsbetweenmusic,acoustics,andarchitectureweredrawnfromhisreflec- tiveapproachtoteachingandrefinedthroughactivepractice.Perhapsfoundationaltohiseducationalcontribution,ishisinterestandtal- entasanorganistandorganbuilderleadingtohisuseof“contrapuntal”todescribetheinteractionofmusicandarchitecture—new notesoverlappingthoselingeringinthespaceandtimeofreverberance.Overlapping,independent,yetharmonizingelementsmightalso describeBert’sapproachtoarchitecturaldesignasatheoreticalconstruct;anintegrativeprocess;andasameasureofgreatarchitecture. Contrapuntalthinkingiswellknowninliteratureandmusicbutisjustemerginginarchitecture.Bertintroducedthisimportantidea— amongmanyothersattheUniversityofFlorida—throughhiswritingsandtenureasaUFprofessor.ThispaperdiscussesBert’s‘contra- puntalthinking’andthesubsequentinfluenceonarchitecturaleducationthrougharecentgraduatestudioprojectforanewartsparkand concerthallforthecommunityofSarasota,Florida. 10:00 3aAAa3.Alivingexample—Anattitudetowardssustainableliving.WeihwaChiang(VicePresidentOffice,NationalTaiwanUniv. ofSci.andTechnol.,43KeelungRd.Section4,Taipei106,Taiwan,[email protected]) Asustainablebuiltenvironmentaimsforminimizingenvironmentalimpactwhilemaintaininghealthyliving.TheAcousticsand EnvironmentalTechnologyprogramsstartedbyProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,attheUniversityofFloridawereestablishedwith architecturedesignintegrationinmind.TheprogramsandProfessorKinzey’sinfluencewerenotlimitedtothebooksandtheoriesbut alsotothelivesofhisstudents.Hisremarkablework,BaileyHallatBrowardCommunityCollege,theUniversityAuditoriumrenova- M tionatUFandclassroomarevaluablememoriestostudentswhosatinthemdailyfordecades.Hispassivedesignsignaturehousein A Gainesvilleisanotherunforgettableinspirationforstudents.Itwaswherehesuccessfullyappliedsustainabledesignconceptsandtheo- riesinrealityintheearly1960s.Theseareevidenceofhowheinspiresstudentsbyhislifeasasolidpractitioneraswellasamodern E. U “Renaissanceman.”DespitehisretirementfromUF,hisinfluencehasbeenpassingonandspreadaroundtheworldcontinually.His T pass-throughguidancehasbeenfollowedinteaching,research,designandplanningprojectswithaholisticapproach.Itnotonlyperuses a 3 technicalexcellencewiththoughtfulsocial-economicconcernsbutheavilyrelieson“Kinzeian”humanityandattitudeforsustainable livingandarchitecture. 10:20 3aAAa4.Theshapeofsound.HyunPaekandGaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc.,Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607, [email protected]) TheworkofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hasinfluencedgenerationsofarchitecturestudentsandacousticianstovisualizethesoundsthat becometheacousticsignatureofaperformanceorrehearsalspace.Hisresearchandpracticehasshapedspaceswehearandlistenin. Throughtheshapingofspace,musicandspeechareenhancedandoptimizedbytheadditionofeachcurve,angle,planes,thatbecome theuniquecharacterofthespace.Thesoundscreatedonstagesoftheaters,concerthalls,worshipplatforms,orlecternsarereflected, directed,andpropagatedtoenhancetheexperienceofthelistener.Strivingtoachievetheperfectimpulseresponse,wehavelearned fromBertramKinzeythattheacoustician’sworkisnotunliketheworkofasculptor,aninteriordesigner,oranarchitect.Eachsurface andeachtextureonthesurfacehasapurposeandameaningtoitsexistence. 10:40–11:00Break 11:00 3aAAa5.BertKinzey,teacher,andcollaboratorindesign.WilliamW.Brame(606NEFirstSt.,Gainesville,FL32601,b.brame@ brameheck.com) Asbothhisstudentandhisclient,IhaveknownBertKinzeysince1971.In1973IstartedmycareerinGainesville,andrecentlyretiredas theseniorpartnerofthe106yearoldfirmknownasBrameHeckArchitects,Inc.Frommyearliestdaysupuntil2004whenBertmovedaway toVirginia,IhadthepleasureofretainingBerttoserveasourarchitecturalacousticsconsultantonawidevarietyofprojects.Theseprojects includedmusicroomsforeducationalfacilities,conferencecenters,worshipcenters,andmulti-purposefacilitiesthatrequiredexcellentacous- ticsregardlessofwhatwastakingplaceinthespace.Evertheteacher,hewouldexplainhisrecommendationsandsolutionstoeachsituation insuchawaythatI(andourclients)understoodboththeacousticaltheoryandtheresultingphysicalmanifestationsthatwerebeingincorpo- ratedintothefacility.WewouldroutinelyseekBert’sexpertiseforassuringthatournewfacilitieswereproperlydesignedtoisolatemechani- calorenvironmentalsounds.And,ifaclienthadanexistingfacilitythatneededtoremedysuchnoises,hewouldperformfieldtestingand explorevariousoptionstosolvethoseproblems.Bertisatruegentlemanandmasterofhisprofession. 3661 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3661 11:20 3aAAa6.StudyingwithProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,intheUniversityofFlorida,SchoolofArchitectureEnvironmental TechnologiesOptionanditsimpactonmyprofessionalcareer.BrunoE.Ramos(BEAArchitectsInc.,3075NWSouthRiverDr., Miami,FL33142,[email protected]) ProfessorKinzeywasinstrumentalinthecareersofmanyprofessionals.Hechallengedstudentsdaily,pushedustothink“outside thebox”andconsideredtheintegrationofsustainabledesignprinciplesinbuildingslongbeforeLEEDeverexisted.Irecallhimsaying “theoldtestsareinthelibrary,youmaygoandreviewthem...asit’smyjobtotestyourknowledgeindifferentways.”Heencouraged hisstudentstogaintheknowledgeandexperiencetoderivetheanswers.Thescalemodelswebuilttomeasureandstudyacousticsand lightingwithinspacesalsoinfluencedmyprofessionalcareer.Weappliedthosesameconceptsinmarinearchitectureusinga“Kinzey type”solutionbybuildingascalemodeltodeterminetherequirementsandforceneededtohaulalargebargeoutofshallowwater. Lastly,IampersonallygratefultoProfessorKinzeyforstimulatingthepursuitofexcellenceinhisstudentswhichhelpedmetopassthe A.R.E.andLEEDlicensing,ataveryyoungage,inmyfirstattempt.ProfessorKinzeyhashadalifetimeofsignificantworkinAcous- ticsandhasinfluencedthousandsofstudentsinaprofoundmanner. 11:40 3aAAa7.AnappreciationoftheeducationalachievementsofBertKinzey.EdwardG.Clautice(GlobalBuildings,JacobsEng.,1100 NorthGlebeRd.,Arlington,VA22201,[email protected]) TheaimofthispaperistodescribetheachievementsofBertramKinzeyinthefieldofacousticswithinarchitecturaleducation.Bert Kinzey’sabilitytobridgeengineeringandarchitectureisofparticularnotetothepersonalexperienceoftheauthor.WithBert’spersonal effortsthattheUniversityofFloridawasabletobeginacceptingstudentsintotheprogramwhodidnothaveatraditionalundergraduate degreeinarchitecture.AsthefirststudenttomatriculateintotheGraduateSchoolofArchitectureattheUniversityofFloridafromthis categorytheauthorowesagreatdealofhispersonalcareertoBertKinzey.BertleadtheEnvironmentalTechnologiesoptionatthe School,whichbroughttheartofmusic,theartofarchitectureandtheengineeringofappliedtechnologyintoacombinationwhichhas enrichedtheprofession(*).ThestudyofconcerthallarchitectureandacousticshasbenefitedgreatlyfromBert’sleadershipwhereacous- ticalmodelingandauralizationcanstandbesidetraditionalvisualtechniquesinthefieldofarchitecturalmodeling. 12:00 3aAAa8.Spreadingacousticstoarchitectureprograms.SangBumPark(SchoolofArchitectureandEng.Technol.,FloridaAandM Univ.,1938SouthMartinLutherKingJr.Blvd.,Tallahassee,FL32307,[email protected]) EnvironmentalTechnologyisoneoftheimportantcorecoursesinanarchitectureprogram.Itprovidesarchitecturalstudentswith basicphysicalprinciplesinthermodynamics,acoustics,lighting,andindoorairqualityandarchitecturaldesignfactorsthataffectthose environmentalqualities.Thiscourseistheonlychannelforthearchitecturalstudentstobeexposedtoacousticaleducationandresearch, unlesstherearemaster’sdegreeprogramsassociatedwithacousticsattheschool.ProfessorBertramKinzey,Jr.,wasthefirstonewho plannedandstartedtheenvironmentaltechnologyandarchitecturalacousticsprogramintheSchoolofArchitectureatUF.Sincethen, UFhasbeencontributingasaproducerofacousticaleducatorsandresearchers.TheauthortaughtdiscussionsessionsofEnvironmental Technology asa graduateteachingassistant between2008and2012at UF, whilehe conductedacoustical researchfor hisdoctoral degree.HeisnowspreadingtheacousticaleducationtotheSchoolofArchitectureandEngineeringTechnologyatFAMUwhereprevi- ouslytherewasnofacultyoracousticalresearcherswithacousticalbackgroundsthroughcoursessuchasEnvironmentalSystemsin ArchitectureandArchitecturalAcoustics.Healsoprovidesthedesignstudioswithacousticalworkshopsandhelpsthesisstudentswhose designpriorityliesinenvironmentallysustainablebuildings. 3662 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3662 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM208,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON Session3aAAb ArchitecturalAcoustics:RoomAcousticsDesignforImprovedBehavior,Comfort,andPerformanceII NicolaProdi,Cochair Dept.ofEngineering,UniversityofFerrara,viaSaragat1,Ferrara44122,Italy KennethP.Roy,Cochair BuildingProductsTechnologyLab,ArmstrongWorldIndustries,2500ColumbiaAve.,Lancaster,PA17603 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAAb1.S&N-SLight:Ananthropicnoisecontroldevicetoreducethenoiselevelindenselyoccupiedspacesencouragingperso- nalcontrolofvoice.SonjaDiBlasio,GiuliaCalosso,GiuseppinaE.Puglisi,GiuseppeVannelli(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino, CorsoDCdegliAbruzzi,24,Torino10129,Italy,[email protected]),SimoneCorbellini(Dept.ofElectronicsandTelecommuni- cations,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy),LouenaShtrepi,MarcoC.Masoero(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Torino,Italy), andAriannaAstolfi(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy) Recently,inmanyfieldsrelatedtoenvironmentalquality,suchasthermalandvisualquality,thetendencyistocustomizethecom- fortaccordingtotheuser’sneeds.Atailoredcomfortzoneisplannedinpublicspaces,inwhichoccupantscansettheirowncomfort M levelwithpassiveoractivesystems.Inthiscontext,thereductionofnoiseduetoanthropicsourcescanbeseenasapriority.Indensely A occupiedspaces,suchasclassrooms,workplaces,restaurants,andoutdoorspaces,thenoiseduetouserschattinghasadetrimentaleffect E. uponperformance,health,andenvironmentalquality.ThisstudyreportsapplicationsofS&N-SLight,Speech&NoiseStop-Light,a U patentedsmartphonometricdevicewithawarninglightactivationofexceedingofpredeterminedanthropicsoundlevelslimits,which T encouragespersonalvoicecontrolthroughvisualfeedback.Thelightactivation,withgreen,yellow,andredcolor,isbasedonanadapt- a 3 ivealgorithmthataccountsforpre-definedstatisticalnoiselevels;therefore,accidentalnoiselevelscanbefiltered.Thedevicehasbeen usedinclassrooms,restaurants,andurbansquares.ResultsindicateadecreaseofnoiselevelswithS&N-SLight,especiallywhenthe occupantsreceivedtrainingaboutthedevicebenefits. 9:40 3aAAb2.Designingtriangulardiffusersforarchitecturalacoustics.TrevorJ.Cox(Acoust.Res.Ctr.,TheUniv.ofSalford,Newton Bldg.,SalfordM54WT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andPeterD’Antonio(ChesapeakeAcoust.Res.Inst.LLC,Bowie, MD) Pyramidsandwedgescanbeusedtochangehowsoundisreflectedinconcerthallsandotherperformancespaces.Simplegeometric acoustic models can explainthe reflection behavior when the wavelengthof soundis small compared tothe dimensions ofthe faces. Dependingontheanglebetweenadjacentsurfaces,considerabledispersion,moderatediffusion,orspecularreflectioncanresult.Therewill beabandwidthwheregeometricmodelsareinaccuratebecausediffractionwillbesignificant.Consequently,thisstudyuses2DBoundary ElementMethods(BEMs)toovercomethewavelengthlimit.Itisassumedthattheunderstandingfrom2Dtrianglescanbegeneralizedto 3Dsurfacessuchaspyramids.Anumericaloptimizationprocessisusedtodesignarraysoftriangles,examiningtheeffectofdepth,asym- metry,andperiodicity.Theperformanceforshallowanddeepsurfaceswillbepresentedfordifferentincidentsoundfields. ContributedPapers 10:00 undergroundstation.Thisarticlewillintroducethewholeprocessofdesign andscalemodeltestfortheceramicHelmholtzresonantcavity. 3aAAb3. The research of ceramic as sound absorption material in undergroundspace.HuiLiandXiangYan(Acoust.LabofArchitecture 10:20–10:40Break School, Tsinghua Univ., Main Bldg., Rm. 104, Beijing, Beijing 100084, China,[email protected]) 10:40 Beijing-ZhangjiakouHighSpeedRailwillbe completedat theendof 3aAAb4. Enhancement of bass frequency absorption in fabric-based 2019. Badaling Station, the only underground station in this line, is the absorbers.JonasSchira(SalesManagerAcoust.,GerrietsGmbH,ImKirch- deepesthighspeedrailstationinChinawithadepthof102m.Theplatform enh€urstle5-7,Umkirch79224,Germany,[email protected]) andtransforminghallarebothnarrowspaces,whichmeansacoustictreat- mentis necessary forthesakeofspeecharticulation. Takingfireproofing, VariableAcousticshasbecomeanimportanttopicintheacousticdesignof waterproofing,longlasting,cultureandvisualeffectintoconsideration,ce- multi-purposevenuesbutalsoinclassicalconcerthallsandoperahouses.Vary- ramic is the most and only appropriate material being used in the ing the reverberation time in the middle and high frequencies can easily be 3663 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3663 achievedbyusingfabric-basedabsorberslikecurtainsorrollbanners.When availablearebasedonthephasegratingdiffusersorSchroeder-typediffus- usingfabric-basedabsorbers,theproportionallylowabsorptioncapabilityinthe ers.However,insomeparticularcases,thevisualappearanceoftheacoustic bassfrequenciesbelow400Hzcanbechallengingwhenplanningamulti-pur- conditioningoftheroomwithQRDsisconsideredbyarchitectstobeunaes- posefacility.Afullrangevariablesystemwouldprovideagreattooltoconsul- theticorvisuallyunattractiveinmodernspaces,andthus,othergeometrical tantsandarchitects.Doublelayerrollbannersystemswithahighlyabsorbing forms of the diffusive surfaces or elements need to be customized and fabricaremostlyinstalledfreelyhanginginfrontofthewall.Researchshowsa explored. The optimization of the diffusers’ design has been a topic of significant enhancement of the bass frequency absorption if the fabric is in- intenseresearchinthelastyears.Inthispaper,theauthorsproposeanalter- stalledinanenclosedhousing.Thispaperwillexaminethefundamentalprob- native technique to define new shapes of sound diffusion configurations, lemoflowbassabsorptioncapabilitybutwillalsoshowthemeasurementdata basedontheuseofradialbasisfunctions(RBF).Inaddition,toallowthe andtechnicalsolutionforthedescribedproblem. definitionofoptimalsurfaceshapesforagivenfrequencyband,agenetic algorithmisused.Thediffusioncoefficientiscomputedwithintheoptimi- 11:00 zationprocedureusingtheKirchoffintegralequation.Asetofapplication 3aAAb5.Noiseinsulationofacurtainwallfornaturalventilation.Jean- resultsarepresentedanddiscussedandexperimentalevaluationofthedif- Philippe Migneron, Andre Potvin, and Jean-Gabriel Migneron (School of fusersisperformedinasimplifiedsemi-anechoicroom(toevaluatediffusiv- Architecture,Univ.Laval,1,cotedelaFabrique,PQCity,QCG1K7P4, ity)accordingtoISO17497-2inordertocomparethenumericalresults. Canada,[email protected]) 11:40 The growing interest in natural or hybrid ventilation systems brings a challengeforgoodintegrationofopeningsinbuildingfac¸ades.Inanoisy 3aAAb7.Rezonatoreffectsofstudentcabinetsusedinclasses.FilizB. environment, there is a major limitation for the use of direct openings in Kocyigit (Architecture, Atilim Univ., incek, Ankara 06560, Turkey, fil- common building envelopes. As a part of a research project dedicated to [email protected]) thisproblem,itispossibletoevaluatetheimpactofacurtainwallthatcould beaddedtogetadoubleskinfac¸ade.Experimentalmeasurementsmadein Achieving acoustic comfort in high school is of great importance for laboratory conditions lead to the estimation of usual noise reduction and increasingthequalityofeducation.Duetothehighnumberofstudentsin soundtransmissionclass.Theairflowatconstantdifferentialpressurewas classrooms,canteens,cafeterias,andcorridors,thevoicesofyounggirlsand assessed as a function of the aperture and compared to sound insulation. youngmenareintense.Apartfromthat,HVACsystems,lightingfixtures, Analyzingthoseparameterstogethergiveusefulinformationforthedesign announcement systems, and electronic devices increase the background ofpassiveventilationwithasignificantairflowwhenacousticperformance soundlevelandstudentscommunicatewitheachotherwithahighersound is an important issue.This paper aimsto detail performancesof common pressurelevel.Theconditionsofuseofthetrainingareasrequirehygiene curtainwallassemblies. andmaterialsresistanttovandalism.Thisnecessitatestheuseofhardand smooth material, which increases the RT of the interior spaces. Different 11:20 methodsarebeingsoughtforensuringthevalueofRTrequiredtoincrease D50,C80,andS/Nlevelinstudent-student-teachercommunicationinclass- 3aAAb6.Designandoptimizationofthesounddiffusersusingradialba- rooms.Forthispurpose,differentschoolswereobservedindifferentsizes, sis functions-based shapes and genetic algorithms. Ricardo Patraquim, coveredwithdifferentmaterialsandinteriormaterials,andRT,EDT,D50, LuisGodinho,andPaulo AmadoMendes (ISISE,Dept.CivilEng.,Univ. and C80 measurements, Lmax, Lmin, and Leq measurements were made. ofCoimbra,DEC/FCTUC-RuaLuisReisSantos,Coimbra3030-788,Por- Thestudiesshowthatcircularandrod-shapedopeningswithventilationpur- tugal,[email protected]) poseinthestudentcupboardsusedinthespaceshowswallowingcharacter- Sounddiffusersare a commontechnicalsolutionused in thelast four isticsatlowfrequenciesandtheyareworkingasarezonator.Inthisstudy, decadesforconditioningperformanceroomswithgreateracousticrequire- samplesfromdifferentclassroomsandfactorsaffectingindoorsoundqual- ments. A significant number of the acoustic diffusers commercially itywereevaluated. 3664 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3664 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM207,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON Session3aAAc ArchitecturalAcoustics:AcousticRegulationsandClassificationofNewandRetrofittedBuildingsII BirgitRasmussen,Cochair SBi,DanishBuildingResearchInstitute,AalborgUniversityCopenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15, CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark JorgePatricio,Cochair LNEC,Av.doBrasil,101,Lisbon1700-066,Portugal DavidS.Woolworth,Cochair OxfordAcoustics,356CR102,Oxford,MS38655 ContributedPapers 9:20 Thepaperwillpresentthesetupinthetestsuite,andtheresultsofthestudy willbepresentedinarangeofacousticparameters,D ,STC,R’ andbe 3aAAc1.Determining“reasonable”levelsofsoundinsulationindomes- nT,w w assessedagainstarangeofcountriescurrentstandards. ticpropertiesforuseinbuildingregulations.RichardG.Mackenzie,Nic- ola Robertson (RMP Acoust., Edinburgh Napier Univ., 42 Colinton Rd., 9:40 Edinburgh,ScotlandEH105BT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected]. M 3aAAc2. A strategy for sustainable acoustic classification scheme of uk),andSeanSmith(Inst.forSustainableConstruction,EdinburghNapier A dwellings.MiomirMijic(SchoolofElec.Eng.,Univ.ofBelgrade,Bulevar Univ.,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom) KraljaAleksandra73,Belgrade11000,Serbia,[email protected]),Aleksandar E. U The Scottish Building Regulations, similar to other countries regula- Milenkovic,DanicaBoljevic(Acoust.Lab.,InstitutIMS,Belgrade,Serbia), T tions, provide standards for the protection of occupants health. Minimum andDraganaSumarac Pavlovic (Schoolof Elec.Eng.,Univ.of Belgrade, a sound insulation standards are provided to control noise passing through Belgrade,Serbia) 3 walls and floors from neighboring properties. In Scotland, the minimum ThenewlegislationinSerbiaforsoundinsulationinbuildings,currently standard should provide adequate protection for a “reasonable” person inpreparation,shouldintroduceforthefirsttimeanationalimplementation from “normal” living activities. This paper presents the findings of a ofdwellings’acousticclassification.Therearesomestructuralsystemsand research study undertaken by Edinburgh Napier University, to assess the buildingtypologythatarecommoninexistinghousingstock.Someofthem levelofsoundinsulationthattestsubjectswoulddeemtobe“reasonable” are causedbyseismicdemandsandsomebyarchitects’routines.Allthat forarangeofnoisesourcespassingthroughavarietyofconstructiontypes. introducedrealisticallyaccessiblerangeofapparentsoundreductionindex ThestudyundertakenwithintheUniversitiesauralizationsuiteassessedthe valuesatdifferentpositionsinexistingbuildings.Toachieveasustainable responses involving over 100 participants subjected to common domestic classificationschemeinpreparednewlegislationtheanalysisofsoundinsu- noisesourcespassingthroughseparatingstructures.Theparticipants were lation in existing buildings were performed and implications of possible given the ability to adjust the source noise level for each source type to boundary values between different classes on the housing stock acoustic determine the level of noise from their neighbor they would consider score were analyzed. Based on such approach, the suggestions concerned “reasonable”totolerate.Theparticipantsdeterminationswerecorrelatedto withtheclassificationschemeandclasslimitsarepresented. theequivalentsoundinsulationforeachsourceandconstructionassessed. InvitedPapers 10:00 3aAAc3.AcousticregulationsandclassificationofvarioustypesofbuildingsintheNordiccountries.SteindorGudmundsson(Ver- kisConsultingEngineersLtd.,Ofanleiti2,ReykjavikIS-103,Iceland,[email protected]) It is relatively well known that in the NordicCountries,there arenational classification standardsfor dwellings,and oneof the classes(classC)isreferredtointhebuildingregulationsasminimumacousticquality.InNorway,Iceland,andSweden,therearealso nationalacousticclassificationstandardsfordifferentothertypesofbuildings,andinNorwayandIceland,classCisreferredtoasmini- mumacousticqualityinthebuildingregulationsforthesebuildingsaswellasfordwellings.InSweden,theacousticqualityforthese buildingsisrecommended,butnotmandatory.Inthepaper,thedifferenttypesofpremisesforworkincludedinthestandardsaredis- cussedwithexamplesofsomeoftheacousticdemands.Theregulatedbuildingsincludeschools,kindergardens,hospitals,andnursing institutions.Hotelsandofficesarealsoincluded,andalsotheminimumsoundabsorptionandmaximumnoiselevelsinrestaurants,cul- tural,andsportsbuildingsandmanyotherdifferentpremisesforwork.Sometimesitisdecidednottouseonlytheminimumdemands, definedbyclassC,buttousethebetterqualitydefinedbyclassB(orevenclassA). 3665 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3665 10:20–10:40Break 10:40 3aAAc4.Experienceobtainedduringthetenyearsofthesoundclassificationpracticaluseforregulationbuildingacousticsin Lithuania.AleksandrasJagniatinskis,BorisFiks,andMariusMickaitis(VilniusGediminasTech.Univ.,Linkmenu28,Vilnius08217, Lithuania,[email protected]) Advantagesofapplicationthesoundclassificationschemeswereforeseeninthetwoapplications.Inthelegalregulation,thescheme expressesintheusersfriendlyandeasyunderstandableformprotectionagainstnoiserequirementsforthebuildings.Theschemeisalso atoolfordesignertoadvicecriteriaofthesuitableacousticcomfortinpremisesandalsotolabelbuildingsaccordingacousticquality. ClassificationschemeimplementedinLithuaniacomprisefiveacousticcomfortclasses—A,B,C,D,andE.Acousticalrequirements expressedbytheCsoundclasslimitvaluescorrespondtotheatleastacceptableacousticcomfortlevel.Thelowest(worst)soundclass isEandcompriselimitvaluescorrespondingtotheacousticalcomfortlevelinoldbuildingserectedundersoundinsulationrequirements existedbefore.Bythisreason,thestepinlimitvaluesbetweendifferentclassescannotbepermanentanddependsfromthechangesin acousticaldemandsduringthetime.Forenforcement,legalrequirementsexpressedthroughmandatorysoundclassCfornewdwellings andEforrenovatedbuildingsfrom2007pre-completingtestingbecomemandatory.Inthisapproach,moreimportantbecomesaguide- lineforverificationofcompliancewithanacousticclass. 11:00 3aAAc5.RevisionoftheSwedishsoundclassificationschemeforpremises.KristerLarsson(Bldg.Technology/Sound&Vibrations, RISERes.InstitutesofSweden,Box857,BorasSE-50115,Sweden,[email protected]) TheSwedishbuildingcodeputsrequirementsonnoiseprotectioninnewbuildings.Forresidentialbuildings,minimumrequirements aregivendirectlyinthebuildingcode,anddemandsforbetteracousticqualityaregiveninasoundclassingschemeaccordingtothe SwedishStandardSS25267,whichhasbeenrevisedin2015.Forpremises,suchasoffices,schools,orhotels,thebuildingcodedoes notcontainspecificquantifiedminimumrequirementsontheacousticproperties,butreferinsteadtothesoundclassingstandardSS 25268fortabulatedvalues.SoundclassCcorrespondstotheminimumrequirementsfornewbuildings,anddemandsforbetteracoustic qualityaregivenaccordingtoclassBorclassA.Thesoundclassingstandardforpremises,SS25268,iscurrentlyunderrevision,and duringthelastyears,theneedsforchangesandupdateshavebeencollectedincooperationwithstakeholdersandexperts.Thepaper presentsthemotivationsfortherevisionandthestatusofthework.Ideasformajorrevisionsarebeingdiscussedsuchassuggestionsfor improvedroomacousticrequirementsinschools,aswellassoundinsulationandacousticcomfortinopenplanoffices. 11:20 3aAAc6.Apilotstudyonacousticregulationsforofficebuildings—ComparisonbetweenselectedcountriesinEurope.BirgitRasmus- sen(SBi,DanishBldg.Res.Inst.,AalborgUniv.Copenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15,CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark,[email protected]) AcousticregulationsorguidelinesforofficebuildingsarefoundinseveralcountriesinEurope.Themainreasonistoensuresatisfac- toryacousticworkingconditionsforthevarioustasksandactivitiestakingplaceinthemanydifferentkindsofroomsinsuchbuildings. Examplesofroomtypesareoffices,meetingrooms,open-planoffices,corridors,receptionareas,diningareas,allwithdifferentacoustic needs.Somecountriesspecifyafewacousticlimitvaluesonly,whileothersdefineseveraldifferentcriteria,guidelinesonly,oracombina- tionofrequirementsandguidelines.Asapilotstudy,comparisonbetweenrequirementsinselectedcountriesinEuropehasbeencarried out.Thefindingsshowadiversityoflimitvaluesforacousticrequirements.Thepaperincludesexamplesofrequirementsforreverberation time,airborneandimpactsoundinsulation,noisefromtrafficandfromserviceequipment.Examplesofguidelineswillalsobepresented. Thediscrepanciesbetweencountriesarebeingdiscussed,andsomeprioritiesforadjustingacousticregulationswillbegiven.Inadditionto asetofregulationsorguidelines,somecountrieshaveofficebuildingsincludedinnationalacousticclassificationstandardswithdifferent acousticqualitylevels.Thepaperwillindicateexamplesofsuchclassificationcriteriaforcomparisonwithacousticregulations. ContributedPaper 11:40 possibledifferencesofacousticinsulationonaresidentialfac¸adeovertime,an experimental study was developed in LNEC. The experimental work was 3aAAc7.Acousticbehavioroffacades:Acousticisolationversusairper- basedonasetofacousticandairpermeabilitytestsconsideringseveralopen- meability. Diogo M. Ferreira (Engenharia Cvil, Faculdade de Ci^encias e ingareas,between0,5cm2and250cm2,inagiventestwindow.Theresults TecnologiadaUniversidadedeLisboaFCT-UNL,RuadoCasal,n(cid:2)291(cid:2)B, obtainedallowtoevaluateinwhichdirectionthesoundinsulationversusair Cac(cid:2)em2735-354,Portugal,[email protected]) permeability can parameterize the performance of the facades of buildings, Today,theacousticcomfortofdwellingsisrevealedasaveryimportant andwhatisitsrelationshiptothewell-beingofresidents.Forthe0.5and1 factorinthecontextofoverallcomfortofitsinhabitants.Forthiscomfort,it cm2areasofaperture,noacousticorairpermeabilitydifferenceswerefound contributesveryimportantlythesoundinsulationthatthefacadesofbuildings inrelationtothereferencevalues,assumingthatthisscenariodoesnotcause canprovide.Sincethefacadescompriseofanopaqueportionandatranslucent anysignificantvariationinahousingfac¸ade.For thelasttwoareasstudied portion,thelatterwillbemorerelevanttothesoundinsulationthatthefacade (200and250cm2),inacousticandairpermeabilityterms,itisconcludedthat, elementprovides,whichisinfluencedbythewindowitself,asbytheopenings fortheseareas,thescenarioissimilartothatofanopenwindowduetothe andairpermeabilityassociatedwith.Inordertoevaluatetheinfluenceofthe highlossofsoundinsulationandthelowairpermeability. 3666 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3666 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM313,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. Session3aAB AnimalBioacoustics:ComparativeBioacoustics:SessioninHonorofRobertDoolingI MichealL.Dent,Cochair Psychology,UniversityatBuffalo,SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260 AmandaLauer,Cochair Otolaryngology-HNS,JohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,515Traylor,720RutlandAve.,Baltimore,MD21205 Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAB1.Perceptualperseveranceinapasserinewithpermanentpapillarimpairment.AmandaLauer(Otolaryngology-HNS,Johns HopkinsUniv. School of Medicine, 515 Traylor, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore,MD 21205, [email protected]) and Robert Dooling (Psych.,Univ.ofMaryland,CollegePark,MD) TheBelgianWaterslagercanaryisuniqueforitsloud,low-pitchedsongwhichisaccompaniedbyahereditarypathologyinvolving M missinganddamagedhaircellsinthebasalendofthepapilla.Thesebirdswerebeenbredforhundredsofyearsforloud,low-pitched A song.Breederslikelyselectedforhighfrequencyhearingloss.Inspitehaircellregeneration,thepapillaeinthesebirdsneverapproaches E. that of normal-hearing canaries. Auditory nerve and brainstem responses are also diminished, and auditory brainstem nuclei show U reducedcellsize.Andthesebirdsshowasuiteofpsychoacousticdeficitsconsistentwithimpairedactiveprocessingasseeninhumans T withhearingloss.Itisratherremarkable,then,thatBelgianWaterslagersareabletolearn,discriminate,andproducecomplex,species- a 3 specificsoundswithsuchimpairedfrequencyselectivityandphaseprocessing.Thisfeat,inthepresenceofsevereperipheralauditory damage,underscorestheimportanceoftemporalinformationintheavianauditoryperceptionandvocallearning.Theobviousgenetic basisofthispathologyplacestheBelgianWaterslagercanaryinanotheruniquepositionofbeingtheonlynonhumanorganismwhich mustnavigatethroughvocaldevelopmentandvocallearninginthefaceofaninheriteddevelopmentalperipheralauditorypathology. 9:40 3aAB2. Cormorant audiograms under water and in air. Ole N. Larsen (Biology, Univ. of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odernse M 5230, Denmark, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard, Alyssa Maxwell, Kirstin A. Hansen, and Magnus Wahlberg(Biology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark) Littleisknownaboutunderwaterhearingabilitiesofdivingbirds.Tohelpfillthisgapwemeasuredaudiogramsofcormorants(Pha- lacrocorax carbo) using two different methods. Wild-caught cormorant fledglings were anesthetized and their auditory brainstem responses(ABR)toclicksandtoneburstsweremeasured;firstinananechoicboxinairandtheninalargewater-filledtankwiththeir headandnecksubmerged.Inaddition,audiogramswereobtainedfromtwoadultcormorantsusingthepsychophysicalmethodofcon- stantstimulibothinairandunderwater.Theshapeofaudiogramsobtainedfromin-airABR-recordingswassimilartothatreportedfor birdsofsimilarsize.Thehighestsensitivityinairwasfoundatabout2kHz,whilethemostsensitiveresponsewasatabout1kHzunder- water. In general, the audiograms obtained from psychophysical measurements were similar to the ABR audiograms but had much highersensitivitythantheABRaudiograms.Theresultsfrombothmethodssuggestthatcormorantshaveratherpoorin-airhearingcom- paredtosimilar-sizedbirds.Theirunderwaterhearingsensitivity,however,ishigherthanwhatwouldhavebeenexpectedforpurelyair- adaptedears,anditislikelythatcormorantsusetheirunderwaterhearingabilitiesduringforagingdives. 10:00 3aAB3.Studiesofrhythmicsynchronizationinavianvocallearnersusingoperantconditioningmethods.YoshimasaSeki(Aichi Univ., 1-1 Machihata-machi, Toyohashi 4418018, Japan, [email protected]) and Kazuo Okanoya (The Univ. of Tokyo, Meguro-ku,Japan) Researchershavearguedthatnon-humananimalsexhibitasenseofrhythm.BudgerigarsandBengalesefinchesweretrainedtopeck akeyiterativelyinresponsetometronomicstimuliusinganoperantconditioningmethod.PecktiminginBudgerigarswasdistributed aroundthestimulusonsetofthemetronome,suggestingthebirdssynchronizedtheirbodymovementtotherhythmofthemetronome. However,pecktiminginfinchesappearedtocorrespondtoanestimatedreactiontime,suggestingthatpeckresponseswereamerereac- tiontothemetronomestimuli.Next,budgerigarsweretrainedtopecktwokeysalternativelywithoutanymetronomicstimuli,sothat peckingofthekeyswasself-paced.Metronomicsoundswerecreatedtomatchtheintervalsoftheself-pacedpecking.Additionalmetro- nomicstimuliwerecreatedtobe10%faster,10%slower,and20%slowerthantheoriginalself-pacedmetronomestimuliforeachbird. 3667 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3667 Thesespeduporsloweddownmetronomicsoundswereplayedbackinthebackgroundoftheself-pacedpeckingtask.Inthisexperi- ment,rhythmicsynchronizationwasnotobserved;however,onebirdexhibitedshorterpeckingintervalsforthefastermetronomeand longerintervalsfortheslowermetronome,suggestingthatthemetronomicstimuliinfluencedpecktiminginthisbirdintheabsenceof training. 10:20 3aAB4.Elaboratenetworkofavianintracranialair-filledcavitiesanditspotentialroleinhearing.KennethK.Jensen(Starkey Hearing Technologies, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard (Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark),andOleN.Larsen(Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark, OdernseM,Denmark) Manyavianspeciespossessanintracranialair-filledpassage,directlyconnectingthemedialsurfacesofthetympanicmembranes, calledtheinterauralcanal.Itisknowntogreatlyimprovedirectionalhearingbypassiveacousticsinsmallanimalswheretheexternal interauraldelayistoominutetoallowtemporalneuralcoding.Forlong,theavianinterauralcanalwasassumedtobeasimplecylindri- calcavity.Contrarytothis,wediscoveredthroughCTscansandothertechniquesthatmanybirds(e.g.,zebrafinchesandpigeons)doin facthavearatherelaboratesystemofinterconnectedair-filledcavitiesthroughouttheentireskull.Thecavitiescommunicatedirectlyor indirectlywiththetympanicmembranes.Howdoesthisnetworkaffectthedirectionalhearinginbirds?Ononehand,itmaysimplybe anadaptationtoflightandplaylittleornoroleinhearing.Ontheotherhand,theoreticalconsiderationssuggestthatthedirectional responsemaybeoptimizedthroughfrequencydependent“tuning”ofattenuationandphaseshiftthroughtheinterauralcanal.Inthis talk,wewillfirstpresenttheanatomy,thenpresentsomepreliminarydirectionalresponsesfromzebrafinchears,andfinallydiscuss futuredirectionsandconsiderationsforwhatmaybethefunctionalinterauralcanalinbirds. 10:40 3aAB5.Psychophysicalbasisforfinite-statesongsyntaxinBengalesefinches.KazuoOkanoya(LifeSci.,TheUniv.ofTokyo,3-8-1 Komaba,Meguro-ku153-8902,Japan,[email protected]) Bengalesefincheshavebeendomesticatedfor250yearsinJapanfromwildwhite-rumpedmuniasoriginallyimportedfromChina. Bengalesefinchesweredomesticatedforparentalbehaviorandwhitecolormorphs,butnotforsongs.Nevertheless,Bengalesefinches singcomplexsongs:2-5songnoteswerechunkedandchunksareorganizedintofinite-statesyntax.Songdurationindicatesphysicalfit- nessofthebirdandsongcomplexitystimulatesfemalereproductivebehavior.WeexaminedsequentialexpertizesinBengalesefinches usingbehavioralprocedures.Inaclickdetectiontask,birdsweretrainedtopeckwhentheyheardashortclickembeddedinachunkor betweenchunks.Reactiontimeswerelongerintheformercases.Inaflash-songinterruptiontask,songterminationoccurredmoreoften whentheflashwasgivenbetweenchunks.Thesedataaresuggestiveoftheperceptualandmotorrealityofchunkstructures.Inaserial reaction time task, birds where trained to peck horizontally arranged keys in certain order. Male birds learned the task better than females,suggestingthatsongmotorcontrolcapacitymaybeutilizedothermotordomainsaswell.However,abstractrulelearningby auditorydiscriminationwasnotpossible,suggestingthatthesequentialexpertizesmaybelimitedonthemotordomain. 11:00 3aAB6.Mousepsychoacoustics:Notjustre-Doolingthebirdpsychoacousticsresearch.MichealL.Dent(Psych.,Univ.atBuffalo, SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260,[email protected]) ThecleverartistWillieNelsononcesaid“theearlybirdgetsthewormbutthesecondmousegetsthecheese.”WhileWilliewasnot likelyreferringtoanimalpsychoacoustics,thequoteeasilyappliestothehistoricaltrajectoryofthefield.Foryears,birdsservedasapri- marymodelforhumanhearing.Manyspecieswerealreadydomesticated.Theywereknowntobevocallearners.Thehearingabilities ofnumerousspeciesofbirdsweresimilartohumans.Finally,birdscouldbequicklytrainedusingoperantconditioningproceduresand positivereinforcement.RobertDoolingwasapioneerofthesetechniquesandresultsfromhislaboratorywereinstrumentalforbirds beingusedasmodelsforhumanauditoryprocessingfordecades.Withthedevelopmentofthemousegenomein2002,however,many researchersturnedtheirfocusinsteadtowardsthesesmallmammalsasresearchmodels.Geneticallyengineeredstrainsofmicemimick- inghumandisorderscouldbeeasilydevelopedandstudied,butunfortunately,thebasichearingandcommunicationabilitiesofmice werelargelyunknown,limitingtheirutilityasmodels.SuccessfulbutnumerousadaptationsofDooling’sbehavioralmethodshavebeen recentlymadetomeasureauditoryacuityinmicetomeasuretheperceptionofbothsimplestimuliandcomplexvocalizations. 11:20 3aAB7.Vocalproduction,auditoryperception,andsignalactivespaceinanopenhabitatspecialist,theGrasshopperSparrow. BernardLohr(Dept.ofBiologicalSci.,Univ.ofMarylandBaltimoreCounty,1000HilltopCircle,Baltimore,MD21250,blohr@umbc. edu) GrasshopperSparrowsarespecialistsinopengrasslandhabitatsandfaceacousticchallengesnormallyassociatedwiththathabitattype. Theyproduceseveraltypesofcallsandtwodistincttypesofsong,allofwhicharehigh-pitchedforsongbirds(6—10kHz).Theprimary territorialsong,alsoknownasthe“buzz”song,consistsof3or4briefintroductorynotesfollowedbyahigh-pitched,rapidlymodulated trill.Thefunctionofthesecondarysongtype,or“warble”song,remainsunknown,butdatafromautonomousrecordingunitsdemonstrates acorrelationwithpairingstatusandbreedingcycletiming.OperantdiscriminationtestswithGrasshopperSparrowsshowabroaderaudio- gramandextendedhighfrequencyauditorylimitwhencomparedwithothersmallsongbirds,suggestingthatthesebirds,andpotentially relatedspeciesaswell,haveevolvedawiderspectralrangeofauditorysensitivityinthishabitattype.Auditorydetectionanddiscrimina- tionthresholdswereusedtoexploretheactivespaceandcommunicationdistancesofthisspecies’vocalizationsusingahabitatbioacous- ticsmodelincorporatingitsnormalterritorialbehavior.Resultssuggestthatsongscanbedetecteduptothreeterritoriesawayfromthe singer,butthatbirdsmayhavedifficultydiscriminatingbetweendifferentconspecificsongsmorethantwoterritoriesaway. 3668 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3668 ContributedPapers 11:40 12:00 3aAB8.Saliencyoftemporalfinestructureinzebrafinchvocalizations. 3aAB9.Micro-scalehabitatuseofhumpbackwhalesaroundMauiNui, NoraH.Prior,EdwardSmith,GregoryF.Ball,andRobertDooling(Biology Hawaii. Anke K€ugler (Hawaii Inst. of Marine Biology, Univ. of Hawaii Psych., Univ. of Maryland, 4094 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, Manoa,2525CorreaRd.HIG132,Honolulu,HI96822,akuegler@hawaii. [email protected]) edu)andMarcLammers(HawaiiInst.ofMarineBiology,Univ.ofHawaii Manoa,Kaneohe,HI) Previous work has shown that birds. in general, and zebra finches. in particular, have remarkable sensitivity to temporal fine structure (TFS). Each winter, thousands of North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera While spectral, envelope, and TFS cues are present in vocalizations, TFS novaeangliae)migratefromtheirhighlatitudefeedinggroundsinAlaskato hasbeenlargelyignoredsincesonographic,andnottimewaveform,analy- mate and calve in the shallow tropical waters around the Main Hawaiian seshavebeenthemainstayinbioacoustics.However,birds’impressivesen- Islands.PreviousstudiesonhumpbackwhalesinHawaiihavefocusedonthe sitivity to TFS raises the question of whether behaviorally relevant whales’acousticbehaviorandtheirgeneraldistributionwithintheislands,but informationiscarriedwithintheTFS.Indeed,zebrafincheshaveatleast10 littleisknownaboutsmall-scalehabitatpreferences.OfftheislandofMaui, calltypesthatbothmalesandfemalesuseinsophisticatedwaystocoordi- anecdotalreportsfromcommercialoperatorsandresearcherstellofclusters nate activities. Furthermore, zebra finch vocalizations are typically com- ofwhaleswithinthebreedingarea.However,toourknowledge,nostudies posed of harmonic stacks, rich in TFS. Here, we isolated and described have been conducted to examine the phenomenon of micro-scale aggrega- patternsintheTFSbetweenandwithinindividualsfordifferentcalltypes tions.ApilotstudyusingpassiveacousticmonitoringwithEcologicalAcous- andconstructedteststimulifromthesepatternsofTFSforpsychoacoustic ticRecorders(EARs)wasconductedfromJanuarythroughearlyMarch2016 experiments. Demonstrating TFS sensitivity within natural stimuli would atthreesitesoffMaui,usingmalesingersasaproxyforrelativewhaleabun- argue for the increasing salience of TFS for real-life communication in dance. Root-mean-square sound pressure levels (SPLs) were calculated to birds.[WorksupportedbyaNIDCDT32DC000046-16toNHP.] comparelowfrequencyacousticenergy(0-1kHz)betweenthedifferentsites. Preliminary results indicate that singers alternate between the two farthest sites.Further,differentdielpatternsinsongactivitywhereobservedamong thesites.Theseresultssuggestatleastsomedegree ofvariablespatialand temporalhabitatuseandthatfurthermonitoringiswarranted. M A TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM310,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. E. U T a Session3aAO 3 AcousticalOceanographyandUnderwaterAcoustics:AcousticMeasurementsofSedimentTransportand Near-BottomStructuresI JamesLynch,Cochair WoodsHoleOceanographic,MS#11,Bigelow203,WoodsHole,MA02543 PeterD.Thorne,Cochair MarinePhysicsandOceanClimate,NationalOceanographyCentre,NationalOceanographyCentre,JoesphProudman Building,6BrownlowStreet,LiverpoolL35DA,UnitedKingdom Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAO1. Perspectives of ongoing acoustic developments for measuring sediment dynamics. Peter D. Thorne (Joseph Proudman Bldg.,NationalOceanogr.Ctr.,6BrownlowSt.,Liverpool,MerseysideL35DA,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andDavidHurther (Lab.ofGeophysicalandIndustrialFlows(LEGI),CNRSUMR5519,Grenoble,France) Sedimententrainment,transport,anddepositionoverbedformscanbehighlydynamicwithstrongspatiallytemporalvariability.To probethemulti-scaledprocessesofsedimenttransport,therehasbeencontinuingdevelopmentsofinstrumentationtoobtainhighresolu- tionmeasurementsofnear-bedsedimentdynamics.Suchobservationsareusedforboththedevelopmentandassessmentofprocess basedsedimenttransportmodeling.Here,resultsarereportedfromstudiesondevelopinghighresolutionacousticinstruments,deployed to make co-located observations of bedforms, the near-bed and suspended concentration fields, and the horizontal and vertical 3669 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3669

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The ear then is a window into the evolutionary push-pull . 10:20. 3aAAa4. The shape of sound. Hyun Paek and Gary W. Siebein (Siebein . patented smart phonometric device with a warning light activation of exceeding of .. likely referring to animal psychoacoustics, the quote easily applies to the
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TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 BALLROOMB,8:00A.M.TO9:00A.M. Session3aIDa Interdisciplinary:KeynoteLecture KeynoteIntroduction—8:00 InvitedPaper 8:05 3aIDa1.Hearingasanextremesport:Underwaterears,infratoultrasonic,andsurfacetotheabyss.DarleneR.Ketten(Otology andLaryngology,HarvardMed.School,BostonUniv.andHarvardMed.School,Boston,MA6845,[email protected]) Ithasbeenarguedthat“hearing”evolvedinaquaticanimals.AuditoryprecursorsexistinfossilAgnathaandcephalopodstatolithic organs,buthow/when/whydidadedicatedacousticreceptor,thetrueprimordialear,firstappear?Didhearingariselinearlyorindepend- ently,inparallel,inandoutofthewater?Modernaquaticspecieshaveanextraordinaryrangeofauditorysystems,fromsimplepressure receptorstocomplexbiosonarsystems.Whatdrivesthisbreadthof“hearing”?Vertebrateearsreflectselectivepressures.Whilevision, touch,taste,andolfactionareimportant,onlyhearingisubiquitous.Evennaturalmutes,likegoldfishandseaturtles,listen.Earscapture passiveandactivesoundcues.Auditorystructures,honedbyhabitandhabitat,delimitspeciesabilitiestodetect,analyze,andactonsur- vivalcues.Cochleae,fromshrewstobatstowolvestowhales,evolvedfromtheessentialpapillaofstemreptiles,elongating,coiling, increasingincomplexitythatenhancedfrequencydiscrimination,butwithheadstunedtothephysicsofsoundintheirmedia.Air-water parallelsevolved:ultrasonicecholocatorsandmassiveinfrasonicspecialists.Theearthenisawindowintotheevolutionarypush-pull drivenbythreetasksthatshapedtheseveralthousandelementspackedintoeveryauditorysystem:feed,breed,andsurviveanotherday. TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM206,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. Session3aAAa ArchitecturalAcoustics:RetrospectontheWorksofBertramKinzeyI GaryW.Siebein,Cochair SiebeinAssociates,Inc.,625NW60thStreet,SuiteC,Gainesville,FL32607 DavidLubman,Cochair DLAcoustics,14301MiddletownLn.,Westminster,CA92683-4514 Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAAa1.ProfessorBertramY,Kinzey,Jr.,mentor,scholar,practitioner,artist,andcolleague.GaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc., Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607,[email protected]) ProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hadsignificantimpactsontheshapeofarchitecturalacousticstodaythroughhisteaching,profes- sionalpractice,research,andservice.HeinfluencedseveralgenerationsofstudentsatVirginiaTechandtheUniversityofFloridawhere hedevelopedinnovative,laboratory-basedcoursestoteacharchitectsaboutacousticsandotherenvironmentaltechnologysubjects.At Florida,heinitiatedgraduatecourseworktoallowstudentstospecializeinEnvironmentalTechnologyandlaterarchitecturalacoustics 3660 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3660 aspartoftheprofessionalMasterofArchitecturecurriculum,withathesisinacousticsinaddition.Histeachingwasbasedonideas expressedinhislandmarktextbook,EnvironmentalTechnologiesinArchitecturethatwaspublishedasaprimerintheartandscienceof sustainabledesignin1963,over50yearsaheadofitstime.Hisstudentsenteredtheprofessionwithideasofsustainability,integrating serious,graduatelevelresearchintotheirdesignwork,groundedbytheexperiencesthatBertbroughttotheclassroomfromhispractice whereheconsultedonmostofthemajorbuildingsbuiltinFloridafromthe1960suntilhisretirementmanyyearslater.Theacoustical richnessofthebuildingsthatheworkedonsoundsclearlyinallofthecitiesandtownswhereheworked! 9:40 3aAAa2.Contrapuntaldesign:TheinfluenceofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,onarchitecturalpedagogyattheUniversityofFlorida. MartinA.Gold(Architecture,Univ.ofFlorida,231ARCH,Gainesville,FL32611-5702,mgold@ufl.edu) BertramKinzeyintroducedmodesofanalysis,conceptualization,andexploration,asadedicatedandproductiveresearcher,author, teacher,architect,consultant,andmusicianthatweretransformativeandcontinuetoreverberateinternationallythroughtheworkofhis students.Bert’sinsightfultheoreticalandpracticalrelationshipsbetweenmusic,acoustics,andarchitectureweredrawnfromhisreflec- tiveapproachtoteachingandrefinedthroughactivepractice.Perhapsfoundationaltohiseducationalcontribution,ishisinterestandtal- entasanorganistandorganbuilderleadingtohisuseof“contrapuntal”todescribetheinteractionofmusicandarchitecture—new notesoverlappingthoselingeringinthespaceandtimeofreverberance.Overlapping,independent,yetharmonizingelementsmightalso describeBert’sapproachtoarchitecturaldesignasatheoreticalconstruct;anintegrativeprocess;andasameasureofgreatarchitecture. Contrapuntalthinkingiswellknowninliteratureandmusicbutisjustemerginginarchitecture.Bertintroducedthisimportantidea— amongmanyothersattheUniversityofFlorida—throughhiswritingsandtenureasaUFprofessor.ThispaperdiscussesBert’s‘contra- puntalthinking’andthesubsequentinfluenceonarchitecturaleducationthrougharecentgraduatestudioprojectforanewartsparkand concerthallforthecommunityofSarasota,Florida. 10:00 3aAAa3.Alivingexample—Anattitudetowardssustainableliving.WeihwaChiang(VicePresidentOffice,NationalTaiwanUniv. ofSci.andTechnol.,43KeelungRd.Section4,Taipei106,Taiwan,[email protected]) Asustainablebuiltenvironmentaimsforminimizingenvironmentalimpactwhilemaintaininghealthyliving.TheAcousticsand EnvironmentalTechnologyprogramsstartedbyProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,attheUniversityofFloridawereestablishedwith architecturedesignintegrationinmind.TheprogramsandProfessorKinzey’sinfluencewerenotlimitedtothebooksandtheoriesbut alsotothelivesofhisstudents.Hisremarkablework,BaileyHallatBrowardCommunityCollege,theUniversityAuditoriumrenova- M tionatUFandclassroomarevaluablememoriestostudentswhosatinthemdailyfordecades.Hispassivedesignsignaturehousein A Gainesvilleisanotherunforgettableinspirationforstudents.Itwaswherehesuccessfullyappliedsustainabledesignconceptsandtheo- riesinrealityintheearly1960s.Theseareevidenceofhowheinspiresstudentsbyhislifeasasolidpractitioneraswellasamodern E. U “Renaissanceman.”DespitehisretirementfromUF,hisinfluencehasbeenpassingonandspreadaroundtheworldcontinually.His T pass-throughguidancehasbeenfollowedinteaching,research,designandplanningprojectswithaholisticapproach.Itnotonlyperuses a 3 technicalexcellencewiththoughtfulsocial-economicconcernsbutheavilyrelieson“Kinzeian”humanityandattitudeforsustainable livingandarchitecture. 10:20 3aAAa4.Theshapeofsound.HyunPaekandGaryW.Siebein(SiebeinAssoc.,Inc.,625NW60thSt.,Ste.C,Gainesville,FL32607, [email protected]) TheworkofBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,hasinfluencedgenerationsofarchitecturestudentsandacousticianstovisualizethesoundsthat becometheacousticsignatureofaperformanceorrehearsalspace.Hisresearchandpracticehasshapedspaceswehearandlistenin. Throughtheshapingofspace,musicandspeechareenhancedandoptimizedbytheadditionofeachcurve,angle,planes,thatbecome theuniquecharacterofthespace.Thesoundscreatedonstagesoftheaters,concerthalls,worshipplatforms,orlecternsarereflected, directed,andpropagatedtoenhancetheexperienceofthelistener.Strivingtoachievetheperfectimpulseresponse,wehavelearned fromBertramKinzeythattheacoustician’sworkisnotunliketheworkofasculptor,aninteriordesigner,oranarchitect.Eachsurface andeachtextureonthesurfacehasapurposeandameaningtoitsexistence. 10:40–11:00Break 11:00 3aAAa5.BertKinzey,teacher,andcollaboratorindesign.WilliamW.Brame(606NEFirstSt.,Gainesville,FL32601,b.brame@ brameheck.com) Asbothhisstudentandhisclient,IhaveknownBertKinzeysince1971.In1973IstartedmycareerinGainesville,andrecentlyretiredas theseniorpartnerofthe106yearoldfirmknownasBrameHeckArchitects,Inc.Frommyearliestdaysupuntil2004whenBertmovedaway toVirginia,IhadthepleasureofretainingBerttoserveasourarchitecturalacousticsconsultantonawidevarietyofprojects.Theseprojects includedmusicroomsforeducationalfacilities,conferencecenters,worshipcenters,andmulti-purposefacilitiesthatrequiredexcellentacous- ticsregardlessofwhatwastakingplaceinthespace.Evertheteacher,hewouldexplainhisrecommendationsandsolutionstoeachsituation insuchawaythatI(andourclients)understoodboththeacousticaltheoryandtheresultingphysicalmanifestationsthatwerebeingincorpo- ratedintothefacility.WewouldroutinelyseekBert’sexpertiseforassuringthatournewfacilitieswereproperlydesignedtoisolatemechani- calorenvironmentalsounds.And,ifaclienthadanexistingfacilitythatneededtoremedysuchnoises,hewouldperformfieldtestingand explorevariousoptionstosolvethoseproblems.Bertisatruegentlemanandmasterofhisprofession. 3661 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3661 11:20 3aAAa6.StudyingwithProfessorBertramY.Kinzey,Jr.,intheUniversityofFlorida,SchoolofArchitectureEnvironmental TechnologiesOptionanditsimpactonmyprofessionalcareer.BrunoE.Ramos(BEAArchitectsInc.,3075NWSouthRiverDr., Miami,FL33142,[email protected]) ProfessorKinzeywasinstrumentalinthecareersofmanyprofessionals.Hechallengedstudentsdaily,pushedustothink“outside thebox”andconsideredtheintegrationofsustainabledesignprinciplesinbuildingslongbeforeLEEDeverexisted.Irecallhimsaying “theoldtestsareinthelibrary,youmaygoandreviewthem...asit’smyjobtotestyourknowledgeindifferentways.”Heencouraged hisstudentstogaintheknowledgeandexperiencetoderivetheanswers.Thescalemodelswebuilttomeasureandstudyacousticsand lightingwithinspacesalsoinfluencedmyprofessionalcareer.Weappliedthosesameconceptsinmarinearchitectureusinga“Kinzey type”solutionbybuildingascalemodeltodeterminetherequirementsandforceneededtohaulalargebargeoutofshallowwater. Lastly,IampersonallygratefultoProfessorKinzeyforstimulatingthepursuitofexcellenceinhisstudentswhichhelpedmetopassthe A.R.E.andLEEDlicensing,ataveryyoungage,inmyfirstattempt.ProfessorKinzeyhashadalifetimeofsignificantworkinAcous- ticsandhasinfluencedthousandsofstudentsinaprofoundmanner. 11:40 3aAAa7.AnappreciationoftheeducationalachievementsofBertKinzey.EdwardG.Clautice(GlobalBuildings,JacobsEng.,1100 NorthGlebeRd.,Arlington,VA22201,[email protected]) TheaimofthispaperistodescribetheachievementsofBertramKinzeyinthefieldofacousticswithinarchitecturaleducation.Bert Kinzey’sabilitytobridgeengineeringandarchitectureisofparticularnotetothepersonalexperienceoftheauthor.WithBert’spersonal effortsthattheUniversityofFloridawasabletobeginacceptingstudentsintotheprogramwhodidnothaveatraditionalundergraduate degreeinarchitecture.AsthefirststudenttomatriculateintotheGraduateSchoolofArchitectureattheUniversityofFloridafromthis categorytheauthorowesagreatdealofhispersonalcareertoBertKinzey.BertleadtheEnvironmentalTechnologiesoptionatthe School,whichbroughttheartofmusic,theartofarchitectureandtheengineeringofappliedtechnologyintoacombinationwhichhas enrichedtheprofession(*).ThestudyofconcerthallarchitectureandacousticshasbenefitedgreatlyfromBert’sleadershipwhereacous- ticalmodelingandauralizationcanstandbesidetraditionalvisualtechniquesinthefieldofarchitecturalmodeling. 12:00 3aAAa8.Spreadingacousticstoarchitectureprograms.SangBumPark(SchoolofArchitectureandEng.Technol.,FloridaAandM Univ.,1938SouthMartinLutherKingJr.Blvd.,Tallahassee,FL32307,[email protected]) EnvironmentalTechnologyisoneoftheimportantcorecoursesinanarchitectureprogram.Itprovidesarchitecturalstudentswith basicphysicalprinciplesinthermodynamics,acoustics,lighting,andindoorairqualityandarchitecturaldesignfactorsthataffectthose environmentalqualities.Thiscourseistheonlychannelforthearchitecturalstudentstobeexposedtoacousticaleducationandresearch, unlesstherearemaster’sdegreeprogramsassociatedwithacousticsattheschool.ProfessorBertramKinzey,Jr.,wasthefirstonewho plannedandstartedtheenvironmentaltechnologyandarchitecturalacousticsprogramintheSchoolofArchitectureatUF.Sincethen, UFhasbeencontributingasaproducerofacousticaleducatorsandresearchers.TheauthortaughtdiscussionsessionsofEnvironmental Technology asa graduateteachingassistant between2008and2012at UF, whilehe conductedacoustical researchfor hisdoctoral degree.HeisnowspreadingtheacousticaleducationtotheSchoolofArchitectureandEngineeringTechnologyatFAMUwhereprevi- ouslytherewasnofacultyoracousticalresearcherswithacousticalbackgroundsthroughcoursessuchasEnvironmentalSystemsin ArchitectureandArchitecturalAcoustics.Healsoprovidesthedesignstudioswithacousticalworkshopsandhelpsthesisstudentswhose designpriorityliesinenvironmentallysustainablebuildings. 3662 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3662 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM208,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON Session3aAAb ArchitecturalAcoustics:RoomAcousticsDesignforImprovedBehavior,Comfort,andPerformanceII NicolaProdi,Cochair Dept.ofEngineering,UniversityofFerrara,viaSaragat1,Ferrara44122,Italy KennethP.Roy,Cochair BuildingProductsTechnologyLab,ArmstrongWorldIndustries,2500ColumbiaAve.,Lancaster,PA17603 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAAb1.S&N-SLight:Ananthropicnoisecontroldevicetoreducethenoiselevelindenselyoccupiedspacesencouragingperso- nalcontrolofvoice.SonjaDiBlasio,GiuliaCalosso,GiuseppinaE.Puglisi,GiuseppeVannelli(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino, CorsoDCdegliAbruzzi,24,Torino10129,Italy,[email protected]),SimoneCorbellini(Dept.ofElectronicsandTelecommuni- cations,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy),LouenaShtrepi,MarcoC.Masoero(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Torino,Italy), andAriannaAstolfi(Dept.ofEnergy,PolitecnicodiTorino,Turin,Italy) Recently,inmanyfieldsrelatedtoenvironmentalquality,suchasthermalandvisualquality,thetendencyistocustomizethecom- fortaccordingtotheuser’sneeds.Atailoredcomfortzoneisplannedinpublicspaces,inwhichoccupantscansettheirowncomfort M levelwithpassiveoractivesystems.Inthiscontext,thereductionofnoiseduetoanthropicsourcescanbeseenasapriority.Indensely A occupiedspaces,suchasclassrooms,workplaces,restaurants,andoutdoorspaces,thenoiseduetouserschattinghasadetrimentaleffect E. uponperformance,health,andenvironmentalquality.ThisstudyreportsapplicationsofS&N-SLight,Speech&NoiseStop-Light,a U patentedsmartphonometricdevicewithawarninglightactivationofexceedingofpredeterminedanthropicsoundlevelslimits,which T encouragespersonalvoicecontrolthroughvisualfeedback.Thelightactivation,withgreen,yellow,andredcolor,isbasedonanadapt- a 3 ivealgorithmthataccountsforpre-definedstatisticalnoiselevels;therefore,accidentalnoiselevelscanbefiltered.Thedevicehasbeen usedinclassrooms,restaurants,andurbansquares.ResultsindicateadecreaseofnoiselevelswithS&N-SLight,especiallywhenthe occupantsreceivedtrainingaboutthedevicebenefits. 9:40 3aAAb2.Designingtriangulardiffusersforarchitecturalacoustics.TrevorJ.Cox(Acoust.Res.Ctr.,TheUniv.ofSalford,Newton Bldg.,SalfordM54WT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andPeterD’Antonio(ChesapeakeAcoust.Res.Inst.LLC,Bowie, MD) Pyramidsandwedgescanbeusedtochangehowsoundisreflectedinconcerthallsandotherperformancespaces.Simplegeometric acoustic models can explainthe reflection behavior when the wavelengthof soundis small compared tothe dimensions ofthe faces. Dependingontheanglebetweenadjacentsurfaces,considerabledispersion,moderatediffusion,orspecularreflectioncanresult.Therewill beabandwidthwheregeometricmodelsareinaccuratebecausediffractionwillbesignificant.Consequently,thisstudyuses2DBoundary ElementMethods(BEMs)toovercomethewavelengthlimit.Itisassumedthattheunderstandingfrom2Dtrianglescanbegeneralizedto 3Dsurfacessuchaspyramids.Anumericaloptimizationprocessisusedtodesignarraysoftriangles,examiningtheeffectofdepth,asym- metry,andperiodicity.Theperformanceforshallowanddeepsurfaceswillbepresentedfordifferentincidentsoundfields. ContributedPapers 10:00 undergroundstation.Thisarticlewillintroducethewholeprocessofdesign andscalemodeltestfortheceramicHelmholtzresonantcavity. 3aAAb3. The research of ceramic as sound absorption material in undergroundspace.HuiLiandXiangYan(Acoust.LabofArchitecture 10:20–10:40Break School, Tsinghua Univ., Main Bldg., Rm. 104, Beijing, Beijing 100084, China,[email protected]) 10:40 Beijing-ZhangjiakouHighSpeedRailwillbe completedat theendof 3aAAb4. Enhancement of bass frequency absorption in fabric-based 2019. Badaling Station, the only underground station in this line, is the absorbers.JonasSchira(SalesManagerAcoust.,GerrietsGmbH,ImKirch- deepesthighspeedrailstationinChinawithadepthof102m.Theplatform enh€urstle5-7,Umkirch79224,Germany,[email protected]) andtransforminghallarebothnarrowspaces,whichmeansacoustictreat- mentis necessary forthesakeofspeecharticulation. Takingfireproofing, VariableAcousticshasbecomeanimportanttopicintheacousticdesignof waterproofing,longlasting,cultureandvisualeffectintoconsideration,ce- multi-purposevenuesbutalsoinclassicalconcerthallsandoperahouses.Vary- ramic is the most and only appropriate material being used in the ing the reverberation time in the middle and high frequencies can easily be 3663 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3663 achievedbyusingfabric-basedabsorberslikecurtainsorrollbanners.When availablearebasedonthephasegratingdiffusersorSchroeder-typediffus- usingfabric-basedabsorbers,theproportionallylowabsorptioncapabilityinthe ers.However,insomeparticularcases,thevisualappearanceoftheacoustic bassfrequenciesbelow400Hzcanbechallengingwhenplanningamulti-pur- conditioningoftheroomwithQRDsisconsideredbyarchitectstobeunaes- posefacility.Afullrangevariablesystemwouldprovideagreattooltoconsul- theticorvisuallyunattractiveinmodernspaces,andthus,othergeometrical tantsandarchitects.Doublelayerrollbannersystemswithahighlyabsorbing forms of the diffusive surfaces or elements need to be customized and fabricaremostlyinstalledfreelyhanginginfrontofthewall.Researchshowsa explored. The optimization of the diffusers’ design has been a topic of significant enhancement of the bass frequency absorption if the fabric is in- intenseresearchinthelastyears.Inthispaper,theauthorsproposeanalter- stalledinanenclosedhousing.Thispaperwillexaminethefundamentalprob- native technique to define new shapes of sound diffusion configurations, lemoflowbassabsorptioncapabilitybutwillalsoshowthemeasurementdata basedontheuseofradialbasisfunctions(RBF).Inaddition,toallowthe andtechnicalsolutionforthedescribedproblem. definitionofoptimalsurfaceshapesforagivenfrequencyband,agenetic algorithmisused.Thediffusioncoefficientiscomputedwithintheoptimi- 11:00 zationprocedureusingtheKirchoffintegralequation.Asetofapplication 3aAAb5.Noiseinsulationofacurtainwallfornaturalventilation.Jean- resultsarepresentedanddiscussedandexperimentalevaluationofthedif- Philippe Migneron, Andre Potvin, and Jean-Gabriel Migneron (School of fusersisperformedinasimplifiedsemi-anechoicroom(toevaluatediffusiv- Architecture,Univ.Laval,1,cotedelaFabrique,PQCity,QCG1K7P4, ity)accordingtoISO17497-2inordertocomparethenumericalresults. Canada,[email protected]) 11:40 The growing interest in natural or hybrid ventilation systems brings a challengeforgoodintegrationofopeningsinbuildingfac¸ades.Inanoisy 3aAAb7.Rezonatoreffectsofstudentcabinetsusedinclasses.FilizB. environment, there is a major limitation for the use of direct openings in Kocyigit (Architecture, Atilim Univ., incek, Ankara 06560, Turkey, fil- common building envelopes. As a part of a research project dedicated to [email protected]) thisproblem,itispossibletoevaluatetheimpactofacurtainwallthatcould beaddedtogetadoubleskinfac¸ade.Experimentalmeasurementsmadein Achieving acoustic comfort in high school is of great importance for laboratory conditions lead to the estimation of usual noise reduction and increasingthequalityofeducation.Duetothehighnumberofstudentsin soundtransmissionclass.Theairflowatconstantdifferentialpressurewas classrooms,canteens,cafeterias,andcorridors,thevoicesofyounggirlsand assessed as a function of the aperture and compared to sound insulation. youngmenareintense.Apartfromthat,HVACsystems,lightingfixtures, Analyzingthoseparameterstogethergiveusefulinformationforthedesign announcement systems, and electronic devices increase the background ofpassiveventilationwithasignificantairflowwhenacousticperformance soundlevelandstudentscommunicatewitheachotherwithahighersound is an important issue.This paper aimsto detail performancesof common pressurelevel.Theconditionsofuseofthetrainingareasrequirehygiene curtainwallassemblies. andmaterialsresistanttovandalism.Thisnecessitatestheuseofhardand smooth material, which increases the RT of the interior spaces. Different 11:20 methodsarebeingsoughtforensuringthevalueofRTrequiredtoincrease D50,C80,andS/Nlevelinstudent-student-teachercommunicationinclass- 3aAAb6.Designandoptimizationofthesounddiffusersusingradialba- rooms.Forthispurpose,differentschoolswereobservedindifferentsizes, sis functions-based shapes and genetic algorithms. Ricardo Patraquim, coveredwithdifferentmaterialsandinteriormaterials,andRT,EDT,D50, LuisGodinho,andPaulo AmadoMendes (ISISE,Dept.CivilEng.,Univ. and C80 measurements, Lmax, Lmin, and Leq measurements were made. ofCoimbra,DEC/FCTUC-RuaLuisReisSantos,Coimbra3030-788,Por- Thestudiesshowthatcircularandrod-shapedopeningswithventilationpur- tugal,[email protected]) poseinthestudentcupboardsusedinthespaceshowswallowingcharacter- Sounddiffusersare a commontechnicalsolutionused in thelast four isticsatlowfrequenciesandtheyareworkingasarezonator.Inthisstudy, decadesforconditioningperformanceroomswithgreateracousticrequire- samplesfromdifferentclassroomsandfactorsaffectingindoorsoundqual- ments. A significant number of the acoustic diffusers commercially itywereevaluated. 3664 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3664 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM207,9:20A.M.TO12:00NOON Session3aAAc ArchitecturalAcoustics:AcousticRegulationsandClassificationofNewandRetrofittedBuildingsII BirgitRasmussen,Cochair SBi,DanishBuildingResearchInstitute,AalborgUniversityCopenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15, CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark JorgePatricio,Cochair LNEC,Av.doBrasil,101,Lisbon1700-066,Portugal DavidS.Woolworth,Cochair OxfordAcoustics,356CR102,Oxford,MS38655 ContributedPapers 9:20 Thepaperwillpresentthesetupinthetestsuite,andtheresultsofthestudy willbepresentedinarangeofacousticparameters,D ,STC,R’ andbe 3aAAc1.Determining“reasonable”levelsofsoundinsulationindomes- nT,w w assessedagainstarangeofcountriescurrentstandards. ticpropertiesforuseinbuildingregulations.RichardG.Mackenzie,Nic- ola Robertson (RMP Acoust., Edinburgh Napier Univ., 42 Colinton Rd., 9:40 Edinburgh,ScotlandEH105BT,UnitedKingdom,[email protected]. M 3aAAc2. A strategy for sustainable acoustic classification scheme of uk),andSeanSmith(Inst.forSustainableConstruction,EdinburghNapier A dwellings.MiomirMijic(SchoolofElec.Eng.,Univ.ofBelgrade,Bulevar Univ.,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom) KraljaAleksandra73,Belgrade11000,Serbia,[email protected]),Aleksandar E. U The Scottish Building Regulations, similar to other countries regula- Milenkovic,DanicaBoljevic(Acoust.Lab.,InstitutIMS,Belgrade,Serbia), T tions, provide standards for the protection of occupants health. Minimum andDraganaSumarac Pavlovic (Schoolof Elec.Eng.,Univ.of Belgrade, a sound insulation standards are provided to control noise passing through Belgrade,Serbia) 3 walls and floors from neighboring properties. In Scotland, the minimum ThenewlegislationinSerbiaforsoundinsulationinbuildings,currently standard should provide adequate protection for a “reasonable” person inpreparation,shouldintroduceforthefirsttimeanationalimplementation from “normal” living activities. This paper presents the findings of a ofdwellings’acousticclassification.Therearesomestructuralsystemsand research study undertaken by Edinburgh Napier University, to assess the buildingtypologythatarecommoninexistinghousingstock.Someofthem levelofsoundinsulationthattestsubjectswoulddeemtobe“reasonable” are causedbyseismicdemandsandsomebyarchitects’routines.Allthat forarangeofnoisesourcespassingthroughavarietyofconstructiontypes. introducedrealisticallyaccessiblerangeofapparentsoundreductionindex ThestudyundertakenwithintheUniversitiesauralizationsuiteassessedthe valuesatdifferentpositionsinexistingbuildings.Toachieveasustainable responses involving over 100 participants subjected to common domestic classificationschemeinpreparednewlegislationtheanalysisofsoundinsu- noisesourcespassingthroughseparatingstructures.Theparticipants were lation in existing buildings were performed and implications of possible given the ability to adjust the source noise level for each source type to boundary values between different classes on the housing stock acoustic determine the level of noise from their neighbor they would consider score were analyzed. Based on such approach, the suggestions concerned “reasonable”totolerate.Theparticipantsdeterminationswerecorrelatedto withtheclassificationschemeandclasslimitsarepresented. theequivalentsoundinsulationforeachsourceandconstructionassessed. InvitedPapers 10:00 3aAAc3.AcousticregulationsandclassificationofvarioustypesofbuildingsintheNordiccountries.SteindorGudmundsson(Ver- kisConsultingEngineersLtd.,Ofanleiti2,ReykjavikIS-103,Iceland,[email protected]) It is relatively well known that in the NordicCountries,there arenational classification standardsfor dwellings,and oneof the classes(classC)isreferredtointhebuildingregulationsasminimumacousticquality.InNorway,Iceland,andSweden,therearealso nationalacousticclassificationstandardsfordifferentothertypesofbuildings,andinNorwayandIceland,classCisreferredtoasmini- mumacousticqualityinthebuildingregulationsforthesebuildingsaswellasfordwellings.InSweden,theacousticqualityforthese buildingsisrecommended,butnotmandatory.Inthepaper,thedifferenttypesofpremisesforworkincludedinthestandardsaredis- cussedwithexamplesofsomeoftheacousticdemands.Theregulatedbuildingsincludeschools,kindergardens,hospitals,andnursing institutions.Hotelsandofficesarealsoincluded,andalsotheminimumsoundabsorptionandmaximumnoiselevelsinrestaurants,cul- tural,andsportsbuildingsandmanyotherdifferentpremisesforwork.Sometimesitisdecidednottouseonlytheminimumdemands, definedbyclassC,buttousethebetterqualitydefinedbyclassB(orevenclassA). 3665 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3665 10:20–10:40Break 10:40 3aAAc4.Experienceobtainedduringthetenyearsofthesoundclassificationpracticaluseforregulationbuildingacousticsin Lithuania.AleksandrasJagniatinskis,BorisFiks,andMariusMickaitis(VilniusGediminasTech.Univ.,Linkmenu28,Vilnius08217, Lithuania,[email protected]) Advantagesofapplicationthesoundclassificationschemeswereforeseeninthetwoapplications.Inthelegalregulation,thescheme expressesintheusersfriendlyandeasyunderstandableformprotectionagainstnoiserequirementsforthebuildings.Theschemeisalso atoolfordesignertoadvicecriteriaofthesuitableacousticcomfortinpremisesandalsotolabelbuildingsaccordingacousticquality. ClassificationschemeimplementedinLithuaniacomprisefiveacousticcomfortclasses—A,B,C,D,andE.Acousticalrequirements expressedbytheCsoundclasslimitvaluescorrespondtotheatleastacceptableacousticcomfortlevel.Thelowest(worst)soundclass isEandcompriselimitvaluescorrespondingtotheacousticalcomfortlevelinoldbuildingserectedundersoundinsulationrequirements existedbefore.Bythisreason,thestepinlimitvaluesbetweendifferentclassescannotbepermanentanddependsfromthechangesin acousticaldemandsduringthetime.Forenforcement,legalrequirementsexpressedthroughmandatorysoundclassCfornewdwellings andEforrenovatedbuildingsfrom2007pre-completingtestingbecomemandatory.Inthisapproach,moreimportantbecomesaguide- lineforverificationofcompliancewithanacousticclass. 11:00 3aAAc5.RevisionoftheSwedishsoundclassificationschemeforpremises.KristerLarsson(Bldg.Technology/Sound&Vibrations, RISERes.InstitutesofSweden,Box857,BorasSE-50115,Sweden,[email protected]) TheSwedishbuildingcodeputsrequirementsonnoiseprotectioninnewbuildings.Forresidentialbuildings,minimumrequirements aregivendirectlyinthebuildingcode,anddemandsforbetteracousticqualityaregiveninasoundclassingschemeaccordingtothe SwedishStandardSS25267,whichhasbeenrevisedin2015.Forpremises,suchasoffices,schools,orhotels,thebuildingcodedoes notcontainspecificquantifiedminimumrequirementsontheacousticproperties,butreferinsteadtothesoundclassingstandardSS 25268fortabulatedvalues.SoundclassCcorrespondstotheminimumrequirementsfornewbuildings,anddemandsforbetteracoustic qualityaregivenaccordingtoclassBorclassA.Thesoundclassingstandardforpremises,SS25268,iscurrentlyunderrevision,and duringthelastyears,theneedsforchangesandupdateshavebeencollectedincooperationwithstakeholdersandexperts.Thepaper presentsthemotivationsfortherevisionandthestatusofthework.Ideasformajorrevisionsarebeingdiscussedsuchassuggestionsfor improvedroomacousticrequirementsinschools,aswellassoundinsulationandacousticcomfortinopenplanoffices. 11:20 3aAAc6.Apilotstudyonacousticregulationsforofficebuildings—ComparisonbetweenselectedcountriesinEurope.BirgitRasmus- sen(SBi,DanishBldg.Res.Inst.,AalborgUniv.Copenhagen,A.C.MeyersVænge15,CopenhagenSV2450,Denmark,[email protected]) AcousticregulationsorguidelinesforofficebuildingsarefoundinseveralcountriesinEurope.Themainreasonistoensuresatisfac- toryacousticworkingconditionsforthevarioustasksandactivitiestakingplaceinthemanydifferentkindsofroomsinsuchbuildings. Examplesofroomtypesareoffices,meetingrooms,open-planoffices,corridors,receptionareas,diningareas,allwithdifferentacoustic needs.Somecountriesspecifyafewacousticlimitvaluesonly,whileothersdefineseveraldifferentcriteria,guidelinesonly,oracombina- tionofrequirementsandguidelines.Asapilotstudy,comparisonbetweenrequirementsinselectedcountriesinEuropehasbeencarried out.Thefindingsshowadiversityoflimitvaluesforacousticrequirements.Thepaperincludesexamplesofrequirementsforreverberation time,airborneandimpactsoundinsulation,noisefromtrafficandfromserviceequipment.Examplesofguidelineswillalsobepresented. Thediscrepanciesbetweencountriesarebeingdiscussed,andsomeprioritiesforadjustingacousticregulationswillbegiven.Inadditionto asetofregulationsorguidelines,somecountrieshaveofficebuildingsincludedinnationalacousticclassificationstandardswithdifferent acousticqualitylevels.Thepaperwillindicateexamplesofsuchclassificationcriteriaforcomparisonwithacousticregulations. ContributedPaper 11:40 possibledifferencesofacousticinsulationonaresidentialfac¸adeovertime,an experimental study was developed in LNEC. The experimental work was 3aAAc7.Acousticbehavioroffacades:Acousticisolationversusairper- basedonasetofacousticandairpermeabilitytestsconsideringseveralopen- meability. Diogo M. Ferreira (Engenharia Cvil, Faculdade de Ci^encias e ingareas,between0,5cm2and250cm2,inagiventestwindow.Theresults TecnologiadaUniversidadedeLisboaFCT-UNL,RuadoCasal,n(cid:2)291(cid:2)B, obtainedallowtoevaluateinwhichdirectionthesoundinsulationversusair Cac(cid:2)em2735-354,Portugal,[email protected]) permeability can parameterize the performance of the facades of buildings, Today,theacousticcomfortofdwellingsisrevealedasaveryimportant andwhatisitsrelationshiptothewell-beingofresidents.Forthe0.5and1 factorinthecontextofoverallcomfortofitsinhabitants.Forthiscomfort,it cm2areasofaperture,noacousticorairpermeabilitydifferenceswerefound contributesveryimportantlythesoundinsulationthatthefacadesofbuildings inrelationtothereferencevalues,assumingthatthisscenariodoesnotcause canprovide.Sincethefacadescompriseofanopaqueportionandatranslucent anysignificantvariationinahousingfac¸ade.For thelasttwoareasstudied portion,thelatterwillbemorerelevanttothesoundinsulationthatthefacade (200and250cm2),inacousticandairpermeabilityterms,itisconcludedthat, elementprovides,whichisinfluencedbythewindowitself,asbytheopenings fortheseareas,thescenarioissimilartothatofanopenwindowduetothe andairpermeabilityassociatedwith.Inordertoevaluatetheinfluenceofthe highlossofsoundinsulationandthelowairpermeability. 3666 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3666 TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM313,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. Session3aAB AnimalBioacoustics:ComparativeBioacoustics:SessioninHonorofRobertDoolingI MichealL.Dent,Cochair Psychology,UniversityatBuffalo,SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260 AmandaLauer,Cochair Otolaryngology-HNS,JohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,515Traylor,720RutlandAve.,Baltimore,MD21205 Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAB1.Perceptualperseveranceinapasserinewithpermanentpapillarimpairment.AmandaLauer(Otolaryngology-HNS,Johns HopkinsUniv. School of Medicine, 515 Traylor, 720 Rutland Ave., Baltimore,MD 21205, [email protected]) and Robert Dooling (Psych.,Univ.ofMaryland,CollegePark,MD) TheBelgianWaterslagercanaryisuniqueforitsloud,low-pitchedsongwhichisaccompaniedbyahereditarypathologyinvolving M missinganddamagedhaircellsinthebasalendofthepapilla.Thesebirdswerebeenbredforhundredsofyearsforloud,low-pitched A song.Breederslikelyselectedforhighfrequencyhearingloss.Inspitehaircellregeneration,thepapillaeinthesebirdsneverapproaches E. that of normal-hearing canaries. Auditory nerve and brainstem responses are also diminished, and auditory brainstem nuclei show U reducedcellsize.Andthesebirdsshowasuiteofpsychoacousticdeficitsconsistentwithimpairedactiveprocessingasseeninhumans T withhearingloss.Itisratherremarkable,then,thatBelgianWaterslagersareabletolearn,discriminate,andproducecomplex,species- a 3 specificsoundswithsuchimpairedfrequencyselectivityandphaseprocessing.Thisfeat,inthepresenceofsevereperipheralauditory damage,underscorestheimportanceoftemporalinformationintheavianauditoryperceptionandvocallearning.Theobviousgenetic basisofthispathologyplacestheBelgianWaterslagercanaryinanotheruniquepositionofbeingtheonlynonhumanorganismwhich mustnavigatethroughvocaldevelopmentandvocallearninginthefaceofaninheriteddevelopmentalperipheralauditorypathology. 9:40 3aAB2. Cormorant audiograms under water and in air. Ole N. Larsen (Biology, Univ. of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odernse M 5230, Denmark, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard, Alyssa Maxwell, Kirstin A. Hansen, and Magnus Wahlberg(Biology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark) Littleisknownaboutunderwaterhearingabilitiesofdivingbirds.Tohelpfillthisgapwemeasuredaudiogramsofcormorants(Pha- lacrocorax carbo) using two different methods. Wild-caught cormorant fledglings were anesthetized and their auditory brainstem responses(ABR)toclicksandtoneburstsweremeasured;firstinananechoicboxinairandtheninalargewater-filledtankwiththeir headandnecksubmerged.Inaddition,audiogramswereobtainedfromtwoadultcormorantsusingthepsychophysicalmethodofcon- stantstimulibothinairandunderwater.Theshapeofaudiogramsobtainedfromin-airABR-recordingswassimilartothatreportedfor birdsofsimilarsize.Thehighestsensitivityinairwasfoundatabout2kHz,whilethemostsensitiveresponsewasatabout1kHzunder- water. In general, the audiograms obtained from psychophysical measurements were similar to the ABR audiograms but had much highersensitivitythantheABRaudiograms.Theresultsfrombothmethodssuggestthatcormorantshaveratherpoorin-airhearingcom- paredtosimilar-sizedbirds.Theirunderwaterhearingsensitivity,however,ishigherthanwhatwouldhavebeenexpectedforpurelyair- adaptedears,anditislikelythatcormorantsusetheirunderwaterhearingabilitiesduringforagingdives. 10:00 3aAB3.Studiesofrhythmicsynchronizationinavianvocallearnersusingoperantconditioningmethods.YoshimasaSeki(Aichi Univ., 1-1 Machihata-machi, Toyohashi 4418018, Japan, [email protected]) and Kazuo Okanoya (The Univ. of Tokyo, Meguro-ku,Japan) Researchershavearguedthatnon-humananimalsexhibitasenseofrhythm.BudgerigarsandBengalesefinchesweretrainedtopeck akeyiterativelyinresponsetometronomicstimuliusinganoperantconditioningmethod.PecktiminginBudgerigarswasdistributed aroundthestimulusonsetofthemetronome,suggestingthebirdssynchronizedtheirbodymovementtotherhythmofthemetronome. However,pecktiminginfinchesappearedtocorrespondtoanestimatedreactiontime,suggestingthatpeckresponseswereamerereac- tiontothemetronomestimuli.Next,budgerigarsweretrainedtopecktwokeysalternativelywithoutanymetronomicstimuli,sothat peckingofthekeyswasself-paced.Metronomicsoundswerecreatedtomatchtheintervalsoftheself-pacedpecking.Additionalmetro- nomicstimuliwerecreatedtobe10%faster,10%slower,and20%slowerthantheoriginalself-pacedmetronomestimuliforeachbird. 3667 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3667 Thesespeduporsloweddownmetronomicsoundswereplayedbackinthebackgroundoftheself-pacedpeckingtask.Inthisexperi- ment,rhythmicsynchronizationwasnotobserved;however,onebirdexhibitedshorterpeckingintervalsforthefastermetronomeand longerintervalsfortheslowermetronome,suggestingthatthemetronomicstimuliinfluencedpecktiminginthisbirdintheabsenceof training. 10:20 3aAB4.Elaboratenetworkofavianintracranialair-filledcavitiesanditspotentialroleinhearing.KennethK.Jensen(Starkey Hearing Technologies, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889, [email protected]), Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard (Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark,OdenseM,Denmark),andOleN.Larsen(Inst.ofBiology,Univ.ofSouthernDenmark, OdernseM,Denmark) Manyavianspeciespossessanintracranialair-filledpassage,directlyconnectingthemedialsurfacesofthetympanicmembranes, calledtheinterauralcanal.Itisknowntogreatlyimprovedirectionalhearingbypassiveacousticsinsmallanimalswheretheexternal interauraldelayistoominutetoallowtemporalneuralcoding.Forlong,theavianinterauralcanalwasassumedtobeasimplecylindri- calcavity.Contrarytothis,wediscoveredthroughCTscansandothertechniquesthatmanybirds(e.g.,zebrafinchesandpigeons)doin facthavearatherelaboratesystemofinterconnectedair-filledcavitiesthroughouttheentireskull.Thecavitiescommunicatedirectlyor indirectlywiththetympanicmembranes.Howdoesthisnetworkaffectthedirectionalhearinginbirds?Ononehand,itmaysimplybe anadaptationtoflightandplaylittleornoroleinhearing.Ontheotherhand,theoreticalconsiderationssuggestthatthedirectional responsemaybeoptimizedthroughfrequencydependent“tuning”ofattenuationandphaseshiftthroughtheinterauralcanal.Inthis talk,wewillfirstpresenttheanatomy,thenpresentsomepreliminarydirectionalresponsesfromzebrafinchears,andfinallydiscuss futuredirectionsandconsiderationsforwhatmaybethefunctionalinterauralcanalinbirds. 10:40 3aAB5.Psychophysicalbasisforfinite-statesongsyntaxinBengalesefinches.KazuoOkanoya(LifeSci.,TheUniv.ofTokyo,3-8-1 Komaba,Meguro-ku153-8902,Japan,[email protected]) Bengalesefincheshavebeendomesticatedfor250yearsinJapanfromwildwhite-rumpedmuniasoriginallyimportedfromChina. Bengalesefinchesweredomesticatedforparentalbehaviorandwhitecolormorphs,butnotforsongs.Nevertheless,Bengalesefinches singcomplexsongs:2-5songnoteswerechunkedandchunksareorganizedintofinite-statesyntax.Songdurationindicatesphysicalfit- nessofthebirdandsongcomplexitystimulatesfemalereproductivebehavior.WeexaminedsequentialexpertizesinBengalesefinches usingbehavioralprocedures.Inaclickdetectiontask,birdsweretrainedtopeckwhentheyheardashortclickembeddedinachunkor betweenchunks.Reactiontimeswerelongerintheformercases.Inaflash-songinterruptiontask,songterminationoccurredmoreoften whentheflashwasgivenbetweenchunks.Thesedataaresuggestiveoftheperceptualandmotorrealityofchunkstructures.Inaserial reaction time task, birds where trained to peck horizontally arranged keys in certain order. Male birds learned the task better than females,suggestingthatsongmotorcontrolcapacitymaybeutilizedothermotordomainsaswell.However,abstractrulelearningby auditorydiscriminationwasnotpossible,suggestingthatthesequentialexpertizesmaybelimitedonthemotordomain. 11:00 3aAB6.Mousepsychoacoustics:Notjustre-Doolingthebirdpsychoacousticsresearch.MichealL.Dent(Psych.,Univ.atBuffalo, SUNY,B76ParkHall,Buffalo,NY14260,[email protected]) ThecleverartistWillieNelsononcesaid“theearlybirdgetsthewormbutthesecondmousegetsthecheese.”WhileWilliewasnot likelyreferringtoanimalpsychoacoustics,thequoteeasilyappliestothehistoricaltrajectoryofthefield.Foryears,birdsservedasapri- marymodelforhumanhearing.Manyspecieswerealreadydomesticated.Theywereknowntobevocallearners.Thehearingabilities ofnumerousspeciesofbirdsweresimilartohumans.Finally,birdscouldbequicklytrainedusingoperantconditioningproceduresand positivereinforcement.RobertDoolingwasapioneerofthesetechniquesandresultsfromhislaboratorywereinstrumentalforbirds beingusedasmodelsforhumanauditoryprocessingfordecades.Withthedevelopmentofthemousegenomein2002,however,many researchersturnedtheirfocusinsteadtowardsthesesmallmammalsasresearchmodels.Geneticallyengineeredstrainsofmicemimick- inghumandisorderscouldbeeasilydevelopedandstudied,butunfortunately,thebasichearingandcommunicationabilitiesofmice werelargelyunknown,limitingtheirutilityasmodels.SuccessfulbutnumerousadaptationsofDooling’sbehavioralmethodshavebeen recentlymadetomeasureauditoryacuityinmicetomeasuretheperceptionofbothsimplestimuliandcomplexvocalizations. 11:20 3aAB7.Vocalproduction,auditoryperception,andsignalactivespaceinanopenhabitatspecialist,theGrasshopperSparrow. BernardLohr(Dept.ofBiologicalSci.,Univ.ofMarylandBaltimoreCounty,1000HilltopCircle,Baltimore,MD21250,blohr@umbc. edu) GrasshopperSparrowsarespecialistsinopengrasslandhabitatsandfaceacousticchallengesnormallyassociatedwiththathabitattype. Theyproduceseveraltypesofcallsandtwodistincttypesofsong,allofwhicharehigh-pitchedforsongbirds(6—10kHz).Theprimary territorialsong,alsoknownasthe“buzz”song,consistsof3or4briefintroductorynotesfollowedbyahigh-pitched,rapidlymodulated trill.Thefunctionofthesecondarysongtype,or“warble”song,remainsunknown,butdatafromautonomousrecordingunitsdemonstrates acorrelationwithpairingstatusandbreedingcycletiming.OperantdiscriminationtestswithGrasshopperSparrowsshowabroaderaudio- gramandextendedhighfrequencyauditorylimitwhencomparedwithothersmallsongbirds,suggestingthatthesebirds,andpotentially relatedspeciesaswell,haveevolvedawiderspectralrangeofauditorysensitivityinthishabitattype.Auditorydetectionanddiscrimina- tionthresholdswereusedtoexploretheactivespaceandcommunicationdistancesofthisspecies’vocalizationsusingahabitatbioacous- ticsmodelincorporatingitsnormalterritorialbehavior.Resultssuggestthatsongscanbedetecteduptothreeterritoriesawayfromthe singer,butthatbirdsmayhavedifficultydiscriminatingbetweendifferentconspecificsongsmorethantwoterritoriesaway. 3668 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3668 ContributedPapers 11:40 12:00 3aAB8.Saliencyoftemporalfinestructureinzebrafinchvocalizations. 3aAB9.Micro-scalehabitatuseofhumpbackwhalesaroundMauiNui, NoraH.Prior,EdwardSmith,GregoryF.Ball,andRobertDooling(Biology Hawaii. Anke K€ugler (Hawaii Inst. of Marine Biology, Univ. of Hawaii Psych., Univ. of Maryland, 4094 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, Manoa,2525CorreaRd.HIG132,Honolulu,HI96822,akuegler@hawaii. [email protected]) edu)andMarcLammers(HawaiiInst.ofMarineBiology,Univ.ofHawaii Manoa,Kaneohe,HI) Previous work has shown that birds. in general, and zebra finches. in particular, have remarkable sensitivity to temporal fine structure (TFS). Each winter, thousands of North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera While spectral, envelope, and TFS cues are present in vocalizations, TFS novaeangliae)migratefromtheirhighlatitudefeedinggroundsinAlaskato hasbeenlargelyignoredsincesonographic,andnottimewaveform,analy- mate and calve in the shallow tropical waters around the Main Hawaiian seshavebeenthemainstayinbioacoustics.However,birds’impressivesen- Islands.PreviousstudiesonhumpbackwhalesinHawaiihavefocusedonthe sitivity to TFS raises the question of whether behaviorally relevant whales’acousticbehaviorandtheirgeneraldistributionwithintheislands,but informationiscarriedwithintheTFS.Indeed,zebrafincheshaveatleast10 littleisknownaboutsmall-scalehabitatpreferences.OfftheislandofMaui, calltypesthatbothmalesandfemalesuseinsophisticatedwaystocoordi- anecdotalreportsfromcommercialoperatorsandresearcherstellofclusters nate activities. Furthermore, zebra finch vocalizations are typically com- ofwhaleswithinthebreedingarea.However,toourknowledge,nostudies posed of harmonic stacks, rich in TFS. Here, we isolated and described have been conducted to examine the phenomenon of micro-scale aggrega- patternsintheTFSbetweenandwithinindividualsfordifferentcalltypes tions.ApilotstudyusingpassiveacousticmonitoringwithEcologicalAcous- andconstructedteststimulifromthesepatternsofTFSforpsychoacoustic ticRecorders(EARs)wasconductedfromJanuarythroughearlyMarch2016 experiments. Demonstrating TFS sensitivity within natural stimuli would atthreesitesoffMaui,usingmalesingersasaproxyforrelativewhaleabun- argue for the increasing salience of TFS for real-life communication in dance. Root-mean-square sound pressure levels (SPLs) were calculated to birds.[WorksupportedbyaNIDCDT32DC000046-16toNHP.] comparelowfrequencyacousticenergy(0-1kHz)betweenthedifferentsites. Preliminary results indicate that singers alternate between the two farthest sites.Further,differentdielpatternsinsongactivitywhereobservedamong thesites.Theseresultssuggestatleastsomedegree ofvariablespatialand temporalhabitatuseandthatfurthermonitoringiswarranted. M A TUESDAYMORNING,27JUNE2017 ROOM310,9:15A.M.TO12:20P.M. E. U T a Session3aAO 3 AcousticalOceanographyandUnderwaterAcoustics:AcousticMeasurementsofSedimentTransportand Near-BottomStructuresI JamesLynch,Cochair WoodsHoleOceanographic,MS#11,Bigelow203,WoodsHole,MA02543 PeterD.Thorne,Cochair MarinePhysicsandOceanClimate,NationalOceanographyCentre,NationalOceanographyCentre,JoesphProudman Building,6BrownlowStreet,LiverpoolL35DA,UnitedKingdom Chair’sIntroduction—9:15 InvitedPapers 9:20 3aAO1. Perspectives of ongoing acoustic developments for measuring sediment dynamics. Peter D. Thorne (Joseph Proudman Bldg.,NationalOceanogr.Ctr.,6BrownlowSt.,Liverpool,MerseysideL35DA,UnitedKingdom,[email protected])andDavidHurther (Lab.ofGeophysicalandIndustrialFlows(LEGI),CNRSUMR5519,Grenoble,France) Sedimententrainment,transport,anddepositionoverbedformscanbehighlydynamicwithstrongspatiallytemporalvariability.To probethemulti-scaledprocessesofsedimenttransport,therehasbeencontinuingdevelopmentsofinstrumentationtoobtainhighresolu- tionmeasurementsofnear-bedsedimentdynamics.Suchobservationsareusedforboththedevelopmentandassessmentofprocess basedsedimenttransportmodeling.Here,resultsarereportedfromstudiesondevelopinghighresolutionacousticinstruments,deployed to make co-located observations of bedforms, the near-bed and suspended concentration fields, and the horizontal and vertical 3669 J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,Vol.141,No.5,Pt.2,May2017 Acoustics’17Boston 3669

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The ear then is a window into the evolutionary push-pull . 10:20. 3aAAa4. The shape of sound. Hyun Paek and Gary W. Siebein (Siebein . patented smart phonometric device with a warning light activation of exceeding of .. likely referring to animal psychoacoustics, the quote easily applies to the
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