Trilingual Dictionary (Tamil-English-Bengali)

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TRILINGUAL DICTIONARY
(Tamil-English-Bengali)
(For Learners')
Compiled By
Late Prof. Ranganayaki Mahapatra
Prof. P. Bhanumathi
Prof. Sukla Chakrabarti
♦ / CENTRAL
♦
J LIBRARY
V
Department of Tamil Studies
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
Trilingual Dictionary
(Tamil-English-Bengali)
(For Learners')
©Authors
First Published: January, 2012
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The Dictionary Team
Board of Directors
Prof. Suranjan Das
(Vice-Chancellor, University of Calcutta)
Prof. Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay
(Pro-Vi cc-Chanccllor For Academic, University of Calcutta)
Prof. Mamata Ray
(Pro-Vice-Chancellor For Business Aflairs and Finance)
Prof. Basab Chaudhury
(Registrar, University of Calcutta)
Prof. Sanjukia Dasgupta
(Dean, Faculty of Arts, University of Calcutta)
(iii)
Lexicographers
Late Prof. Ranganayaki Mahapatra
Prof. P. Bhanumathi
Prof. Sukla Chakrabarti
Editors
Mr. S. Krishnamoorthy
(Translator, Sahitya Academy)
Prof. P. Bhanumathi
Prof. Sukla Chakrabarti
(Department ofTamil Studies, University of Calcutta)
Expert Committee
Prof. Bistwanath Ray
(Department ofBengali, University of Calcutta)
Late Prof. Subhadra Kumar Sen ,
(Department oflinguisdcs. University of Calcutta]. '
Department of Tamil Studies
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA
(iv)
Foreword
The rich antiquity of the Tamil language, literature and
culture is universally acclaimed. As a language Tamil is used
predominantly by the Dravidian people but it is enthusiastically
studied as part of academic courses both in Indian universities
and global universities. In 2004, the government of India
recognized Tamil as a classical language. Tamil is the state
language of Tamil Nadu, it is also an official language in Sri
Lanka and Singapore. In fact, Tamil language, literature and
culture have travelled to all parts of the world via the increasing
numbers of the Tamil diaspora that negotiates the cultural values
of their location of origin and the world. Therefore the endeavour
of the Dept, of Tamil Studies become more pertinent not because
it can promote multilingualism in India but can also bring
together the Indian diaspora who otherwise seem to be islands
in a stream, confined to their singular regional cultures.
It gives me great pleasure in' registering my appreciation of
the excellent academic initiatives of the Dept, of Tamil Studies,
Calcutta University. Since 1992, the Dept, of Tamil Studies has
published six very useful and scholarly volumes dealing with
Tamil as a language teaching programme. These are Tamil-
Script and Sound (1992), A Pedagogical Dictionary of (written)
Tamil verbs (1995), Tamil- self-taught (1998), A workbook for
Tamil self-taught (2000), A Multilingual Reader for spoken
Tamil (2000), A Handbook of Spoken Tamil-Bengali Reader
(2008).
The current volume Tri-Iingual Dictionary (Tamil-English-
Bengali) (for learners') is truly path-breaking as it is the first
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such volume that provides many useful lexical data to beginners
and advanced learners as well, far ahead of the scope and span
of the dictionaries that are now available. '
The Dept, of Tamil Studies has remained admirably
productive since its inception and has foregrounded the excellence
of the Tamil language, recognized as a prestigious classical
language of India. The need to preserve, promote and publicize
the ethnic languages of the world has been widely felt in the
Depts of ethnic languages and literature and therefore I strongly
feel that the initiative of the Dept, of Tamil studies is a step in
the right direction.
Sanjukta Dasgupta
December, 2011 Dean, Faculty of Arts
Professor, Dept of English
Calcutta University
(vi)
Preface
The Department of Tamil studies now enjoys the pleasure of
bringing out its latest production Tri-Lingual Dictionary (Tamil-
English-Bengali) (for learners')', the first of its kind.
From the very inception the Department has regularly been
publishing dictionary, language teaching books and books on
comparative studies. Some of the important publications of the
Department have been mentioned by Prof. Bhanumathi in her
introductory note. She has also mentioned in details the
methodology of the entries made in this dictionary. For the
benefit of the learners the dictionary is enriched with the
universal, as well as connotative, figurative and idiomatic
expressions of each entry. I hope dictionary will be of immense
help to the non-Tamil students learning Tamil.
The Department will not be able to bring this dictionary
into light without the financial assistance extended by this
University. In this opportunity I, on behalf of the Department,
express gratitude to the Vice-chancellor, Pro-Vice-chancellor
(Academic), Pro-Vice-chancellor (Business Affairs and Finance)
and the Registrar, University of Calcutta, for their kind
encouragement, guidance and co-operation.
Departmental Teachers' heartfelt thanks to Dr. Sanjukta
Dasgupta, Dean of Arts Faculty and Professor, Department of
English, University of Calcutta, for writing a foreword to this
dictionary despite her very tight schedule. Our special thanks
to Mr. S. Krishnamoorthy for editing the Dictionary and to
Mr. Bilash Hazra of Modern Printers for the neat and impressive
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printing of the Dictionary. Prof. P. Bhanumathi, teacher of our
Department also deserves thanks for her valued Introduction.
We also extend our thanks to all of them whose inspiration
and encouragement enthused us to undertake the preparation
of this Dictionary.
Our endeavour will be fruitful and a success if'the learners
and users of this dictionary find it suitable for them.
Sukla Chakrabarti
January, 2012 Professor & Head
Department of Tamil Studies
University of Calcutta
(viii)
Introduction
The Department of Tamil studies of the University of
Calcutta, besides its teaching work has undertaken various
projects covering mainly three areas namely (1) Comparative
study of the Tamil Literature with other Indian Literatures, (2)
Preparation of language teaching aids to teach written and spoken
Tamil to non-Tamils, (3) Translation of classic and modern
Tamil literature into Bengali and viceversa.
As a part of the language teaching programme, the
Department has brought out systematic publications.
1. Tamil-script and sound—1992.
2. A pedagogical Dictionary of (written) Tamil verbs—1995.
3. Tamil-self taught—1998.
4. A workbook for Tamil for self taught—2000.
5- A Multilingual Reader for spoken Tamil—2000.
6. A Handbook of spoken Tamil-Bengali Reader—2008,
The present volume, Trilingual Dictionary (Tamil-English-
Bengali) (for learners') is published with the purpose of
providing an authentic source of information, to the learners of
Tamil A Learners Dictionary gives more information to a learner
than an ordinary dictionary does. The information may be
grammatical, semantic or usage pedagogy. More the information
given, more will be the use of the dictionary for a learners.
More and different learning aids are needed to promote
multilingualism in India. This dictionary and other publications
of the Department of Tamil Studies on language teaching arc
aids to promote multilingualism in India. The Department is
happy and proud in bringing out this dictionary for the benefit
of learners to fulfil a national need.
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ENTRY INFORMATIONS
Words belonging to different grammatical categories namely
noun, verb, adjective, adverb etc. are given separate entry. Each
entry is followed by its pronunciation in phonetic scripts,
grammatical information, meaning in English and Bengali and
contextual usages, wherever necessary.
Words with same spelling but with completely unrelated
meaning are alloted separate entry.
e.g. n. L blow, stroke 2. injury.
n. 1. foot (of the leg), 2. foot step,
3. one foot, (measure) 4. bottom, lowest part, root,
n. line of a verse.
Words, having the same spelling, but belonging to different
grammatical category form separate head word.
e.g. 1. n. v. II. a., n.
e.g. 2. v, ^4, aux. v., n., interj.
When there are multiple meanings for an entry, each meaning
is given a number individually.
e.g. <®)ani_ v. II. b. 1. get, obtain 2. reach 3. get cleaned up
(as loans).
Noun entry :
The following grammatical informations are given for a noun
entry.
(i) Sandhi rules.
e.g. 1. qj bef. v. <®)«ffirraiir<u
e.g. 2. i£j bef. v. ^asanpemLi
e.g. 3. final U dropped bef. v. (Lpgj^ld)
(ii) When a word undergoes morphs-phonemic changes before
taking a case marker the oblique form is given e.g. ^aeoib ;
obi.
(iii) Dative case marker is given as there are more than one
dative case marker in Tamil like kkU, aRkU, UkkU/iRkU.
(iv) If a word undergoes morpho-phonemic change before
taking plural'marker the full form is given, e.g. ; pi. + gal,
«