Trike Aeros-2 BMW

46 Pages·2007·3.54 MB·English

Aeros-2/Cross Country
ultralight

OWNER /SERVICE MANUAL

Wing: PROFI

Engine: BMW R 1150 RS

Manufactured by:

AEROS Ltd Tel: [phone]
Post-Volynskaya St.5 Fax: [phone]
Kiev 03061 E-mail: [email protected]
UKRAINE http://www.aeros.com.ua
CONTENTS
1 GENERAL INFORMATION
2 LIMITATIONS
3 ULTRALIGHT & SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION
4 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
5 ULTRALIGHT ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES
6 FLIGHT PREPARATION
7 ULTRALIGHT FLYING
8 DE-RIGGING PROCEDURE
9 PERFORMANCE
10 HANDLING SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
11 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the Aeros-2/Cross Country ultralight.

The Aeros-2/Cross Country ultralight is an advanced product of Aeros Ltd. It has been developed to provide the
economy and durability combined with maximum safety and comfort.
The success of our ultralights based upon a high standard of product quality, innovative design
engineering and exceptional standards of reliability and performance that have been established since
1991.

Please read and be sure you thoroughly understand this manual before operating your Aeros-2/Cross Country
ultralight. Be sure you are thoroughly familiar with the ultralight and the contents of this manual before initial
operation.

Regular maintenance is required to keep your ultralight in a safe condition. Maintenance
requirements are outlined in the Wing maintenance and Trike maintenance sections of this Manual. Please reference
these sections to ensure your ultralight is maintained correctly.

The operating procedures outlined in this Manual are the result of Aeros knowledge and experience gained since
1991.

Aeros data packages will be revised from time to time. It is therefore important that you visit us regularly at
http://www.aeros.com.ua

In case of any doubts or questions contact your local dealers or Aeros.

We wish you a safe and enjoyable flying career.

Aeros Ltd.
AMENDMENT RECORD SHEET

Amendment Date Affected Sections Affected Pages Date Inserted Signature
1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Symbols Abbreviations and Terminology
In this Manual:
CG means the centre of gravity.
IAS means the airspeed indicated on the cockpit mounted airspeed indicator.
Landing Approach Speed means the airspeed that allows control in turbulence, wind gradient or sudden engine
failure during landing.
Maneuvering Speed means the indicated airspeed above which the pilot may not make full or abrupt control
movements.
QNH means the pressure setting, that if set on the subscale of a sensitive altimeter, will cause the altimeter to
indicate the correct local altitude above mean sea level.
Stall Speed means the indicated airspeed at which an uncontrolled downward pitching motion of the ultralight
occurs or the forward control bar limit is reached.
Take Off Safety Speed means the airspeed that allows control in turbulence, wind gradient or sudden engine
failure during the climb following take-off.
Trim Speed means the indicated airspeed at which the ultralight remains in a stabilized condition without pilot
input.
Trike in this Manual means fuselage of the weight shift controlled powered aircraft with a power plant and a
tricycle undercarriage.
Ultralight in this Manual means weight shift controlled powered aircraft with tricycle base (trike) and a flex wing.
VNE means the indicated airspeed that the ultralight is never to exceed.

1.2 Definitions
Definitions used in this Manual such as WARNING, CAUTION and NOTE are employed in the following context:

WARNING
OPERATING PROCEDURES, TECHNIQUES, ETC. WHICH IF NOT FOLLOWED CORRECTLY, MAY
RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

CAUTION
OPERATING PROCEDURES, TECHNIQUES, ETC. WHICH IF NOT STRICTLY OBSERVED, MAY
RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE ULTRALIGHT OR ITS INSTALLED EQUIPMENT

NOTE
Operating procedures, techniques, etc. which it is considered essential to highlight.

WARNING
THE OWNER AND OPERATOR MUST UNDERSTAND THAT DUE TO INHERENT RISK INVOLVED
IN FLYING A MICROLIGHT/ULTRALIGHT/TRIKE/POWERED HANG GLIDER, NO WARRANTY IS
MADE OR IMPLIED, OF ANY KIND, AGAINST ACCIDENTS, BODILY INJURY OR DEATH OTHER
THAN THOSE, WHICH CANNOT BE EXCLUDED BY LAW.
THE SAFE OPERATION OF THIS ULTRALIGHT RESTS WITH YOU, THE PILOT.
WE BELIEVE THAT IN ORDER TO FLY SAFELY YOU MUST MATURELY PRACTICE
AIRMANSHIP.
OPERATIONS OUTSIDE THE RECOMMENDED FLIGHT ENVELOPE SUCH AS AEROBATIC
MANOEUVRES OR ERRATIC PILOT TECHNIQUE MAY ULTIMATELY PRODUCE EQUIPMENT
FAILURE. YOU ARE REFERRED TO THE OPERATING LIMITATIONS IN SECTION 2 OF THIS
MANUAL
THE SETTING UP AND BREAKING DOWN OF A MICROLIGHT/ULTRALIGHT/TRIKE/POWERED
HANG GLIDER, TRANSPORTATION AND FLYING WILL HAVE AN EFFECT OVER TIME ON ITS
STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY.
THE ULTRALIGHT WILL REQUIRE MAINTENANCE AS OUTLINED IN THE APPLICABLE
MAINTENANCE MANUALS.
LIKE ANY ULTRALIGHT, SAFETY DEPENDS ON A COMBINATION OF CAREFUL MAINTENANCE
AND YOUR ABILITY TO FLY INTELLIGENTLY AND CONSERVATIVELY.
WE HOPE THAT YOUR ULTRALIGHT WILL PROVIDE YOU WITH MANY HOURS OF SAFE AND
ENJOYABLE FLYING
1.3 Two View Photos

1.4 General Dimensions

DIMENSIONS METRIC IMPERIAL
Wing span 10.0 m 32.8 ft
Wing area 14.5 sq m 155.9 sq ft
Aspect ratio 6.9
Wing weight (without bag) 51 kg 113 lbs
Wing length (packed) m ft
Wing length (short packed) m ft
Trike width 1.9 m 6.22 ft
Trike length 2.75 m 9 ft
Wheel track 1.65 m 5.41 ft
Wheel base 1.67 m 5.48 ft
Trike height (without wing) 2.57 m 8.43 ft
Cockpit width 0.8 m 2.62 ft
Overall height (control bar fwd) 3.65 m 11.97 ft

1.5 General Description

1.5.1 Trike
The Aeros-2/Cross Country trike is a two seat (in line) weight shift controlled ultralight. A BMW R 1150 RS four-
stroke engine producing 95 HP powers the base. It is attached to the wing by way of a universal joint which allows
the free movement of the trike in pitch and roll by which control is affected. The trike includes the tricycle
undercarriage, power plant and cockpit.
The engine is mounted to the engine platform at the base of the engine. The fuel tank is mounted beneath the engine
platform.
The pilot cockpit is designed to allow for various size pilots.
The cockpit has a windscreen for improved wind deflection.

1.5.2 Wing
The Profi wing is the result of continued refinement of Aeros trike wings over the years since 1991. The wing is
designed for two-seater trikes. It is the result of an extensive design and development program aimed at optimizing
your level of safety and satisfaction as a pilot, through high performance and strength of construction.
This wing is safely controllable and stable at a wide range of operating speeds. The strength of the wing is
sufficient for different conditions of flight with defined load. It is very stable, and has been designed primarily for
cross-country flying.
The Profi sail has several cloth and Velcro shear ribs, which combined with an excellent sail fit,
produces a wing that has light handling and very comfortable in turbulence. The battens ends are designed to be
adjustable to vary tension for tuning the wing. The batten mechanism allows effortless installation and removal the
battens.
An airfoiled aluminium section is used for the down tubes and king post to achieve minimum drag.
1.5.3 Ultralight
The Aeros-2/Cross Country combined with the Profi wing has proven to be an excellent combination. The total fuel
capacity is 54 litres and combined with the BMW R 1150 RS delivering a smooth 95 HP allows long cross country
flights.

2. LIMITATIONS

2.1 General
The limitations section of this Manual outlines the various operating limitations, instrument function and
placards necessary for the safe operation of this ultralight, engine and standard equipment.

2.2 Airspeed Limitations

SPEED km/h mph COMMENTS
Vne (never exceed speed) 135 84 Do not exceed this speed in any
operation
Va (maximum 100 63 Do not make full or abrupt control
maneuvering speed) movements above this speed

2.3 Power Plant Limitations
2.3.1 Engine
Manufacturer: BMW,aviaconversion-Take Off GmbH
Model: BMW R 1150 RS (4 Stroke)
Gearbox ratio: 3.5
WARNING:
This is non-certified aircraft engine , the possibility of engine failure exists at all time.Do not operate this egine
over densely populated areas.Do not operate this engine over terrain where a safe, power off landing cannot be
performed.

ENGINE LIMITATIONS Metric Imperial
Engine speed
Take off (Max 5 minutes) 7250 rpm 7250 rpm
Maximum (continuous) 5500 rpm 5500 rpm
Power output
Take off power 70 kW 95 hp
Maximum continuous power 53 kW 72 hp
Fuel pressure
Normal 3+0.2 bar
Oil pressure
Normal 3.5-6 bar
Minimum 1.5 bar
Oil temperature
Normal 80 - 100 Deg C 170 - 212 Deg F
Maximum Deg C Deg F
Minimum 50 Deg C 122 Deg F
Cylinder head temperature
Maximum Deg C Deg F
Ambient start and operating temperature
Maximum 40 Deg C 104 Deg F
Minimum -20 Deg C -4 Deg F

NOTE
Minimum Oil Temperature of 50 deg C should be reached before take off. Operate for 5 min at 2500 rpm
continue at 3000 rpm until minimum temperature is reached.
2.3.2 Fuel
Super grade gasoline, lead free, min RON 95.

2.3.3 Lubricating Oil
In general use only brand-name 100% synthetic oil, API classification .SJ. Mulitigrade is recommended. Take the
viscosity of the oil named with SAE at least 15W-30, if available 5W-30 is highly recommended.
0W-30 or 0W-40 is recommended in winter.

Oil Capacity: 4 Litres (this will vary based on the oil line layout and oil cooler size used), oil volume between the
marks- 0.5 l, and consumption 0.1 Litres/Hr Max.

2.3.4 Cooling System
Oil- air –cooling(oil part-60%).

2.4 Weight limits

Metric Imperial
Maximum take off weight 472.5 kg 1050 lbs
Empty weight (with Emergency Rescue System) 232.5 kg 517 lbs
Permitted range of pilot weights
Front seat 55-100 kg 122-222 lbs
Rear seat 0-100 kg 0-222 lbs
Total maximum crew weight 200 kg 444 lbs

2.5 Operational Limits

2.5.1 Centre of Gravity limits
Centre of gravity limits are not critical on the trike of a flex wing ultralight. Having the trike unit attached
to the wing with a universal bracket, variations of cockpit loading and fuel loading cannot influence
the ultralight’s balance. The Aeros-2/Cross Country is therefore not critical in regards to centre of gravity although
the
distribution of load in the trike has an affect on the in-flight attitude of the ultralight.

2.5.2 Maneuvering Limits
All aerobatic maneuvers including spinning are prohibited.
Aerobatic manoeuvres including stalls, stalled spiral descents and negative G manoeuvres are not
permitted. It must be emphasized that a stall, spiral descent or negative G manoeuvre can never be
conducted safely. These manoeuvres put the ultralight outside the pilots control and put both the ultralight
and its occupants in extreme danger.
Do not pitch nose up or nose down more than 45 degrees from the horizontal. The front support tube of
the trike and the pilot’s chest limit the fore and aft movement of the control bar respectively.

2.5.3 Bank Angle
Do not exceed 60 degrees of bank angle. In roll there is no stop for the control movement. When performing the pre
flight procedure check that the wing moves freely by lowering each wing to within 10 cm of the ground (on ground
level).

2.5.4 Flight Load Factor Limits
Max positive maneuvering load factor: 4.0 G.
Negative load factors prohibited.
Load factors below 1.0 G to be avoided.
2.5.5 Kinds of Operation Limits
The ultralight is only to be flown under visual flight rules (VFR), and the minimum equipment required to
operate under VFR conditions are an Air speed indicator, Altimeter and instruments required by the
engine manufacturer.
Additional equipment may be required for some foreign operations.

2.5.6 Fuel Limitations
Tank capacity 54 liters (14.3 US Gal)

2.5.7 Maximum Passenger Seating Limits
One passenger maximum allowed.

2.5.8 Minimum Pilot Weight
The microlight ultralight must only be flown solo from the front seat. Minimum pilot weight flown solo shall
not be below 55 kg. Maximum power at minimum take off weight can cause an abrupt climb rate that, if
uncorrected, may cause climb angles of greater than maximum of 45 degrees.
Approximately 2/3 of maximum take off power is considered comfortable for a minimum take off weight.
Take off distance will be extended at reduced power.

2.5.9 Other Limitations
Maximum Cross Wind - 6m/s
Maximum Wind Strength - 12m/s
Maximum Ambient Operating Temperature + 40 …-10 deg C

No person who is untrained or unqualified in weight shift controlled flight or, who is unfamiliar with the
wing and trike combination, should ever attempt to pilot the ultralight unless under professional instruction.
The effect of light rain on the ultralight can increase the stall speed. It is extremely important to maintain
speeds in excess of the take off and landing safety speeds when the wing is wet. If the ultralight has been
left out in the rain or heavy dew it is necessary to wipe the wing down prior to take off. It is also
recommended that the ultralight be flown solo first to ensure all excess moisture is removed.
Continued operation in heavy rain is not recommended due to the abrasive effect of raindrops on the propeller.

CAUTION
MOISTURE ON THE WING CAN INCREASE STALL SPEED AND SHOULD BE REMOVED
PRIOR TO TAKE OFF.
SEE PILOT.S MANUAL

3. ULTRALIGHT & SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION

3.1 General
This section provides descriptions of the ultralight and its systems as well as methods of operation where
appropriate.
Information on the ultralight flight controls is detailed in this section, but it is mandatory that you receive
professional training prior to any solo flight.

3.2 Ground / Flight Control

Ground / flight Controls are as follows:
- Push left pedal = Taxi steering right
- Push left toe = Brakes on
- Ignition switch forward = Switch on
- Choke forward = Choke on

- Control bar move left = Right turn
- Control bar move right = Left turn
- Control bar push out = Pitch up
- Push right toe = Throttle open
- Hand throttle forward = Throttle open
3.3 Trim device operation
Aeros-2/Cross Country ultralight could be equipped with the trim device mechanism for trimming the ultralight in
pitch.

Specifications of the Wing Trim Device
Voltage supply 9 – 14 V
Nominal force 300 kg
Maximum force 1000 kg
Consumption current at nominal force 10 A
Travel 92 mm
Emergency travel 100 mm
Complies with IP54
Moving speed 15 mm/sec.
Operating mode Short-term, repeated
Temperature range -15…+55 °C
Time to failure
relay 500000 turn-ons
terminal switch 100000 turn-ons
electric motor 1000 hours
Dimensions Diam. 48 x 371 mm
Weight 1.425 kg

NOTE:
In the power supply system of the trim device it is necessary to have a 15A safety fuse.

For take off and landing the trim device position is 25 – 30 mm from most aft position (visual check).
For cruise trim the ultralight on desired cruise speed with the trim device.
The travel range of 92 mm is sufficient for trimming the ultralight in the horizontal straight flight at the speed range
of 65 – 100 km/h.
After the trim device has reached the most for or aft positions its travel automatically stops.

WARNING:
THE TRIM DEVICE IS DESIGNED TO OPERATE IN HORISONTAL FLIGHT, DURING TAKE OFF AND
LANDING ONLY.

WARNING:
IT IS NOT RECOMMENDED TO USE THE TRIM DEVICE IN MOST FORWARD POSITION IN
TURBULENT AIR IN ORDER TO AVOID EXCEEDING MAX. LOAD FACTOR.

CAUTION:
DO NOT LEAVE THE TRIM DEVICE ON IN MOST FORWARD AND AFT POSITION FOR LONG PERIOD
OF TIME.

The trim device consists of:
- travel mechanism;
- rear bracket;
- front bracket;
- joint unit;
-electric wiring with connectors, control switch and safety fuse.

The control switch is mounted on the right side of the cockpit (Aeros-2 trike) or on the seat frame bottom bracket
( Cross Country trike).
NOTE:
In case of the trim device failure in most forward position it is recommended to use flat, with no obstacles landing
field which is long enough for landing due to increased landing approach speed.

3.4 Instrument panel
The instrument panel consists of:
- air speed indicator;
- variometer;
- altimeter;
- oil pressure gage;
- oil temperature gage;
- head temperature gage;
- engine operation time counter;
- fuel gage;
- tachometer;
- compass.

The instruments arrangement is shown on the photo:

The Pitot static gage supplies ram air pressure to the air speed indicator from the nose of the cockpit.
The static pick up is at the rear of the instrument under the dash.
The power switch, ignition switches and the starter button can be found on the bottom side
of the dash.